Pamene mupereka misonkho ya kwanuko, mukupeza ndalama zothandizira ntchito zimene zimalongosola moyo wa tsiku ndi tsiku m’mudzi mwanu . Malo, masukulu, chitetezo cha boma, mapaki, ndi zipangizo zothandizira. Komabe nzika zambiri zili ndi lingaliro losadziŵika bwino la mmene ndalama za msonkhozo zimasonkhanitsidwira ndi kugawiridwa. Kumvetsetsa unansi pakati pa zimene mumalipira ndi zimene mumalandira sikuli kokha nkhani ya kufunitsitsa kudziŵa za boma; nkofunika kuchititsa akuluakulu a boma kuŵerengeredwa, kuchirikiza zosoŵa za chitaganya, ndi kupanga zosankha zaluso pa bokosi la misonkhoma, mautumiki osulirira a mabizinesi, malonda ndi mavuto amene amapanga ndalama, ndi kufunika kwa kuwonekera kwa oyang'anira ndalama za anthu.

Ntchito ya Misonkho M’boma

Maboma a m'dziko amadalira misonkho monga magwero awo aakulu a ndalama chifukwa ali ndi ulamuliro . "ololedwa ndi malamulo a boma ndi malamulo a boma .] Mosiyana ndi boma la boma, limene lingayendetse ndalama, mizinda iyenera kulinganiza ndalama zawo za ndalama chaka chilichonse. Chifuniro chimenechi chimapangitsa msonkho kukhala ndi mtengo wa ndalama za msonkho wa makampani. Popanda poikiza msonkho wokwanira ndi wosasinthasintha, maboma a mizinda sangapereke mautumiki amene nzika za m'matauni zimayembekezera: misewu yabwino, madzi odalirika, sukulu zapamwamba, ndi misewu yogwira ntchito.

Misonkho imathandizanso kukonza zinthu m’chitaganya. Mwa kusintha mlingo, kusafuna kulowa m’dziko, ndi ngongole, mizinda ingalimbikitse makhalidwe ena monga kukhala m’nyumba, kuyendetsa malonda, kapena kuyendetsa bwino mphamvu za anthu. Komabe, chigamulo chilichonse cha msonkho chimakhudza malonda. Misonkho yapamwamba ingasonkhetse mautumiki abwino koma ingathamangitse mabizinesi ndi anthu okhala m’dzikolo; misonkho yotsika ingakope maprogramu ofunika koma ingathe kusoŵa chakudya. Kulinganiza zinthu zimenezi ndi vuto lalikulu la malamulo a za m'dziko.

Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya Misonkho

Kumvetsa zida zimenezi kumathandiza anthu kuganizira bwino za mmene amakhomera misonkho m’madera amene akukhala.

Misonkho ya Panyumba

Misonkho ya katundu imaperekedwa pa malo enieni ndi nyumba . Nkhomazo zimatengedwa pa mtengo woyeneretsedwa wa chuma cha Boma ndi chuma. Ndizo magwero aakulu koposa a msonkho wakumaloko kwa mizinda yambiri mu United States, kuŵerengera pafupifupi 30-50 peresenti ya ndalama za eni za ndalama, malinga ndi .. . .Centical Bureage’s Annution of State and Bomage Department of Office of , [[FLM:1]. Misonkhoma imakhazikika poyerekezera ndi misonkhoma kapena ndalama zimene amapeza chifukwa cha kusintha pang'onopang'ono ndi kusintha kwa chuma. Komabe, eni nyumba angabwezerenso katundu wotsika kwambiri: ndalama zimene amapeza, makamaka ngati ndalama zawo zikukwera mofulumira kuposa ndalama zimene amapeza. Matauni ambiri amalanditsa msonkho kapena kulanditsa msonkho kwa anthu osauka, kapena kuchuluka kwa anthu oloŵa m’nyumba.

Kugulitsa Misonkho

Makampani amalonda amagulitsa misonkho yogulitsa katundu ndi ntchito zina. Imeneyi ndi njira yaikulu yopezera ndalama m’mizinda yambiri, makamaka m’mayiko opanda misonkho yakwawo. Chifukwa chakuti misonkho yogulitsa imayenderana ndi ndalama, imasinthasintha ndi chuma . Imasinthasintha pa nthawi ya kutsika kwa chuma ndi kukwera kwa ndalama. Imeneyi ingachititse mavuto a bajeti. Ndiponso, misonkho ya ndalama ya malonda imasintha: ndalama za ndalama za anthu ochepa kwambiri zogulitsidwa pa ndalama zawo pa zinthu za msonkho, choncho msonkhowo umawononga ndalama zambiri za ndalama zawo. Mizinda ina imapewa zinthu monga kugula ndi mankhwala oletsa kukwera kwa katundu. Mabizinesi amayang'ananso ndi kuchuluka kwa ndalama zogulitsa ndi kugulitsa misonkhoma, makamaka ndi kukwera kwa malonda a pa Intaneti.

