Kuthandiza Boma Kusamalira

Maboma ali ndi malo apadera m'malo ozungulira chilengedwe. Iwo ali osamala mphamvu kwambiri panthaŵi imodzi, oyendetsa sitima zazikulu zapamadzi, mamanejala a ntchito yaikulu ya malo osungira zinthu, ndi makampani amphamvu a zachuma. Malo onse a malo okhala akugwira ntchito . Kusintha kwa maofesi, nyumba zowongolera, mayunivesite, misewu yaikulu, ndi kutumiza anthu onse. Pamene kusintha kwa nyengo kukuwonjezeka ndi kuyembekezera kwa anthu, madipatimenti a boma akusintha kuposa zizindikiro kuti atengere njira zamakono, makompyuta-directen kuti achepetse kuwonongeka kwawo. Kusintha kumeneku sikuli kokha kuchitika m'kutsatira lamulo la boma; kuimira kusintha kofunika kumene kumasungitsa ndalama, kuwonjezera kudalira kwa anthu, ndi kukonzanso kutchuka kwa anthu, ndi kukonzanso maluso a gulu la anthu.

Ukulu wa ntchito za boma n’ngodabwitsa. Malinga ndi bungwe la United States la Energy Information Administration, boma ndi maboma a dziko pamodzi pamodzi amachititsa pafupifupi 13 peresenti ya mphamvu zonse za U.S. Popanga mphamvu zogwiritsidwa ntchito m'madzi, kutaya zinthu, ndi kutulutsa zoyendera, katundu wa malo okhala ndi wamkulu. Komabe, mlingo umenewu umaperekanso mphamvu yosintha. Mwa kuwonjezera ntchito zawo, maboma angasonyeze kuti ali ndi luso la zopanga, kufunidwa kwa luso la zopanga za umisika, ndi kupanga misika ya zoyendera ndi ntchito zoyendera. Njira zosonyezedwa m'nkhani ino zikuimira machitidwe abwino kwambiri opangidwa kuchokera ku dziko kudutsa dziko.

Mphamvu: Maziko a Mankhwala Ochepetsa Ululu

Kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mphamvu magetsi ndi gasi wachilengedwe wogwiritsidwa ntchito m’nyumba . Ndi magwero aakulu koposa a utsi wa maboma ambiri. Kukonza gulu limeneli kumafuna njira yapamwamba imene imaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zoyera, kuyendetsa zinthu mwamphamvu, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito njira zanzeru zolamulira.

Kuchiritsa kwa Mphamvu Zogwira Ntchito ndi Mbadwo

Maboma akugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zomakonzanso zinthu monga kugula zinthu zofunika kwambiri m’malo moyesa kuwonjezera magetsi. Mapangano aakulu ogula magetsi amalola mayiko kutsekera magetsi otsika ndi a magetsi ochokera ku mphepo ndi mafamu a dzuŵa pamene akuchirikiza mphamvu zatsopano. Maboma ambiri aika maluwa a photovoltaic padenga, ma mipata yosungiramo katundu, ndi malo odera. Ena akufufuza magetsi a magetsi a magetsi ndi mphamvu zogulira mapangano kuti awonjezere phindu ku malo aang'ono. National Rerebiotable Energy Laboratory (NREL) imapereka chithandizo chaukatswiritsa kutumiza makampani a boma kumbuyo kwa mapanganowa, kuthandiza kuona mtengo wa nthaŵi yaitali wosungidwa ndi wochepetsedwa ndi carbon.

Kupyola dzuŵa ndi mphepo, maboma ambiri akuika ndalama zoyendetsera kutentha kwa dziko kaamba ka kutentha ndi kuziziritsa, njira za biomas za malo akumidzi, ndi maluso otulukira monga maselo a hydrogen operekera mphamvu. Kuikizira kumeneku kumachirikizidwa ndi zisonkhezero za msonkho za boma ndi kupereka maprogramu opezeka kupyolera mwa Dipatimenti ya Energy ̱ State Energy Program . Nyumba ya boma ya boma yomangidwa ndi mphamvu ya kukonzanso makompyuta ya carbon print pa 60-80 peresenti poyerekezera ndi maprogramme ogwirizanitsa ndi ma from.