Misonkho Yolipira M’madera Omwewo

Ngakhale kuti misonkho ya ndalama ya m'dziko si yofala kwambiri kuposa ya anthu kapena ya malonda, misonkho ya m'matauni ambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mizinda yambiri . Makamaka m'madera a Midwest ndi Mid-Atlantic . Kusinthanitsa ndalama zawo. Misonkho imeneyi ndi ndalama zotsala pa malipiro opezedwa mumzinda, mosasamala kanthu za kumene wantchito amakhala. “msonkho wa ndalama za ndalama za ndalama za ndalama za ndalama . Imabaitsa ndalama kwa antchito a m'tauni amene amagwiritsira ntchito ntchito ntchito koma amakhoma misonkhoma ina. Msonkhomakhoma kaŵirikaŵiri imakula kuposa kugulitsa kapena kulipira katundu chifukwa chakuti amadalira pa luso la kulipira. Komabe, iwo angapange katundu a ntchito za antchito ndipo amapikisana ndi a ndale zadziko, kaŵirikaŵiri amalandira ndalama kwa antchito a boma amene amakhoma misonkhoma minda ya m’malo.

Misonkho Yosakwanira

Misonkho yopanda phindu imaperekedwa pa kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi, gasi, madzi, ntchito ya telefoni, ndipo nthaŵi zina imakana kusonkhetsa. Imaŵerengeredwa kukhala chigawo cha ndalama kapena ndalama zotsala pa chigawo chimodzi. Misonkho imeneyi ndi yosasintha chifukwa chakuti kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi kumayendera bwino komanso kumakhala kopanda phindu. Komabe, nthawi zambiri imabwereranso mwakachetechete, kumagwa m’mabanja a anthu opeza ndalama zochepa amene amawononga ndalama zawo zambiri pa zinthu zowonjezera. Otsutsanso amati misonkho ingathe kulepheretsa mphamvu ndi kuteteza zinthu zachilengedwe. Matauni ena amaphatikizapo kusayendetsa ntchito kapena kuchotsa anthu otsika kuti apeze katundu wothandiza.

Misonkho Ina ya M’deralo

Kuwonjezera pa magulu aakulu, mizinda ingapereke misonkho ndi ndalama zosiyanasiyana: misonkho ya m'hotela, misonkho ya malonda, misonkho pa zakumwa zoledzeretsa kapena fodya, misonkho ya mafuta, ndi misonkho yovomerezeka. Zambiri mwa zimenezi zimaikidwa mwachindunji kaamba ka mautumiki ofanana ndi ameneŵa. Mwachitsanzo, misonkho ya m'mahotela ya m’hotela imasungitsa kukwezedwa ndi malo a msonkhano, pamene misonkho ya mafuta ingakhale yopatulidwa kuyang'anira misewu. Ndalama za antchito (m. g. g., pa mapaki, kusonkhanitsa mabwi, kapena zilolezo zomangamanga) zimaonedwanso kukhala zosiyana ndi misonkhoma, ngakhale kuti zimagwira ntchito zofanana.

Makonzedwe Oyendetsera Misonkho ya M’dzikolo

Maboma a m’mizinda amakhoma msonkho pofuna kupereka mautumiki osiyanasiyana amene amayambukira mwachindunji moyo wa munthu.

Chitetezo cha Anthu Onse

Kutetezeka kwa anthu ndi mbali yaikulu ya ndalama zimene zimawonongedwa m’mabanki a mzinda, ndipo nthaŵi zambiri zimawonongetsa 20-30 peresenti ya ndalama zimene anthu onse amagwiritsa ntchito.

Apolisi

Madipatimenti a apolisi amagwiritsira ntchito ndalama za msonkho pa chilichonse kuyambira kwa apolisi olondera ndi apolisi mpaka kukhazikitsa maprogramu otetezera upandu, kutumiza mauthenga, ndi zipangizo. M’zaka zaposachedwapa, mizinda yayang'anizana ndi kuwonjezereka kwa kufunidwa kwa kusintha kwa apolisi, kuŵerengera mlandu, ndi zina zoloŵa m’malo mwa upolisi, monga ngati magulu oloŵerera m'mavuto ndi opereka chithandizo cha zaumoyo. Zosankha za ndalama m'dera lino zimatsutsidwa kwambiri, ndi makambitsirano a ndalama za apolisi, kugawiridwa kwa maphunziro ndi luso la zopanga, ndi ntchito yosungitsa lamulo m'mautumiki wa anthu.