Kupeza Mphamvu Zokwanira

Kuwongolera mphamvu za nyumba zimene zilipo kumakhala chimodzi cha zobwezeredwa zapamwamba kwambiri zimene maboma ali nazo. Malo a mphamvu zamagetsi akuya . Kuphatikizapo kuunikira kwamphamvu, kubwezeretsa HVAC, kumanga kwapamwamba, ndi kutumiza mphamvu kwa mafakitale, kumapereka 20-40 peresenti ya kuchepetsa mphamvu zogwiritsira ntchito. Maofesi ambiri a boma akhazikitsa ndalama zobwereka zimene zimagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zothandizira kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zothandizira kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama, kulola maprogramu opanga zinthu kukhala odzidalira pawokha kwa nthaŵi yaitali.

Maprogramu a kakhalidwe amathandizanso. Kuika zinthu zosavuta monga kuika ziwiya zoyendera, kusintha malo otentha, ndi kugwiritsa ntchito makina oika zinthu pa Intaneti kungapereke ndalama zambiri popanda kuwonongetsa ndalama zamalire. Environmental Protection Agency ’ Programme Star imapereka zipangizo zosonyezera mphamvu za boma zochitira ntchito nyumba za ausinkhu wanu, kuzindikira oyendetsa madesiki, ndi oika ndalama patsogolo. Maboma onga California ndi New York akhazikitsa zikole zofunikira kumanga nyumba zatsopano za boma kuti apeze malo a magetsi a thauta mkati mwa zaka khumi zotsatira.

Madzi Otchedwa GRED Ochenjera ndi Njira Zoyezera

Kuyang'anira mphamvu yamagetsi yeniyeni yasintha kuchoka pa zinthu zapamwamba. Nyumba zaing'ono zokhala ndi nyumba ndi madongosolo ena ake mkati mwa nyumba zimalola mamanejala a malowo kuzindikira malo osungira, ndandanda yosamalira, ndi kutsimikizira kuchuluka kwa ndalama zosungidwa kuchokera ku maluso a magetsi. Mapulatifomu owonjezera a magetsi amasintha zinthu kuchokera ku ku kutentha, kutulutsa mpweya, magetsi, ndi matanki kuti apange bwino kwambiri. Maboma ambiri a m'boma atengera malamulo oyenera ochitira umboni za nyumba za anthu, kufalitsa motsimikiza kuti ntchito yamagetsi ikhale yolimbikitsa kuwongolera kopitirizabe.

Kusamalira Zakufa: Kuchoka Kukafika Patali ndi Malo Owonongeka

Maboma amapanga zinyalala zambiri zolimba mwakuti ndizo zokhala ndi mapepala a mu ofesi ndi zakudya zodyera mpaka kumanga zinyalala ndi zipangizo zamagetsi zachikale.

Kupanganso Mapangano Olimbikitsa ndi Kulumikizana

Maprogramu a thumbo akuwonjezeka pa mlingo wa boma. Maprogramu opanga zinthu zokhala ndi mankhwala ofufuzidwa, ndi zinthu zokhala ndi malo osungira zinthu pamalo osungira zinthu ku . Kupatula chakudya kuchokera ku madansi a boma ndi zowonongeka za kukonza malo amachepetsa kuwonongeka kwa nthaka ya methane pamene akutulutsa nthaka yokonzedwa bwino ya mapaki ndi manyukiliya a misewu. Makampani ofufuza malo otetezera malo ozungulira amathandiza kusiyanitsa mipata ndi kupita patsogolo. Maboma onga Oregon ndi Vermont akhazikitsa malamulo a boma okonza zinthu zoyendera ntchito, kukwaniritsa mitengo ya kuyendetsa zinthu zapamwamba kwa makampani 70 peresenti.

Kusintha Mabuku ndi Makompyuta

Kuikidwa kwa mautumiki a boma kumapereka njira yamphamvu yochepetsera mapepala. Madongosolo a magetsi, kugwiritsa ntchito makompyuta, kugwiritsa ntchito Intaneti, ndi mapepala oyendera thambo achotsa mapepala mamiliyoni ambiri pachaka kudutsa m'ziungwe za boma. Kuwonjezera pa phindu lachindunji la malo okhala. Mitengo yotumbidwa ndi kuchepa kwa mphamvu yowonongedwa m’kutulutsa mapepala . Madipatimenti a za magetsi amene amasintha njira yogwiritsira ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi zopangira makompyuta ndi zolipirira ndalama amachepetsa ndalama zowonongera zonse ziŵiri za pepala ndi zoyendetsera. Mabungwe a anthu ogwiritsa ntchito mapepala opanga mabodiretsi ndi kuyendetsa ntchito mapepala akuchepetsa katundu otsalira pochirikiza ntchito yakutali.

Kukonza Zinthu Zam’mbali Ndiponso Zinthu Zopangidwa

Kuteteza zinthu zauve kunayamba ndi zosankha za kugula. Maofesi a boma akuwonjezera kutchula zinthu zokhala ndi zinthu zokhala ndi zinthu zokonzedwanso kwambiri, zopakidwa, ndi mapulani ozikonza. Zida za zachuma zozungulira zomwe zikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamtengo wake kwambiri. Nthambi za U.S. Programu ya Proviceal Providual Purchaing imapereka malangizo akuti makampani ambiri ayambe kugwiritsa ntchito njira zoyendetsera moyo, kuphatikizapo kukonza mapulogalamu ogwiritsa ntchito pa kompyuta ndi kupeta, kukonzanso njira zoyendera ndi kuonetsetsa kuti njira zoyendera bwino kapena kukonza.

Kukonzanso Ndege: Zoyendera ndi Magulu Achiwawa

Boma limapereka maloboti monga kuonetsetsa kuti magalimoto ayendetsedwe, magalimoto okonza galimoto, mabasi oyendera, ndi ma sedan . Ndi umboni wakuti pali gwero lalikulu la mpweya wotenthetsa dziko ndi kuipitsa mpweya. Magalimotowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyeretsa zinthu ndi kuipitsa zinthu.

Kulandira Magetsi

Magalimoto amagetsi a bhetri ayamba kukhala aluso lothandiza kubwezeretsa zombo zonyamulika. Ndalama zotsika ndi zosamalira, kuphatikizapo mitengo ya galimoto, zimachititsa kukwera mtengo kwa katundu ndi njira zina zomangira. Maboma ambiri akhazikitsa malamulo ofuna kuti pakhale chigawo cha zinthu zatsopano zogula kuti zikhale zero. Kuyendetsa zinthu zamagetsi ndi malo ofunikira kwambiri: mayiko akuika deti lachiwiri la makampani a boma pantchito ndi m'makhomo apamwamba. Mayiko ena akuyendetsa magalimoto amagetsi ndi olemera, kuphatikizapo mabasi a sukulu, magalimoto operekera katundu, ndi zomangira katundu, ndalama zothandizira kutumiza katundu kuchokera ku kampani ya Voldwagentetion ndi Dies Reduction Act.

Maboma akufufuza njira zapadera zogwiritsira ntchito magetsi a magetsi a magetsi opangidwa ndi magetsi, magalimoto a hydrogen cell, ndi madizilo kapena mawinyosi a zinthu zokhala ndi mphamvu ya magetsi. Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino sitima zankhondo . Kugwiritsa ntchito bwino galimoto kuti zikhale zofunika pa ntchito zenizeni. Amagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zambiri komanso amagwiritsa ntchito mafuta.

Ubwino Wogwiritsa Ntchito Ndege ndi Kuyendetsa Galimoto

Gwema linapanga mbali yaikulu ya zoyendera za boma asanawonongeko. Kufalikira kwa ntchito zakutali ndi zauchigaŵenga kwasintha malo ameneŵa. Maboma ena oganiza bwino akuthandizana kuchepetsa ntchito za galimoto zimene zimayendera posamalira ntchito. Amene akufuna kuti pakhale anthu oyenda pakampani akuika ndalama za antchito: njira zoyendera, mapulogalamu a vancool, malo osungira njinga, ndi malo osungirako anthu ogwira ntchito. Mayiko ena agwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu a zomapaka galimoto, kulola antchito kusankha mtengo wa malo awo oimika galimoto monga ndalama zopimira msonkho kapena phindu la kampani. Zochita zimenezi sizikuchepetsa kuyendetsa zinthu zoteretsa zinthu, magalimoto opanga magalimoto odula ndalama.