Madipatimenti Ozimitsa Moto

Madipatimenti amakono a moto amachita zambiri kuposa kungolimbana ndi moto. Makampani amakono akupereka chithandizo chamwadzidzidzi, zinthu zoopsa, kulanditsa, ndi kuteteza moto. Makampani a msonkho, zipangizo zotetezera, kuphunzitsidwa, ndi malipiro. Posintha nyengo, madipatimenti a moto akuwonjezekanso kukhala okonzekera ndi okonza. Matauni ambiri amadalira madipatimenti aufulu kapena a maofesi ophatikiza zinthu, makamaka m’matauni aang'ono, amene ali ndi nyumba zosiyanasiyana koma akufunikabe ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito za boma.

Machiritso a M’nthaŵi Yatsoka

EMS imagwirizanitsidwa ndi madipatimenti a moto kapena imagwira ntchito monga ntchito ya m'malomzi. Nthaŵi zachivomerezo ndi ma ambulansi okonzeka bwino amapulumutsa miyoyo ya anthu, ndipo mtengo wosamalira utumiki 24 /7 ndi wochuluka. Ndalama za EMS zimatsimikizira kuti anthu onse okhala m'dzikomo ali okhoza kulipira inshuwalansi kapena kukhoza kulipira motsutsana ndi mlingo wa ndalama.

Maphunziro

Maboma a m’mizinda nthaŵi zambiri amathandizira kwambiri maphunziro a boma ndi boma, ndipo misonkho ya katundu ya m’dzikolo ndi imene imathandizira kwambiri m’mayiko ambiri.

Sukulu za Onse (K-12)

Misonkho ya malo a m'deralo ingapereke 30-50 peresenti ya ndalama za chigawo cha sukulu, malinga ndi njira za boma zolingana. Ndalama zimenezi zimalipira malipiro a aphunzitsi, kukonza sukulu, zinthu zothandizira, luso la zopangapanga, ndi maprogramu a zapasukulu. Kudalira misonkho ya katundu yakumaloko kumapanga kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa madera a zachuma ndi a sukulu osauka, kuchititsa makhoti ndi kusintha kwa ndalama kwa boma m’mayiko ambiri.

Makoleji ndi Malaibulale a M’chitaganya

Makoleji ambiri opereka ndalama za kampani ndi malaibulale a boma kudzera m'malangizo a ndalama zoperekedwa kapena popereka ndalama za boma. Malaibulale amapereka mwayi waulere wa mabuku, intaneti, maphunziro a ntchito, ndi malo osonkhanira anthu. Makoleji a maphunziro apamwamba, kupita patsogolo kwa ntchito, ndi maphunziro opitiriza.

Pambuyo pa Sukulu ndi Programu za Achichepere

Maprogramu ameneŵa amasungitsa ana kukhala otetezeka m'maola a sukulu, kuwonjezera pa kuchuluka kwa ndalama zothandizira pasukulu, ndiponso kuchepetsa upandu.

Malo Opangira Zinthu ndi Zoyendera

Maboma a boma a m’mizinda amafunika kupereka ndalama zothandizira kumanga ndi kukonza misewu, milatho, njira zoyendera, madzi ndi zimbudzi, ndiponso njira zodutsa anthu onse.

Misewu, Malatho, ndi Makwalala

Misewu yakumaloko ndi yochuluka kwambiri m’njira za dzikolo. Malo ndi ndalama zosungiramo ndalama za mafuta (kuchotsa zidutswa za mabowo, kusesa chipale chofewa, misewu, kumanganso, ndi kumanganso zatsopano. Mizinda yambiri imawononganso ndalama za oyenda pansi pa nthaka ndi zoyendera njinga kuti ithandize kuteteza ndi kuchepetsa kutulutsa kwa galimoto. Kukonzanso kwa mizinda yambiri kuli vuto losatha.

Kusintha kwa Onse

Mabuse, njanji ya magetsi, sitima zapansi, ndi sitima zoyenda ndi zonse pamodzi zimayendetsedwa ndi ndalama za ndalama ndi msonkho, makamaka mwa kuphatikizana kwa malo, boma, ndi boma. Misonkho ya katundu, misonkho, ndi misonkho yopereka ndalama ndizo mitsinje ya makampani oyendera. Kuyenda bwino ndi chuma chachikulu, kugwirizanitsa antchito ku ntchito, ophunzira ku sukulu, ndi anthu okhala m’masukulu kuti apeze chithandizo cha zaumoyo ndi kugula zinthu. Komabe, makampani a za kampani alimbana ndi kutsika kwa magalimoto kuyambira pamene mliri, ndipo ambiri akuyang'anizana ndi mavuto aakulu amene amafunikira kuwonjezereka kwa makampani kapena ntchito.