Kulinganiza Zinthu Zothandiza

Zosankha za maziko a zoyendera zakhala zokhalitsa kwa nthaŵi yaitali. Madipatimenti a boma a zoyendera akugwirizanitsa kukhazikika kwa matelects ku maprojekiti ndi zinthu zina. Zipangizo zotchedwa trouble asphalt, zomangira misewu, ndi ma mahatchi omera akhala matanthauzo oyenerera. Kutembenuza magetsi mu msewu kwachepetsa mphamvu zounikira za pamsewu ndi 50. Malamulo athunthu amene amasunga oyenda pansi pa miyendo, oyendetsa njinga, ndi otumiza anthu akuchepetsa kutulutsa kwa kanthaŵi yaitali.

Kuchiritsidwa Kothandiza Monga Kachitidwe Koletsa Kudwala

Maofesi a boma amalandira makampani ogulitsa zinthu ndi mphamvu zawo zogulira zinthu. Mwa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotetezera malo okhala popempha zifuno ndi mapangano, maboma angayambitse makampani atsopano pamene akukwaniritsa zolinga zawo zodalirika. Maprogramu ogula zinthu zofunikira ndi mapesenti atatu a mapepala monga Energy Star, EPEAT pa zipangizo zamagetsi, Green Seal kuti akonze zinthu zoyeretsera, ndi nkhalango ya oyang'anira ntchito za matabwa amapanga makampani. Moyo wa m'mafakitale umakwera mtengo poyerekezera ndi zinthu zosavuta kuyerekezera ndi ndalama zoyamba za [1] Zopanga zinthu zamakono ndi zachilengedwe, zokhoza kukonza, zofunikira. Mayiko angapo atengera malamulo oletsa kuyeretsa zinthu za boma, kuchotsa zinthu zowonongeka ndi kukonzanso zinthu zina.

Kuteteza Madzi ndi Kuyendetsa Madzi Amkuntho

Kusoŵa kwa madzi ndi kuipitsa kwa madzi kukudetsa nkhaŵa m'madera ambiri. Malo a boma, makamaka amene ali ndi malo othirira ndi malo aakulu osatetezeka, angathandizire kwambiri ku mavuto ameneŵa. Kuteteza madzi kumaphatikizapo kutsekedwa kwa mawindo otsika, chilala, kukonza malo otentha, ndi kukonza madzi a mvula kuti alowerere, ndi madzi a buuutsi. Malo a Green Green . "magest , maluwa otetezedwa ndi mawindo obiriŵira, ndi matsindwi obiriŵira, ndi matsiro obiriŵira obiriwira, amatulutsa madzi, amawongolera kutentha kwa madzi, ndi kuteteza malo a m'tauni. Kuteteza zachilengedwe kwa madzi kumapereka programu ya madzi a Ssense ndi ziwiya zothandizira kusungitsa ndalama zosungira zinthu za boma. Kumadzulo kwa United States, kumene kuli chilala chakunja, kumadera a boma, kumadera akusungidwa monga kusungidwa kwa boma.

Zolembapo Zomanga Zabiriŵira

Kumanga, kumanga, ndi ntchito za nyumba zimapatsa mwaŵi waukulu wa kuwongokera kwa malo okhala. Maboma ambiri amafuna nyumba zatsopano za boma kuti zipeze umboni pansi pa U. Green Building Council’s Leadership in Energy and Environmental Desition (LEED) programu kapena muyezo wofanana. Makiniki ameneŵa amaika mawu a malo osankhidwa, kuyendetsa bwino madzi, mphamvu, kukonza zinthu zakuthupi, malo okhala ndi malo okhala, ndi kukonzanso nyumba zatsopano. Nyumba za boma za boma zikhoza kuwongolera mkhalidwe wa akuluakulu a boma kuti agwirizane ndi miyezo yawo yobiriŵira. Mphamvu zakuya zoyendera mphamvu za madzi pamodzi ndi kukonzanso njira zoyendera madzi, ndi zothandizira kumanga zinthu zomapanga mabizinesi, zopindulitsa kwambiri pamene zikuchepetsa ndalama zogwirira ntchito. Mabungwe a bungwe la za Undunawa ndi mabungwe ena athandiza kwambiri kukonza njira zoyendera ntchito.

Kugwira Ntchito ndi Chikhalidwe cha Gulu

Luso la zopangapanga ndi malamulo paokha sangakwaniritse zolinga zochirikiza popanda kugwira ntchito. Maprogramu a pangano la antchito amene amaphunzitsa, kuwonjezera, ndi kupatsa mphamvu anthu kuti atsatire makhalidwe odalirika n’ngofunika. Makomiti a Green [1] Odzipereka monga zothandizira anthu kusintha, kulinganiza zochepetsa zotayika, mavuto a kuteteza mphamvu, ndi kukweza ntchito. Kuvomereza ndi kubwezera mphoto kumakondwerera zothandizira zapadera. Kulankhulana kwa zinthu zachilengedwe kudzera m'mabodiresi ndi malipoti ochirikiza kumapangitsa kuti anthu azidziŵerengera ndi kunyada. Mayiko ena ali ndi mapangano ogwirizana oyendera ntchito za antchito m'ntchito ndi zoyendera ntchito za gulu, kulinganiza zochita za munthu payekha. Kuphunzitsa maprogramungwe ochirikiza ntchito kupambana ntchito m'makampaniwonjezedwa ndi makampani kuti apeze mapulogalamu a kuwonjezera ntchito.

Kuthana ndi Mavuto a Kupirira

Njira ya ku ntchito za boma zopitirizidwa sikuli kopanda zopinga. Zoletsa za banki kaŵirikaŵiri zimachepetsa kuwonjezereka kwa mphamvu zokhalako kaamba ka kukonzanso mphamvu zamagetsi, kulinganiza galimoto, ndi kukonzanso njira za moyo, ngakhale pamene kusungidwa kwa zinthu kukugwira ntchito. Zoletsa zaluso ndi kuchuluka kwa magalimoto amagetsi ndi kuchuluka kwa makampani. Kusintha kwa zomangamanga ndi njira zina zopitirizira zopitirizira. Kulephera kusintha kuchokera kwa antchito ozoloŵera njira zatsopano kungachedwetsa kutengera njira zatsopano. Kulamulira kogwirizana ndi makampani ambiri, kuphatikizapo ndi njira zazifupi za ndale zadziko zimene zimapanga zotulukapo za mwamsanga, kusokoneza maluso anthaŵi yaitali. Kusonkhanitsa ndi kuulutsa njira zoperekera chidziŵitso za ntchito za madera ambiri kumakhala kovuta, kusiyanitsa kupita patsogolo ndi ntchito m’malo osiyanasiyana. Zipatala za chipambano zimenezi zikuchirikiza ntchito za boma ndi kuwonjezera mphamvu za boma, kuyendera makampani oyendetsera ntchito, makampani odalirika amakono, monga kuthandizira ndi kuthandizira kwa makampani a kampani a .

Kumaliza: Kutsogolera mwa Chitsanzo

Maboma amene amachepetsa molinganiza kuwonongeka kwa malo okhala akupanga zolinga zambiri: amatetezera zinthu zachilengedwe, amachepetsa ndalama zolipira msonkho, amawongolera thanzi la anthu, ndi kuonetsa utsogoleri umene umasonkhezera ntchito m'mbali zina. Njira zolongosoledwa m'nkhani ino(kukonzanso mphamvu, kuchepetsa, kuchepetsa, kuchepetsa, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zoyendera, kusungidwa kwa madzi, kusungidwa kwa madzi, kukonzanso malo obiriŵira, ndi antchito kukonza njira yogwirira ntchito. Pamene kuli kwakuti mavuto atsala, kuchuluka kwa machita ameneŵa kupindula ndi ndalama zothandizira ntchito, kuwonjezera mphamvu, kudalira anthu, kulimba, ndi malo abwino osungiramo anthu, ndi malo abwino kwa mibadwo yambiri yomwe ikudza. Kusinthako sikuli kokha kukonzanso koyenera kwa ntchito. Kusinthako kuli kofunika kwa boma kwabwino kwa ntchito kwa anthu onse kwa zaka makumi aŵiri.