Madzi, Madzi, ndi Malo Osungiramo Zinthu

Madzi abwino akumwa, mankhwala otayidwa, kuyang'anira madzi a mkuntho, ndi zotayidwa zolimba ndizo mautumiki aumoyo a boma. Matauni ambiri amagwira ntchito zimenezi monga ndalama za malonda, kutanthauza kuti amapatsidwa ndalama makamaka mwa kulipira kwa antchito mmalo mwa misonkho ya onse. Komabe, kaŵirikaŵiri msonkho umachepetsa kuwongolera kwa ndalama (m'(m., makampani othandizira kuchepetsa kukwera kwa madzi) ndipo angagwiritsiridwe ntchito kusunga ziŵerengero zoyenerera kwa anthu opeza ndalama zochepa. Makiyiwa ali chitokoso chachikulu, ndi American Society of Civivil Enginerers patsa dziko giredi ya madzi a C-Driontalea ndi kuŵerengera ndalama zothandizira ndalama za .

Mapaki, Zosangalatsa, ndi Chikhalidwe

Mapaki, malo ochitirako masewera, malo osungirako anthu, madamu, masewero a golufu, ndi malo a chikhalidwe cha anthu (malo osungirako nyama, ntchito zaluso) amayendetsedwa ndi kuphatikiza ndalama za msonkho, ndalama zoyendetsera ntchito, ndi zopereka za anthu. Mabanja ameneŵa amawonjezera thanzi la thupi ndi maganizo, kuwonjezera chuma, ndi kukopa alendo. Matauni ambiri apereka madera a nkhalango kapena misonkho ya malonda a pabwalo kuti apeze ndalama zodalirika. Komabe, nthaŵi zambiri kusungitsa zinthuzo kumawonongeka, ndipo kumalowa m’madera onse.

Kupita Patsogolo kwa Chuma ndi Nyumba

Maboma a mizinda amagwiritsira ntchito ndalama za msonkho kupititsa patsogolo chuma ndi kuchuluka kwa nyumba zosungirako ndalama. Zida za ndalama zothandizira msonkho (TIF), misonkho ya katundu, madera okonzanso malonda, ndi ndalama zoperekera kapena zokongola kwa omangamanga. Makampani ameneŵa amatsutsana ndi . Ochirikiza zimenezi amayambitsa ntchito ndi kulimbikitsa anthu kusungitsa ndalama zachinsinsi, pamene otsutsa amanena kuti amapatsa ndalama anthu olemera ndi kuchotsa ntchito zauvekishoni. Maprogramu a nyumba zokongola, monga chithandizo cha lendi, chithandizo cha ndalama zochepetsera ndalama zopeza, amathandizidwanso ndi ndalama zothandizira kupeza nyumba zotsika, amathandizidwa ndi kuphatikizana misonkhoma, boma, ndi zopereka ndalama zothandizira kuthandizira kumanga makampani, ndi mabungwe a boma.

Mavuto Amene Ankachitika Popereka Msonkho

Kumanga nyumba za msonkho n’kovuta chifukwa anthu a m’mizinda amakumana ndi mavuto monga kulephera kumanga nyumba, ndale, kuchuluka kwa anthu ndiponso kusintha kwa chuma, zimene zimachititsa kuti anthu ambiri azikhala ndi ndalama zambiri.

Chiphunzitso cha Msonkho Chikutha

Malamulo ambiri asintha malo a malonda ndi misonkho pa Intaneti. Kukwera kwa masitolo kwasintha ndalama zogulitsira msonkho kuchokera ku mayiko ena, ngakhale kuti mayiko ambiri akhazikitsa “malamulo a Armenia". Kufuna kuti ogulitsa akwanu atengere msonkho. Kuchepetsa msonkho wa katundu, monga California potiza 13, kuyang'anira ndalama zopimira msonkho ndi kulepheretsa kuchuluka kwa ndalama. Kuchotsa ndalama za boma, katundu wa boma, ndi mabungwe achipembedzo achepetsako. Pakali pano, kuchepa kwa malonda a kampani ndi malo enieni a ofesi kugulitsidwa ndi mliri wa katundu ndi misonkho ya m'mafakitale ambiri m'mafakitale.

Opereka Msonkho Amatopa Kwambiri Ndiponso Andale Ovuta

Nzika kaŵirikaŵiri zimakana kuwonjezereka kwa misonkho, ngakhale pamene zichirikiza mautumiki ofutukulidwa. Maboma ambiri amakhazikitsa malamulo a msonkho ndi ndalama zowonongedwa zimene zimafuna chivoti kaamba ka kuwonjezereka kwa mlingo wa chaka ndi chaka. Kuletsa kumeneku kungakakamiza mizinda kuchepetsa mautumiki panthaŵi ya kutsika kwa dziko kapena kudalira pa njira zanthaŵi imodzi monga kusungitsa ndalama kapena kukongola. Kusintha kwa misonkho kumavuta kukhazikitsa chigwirizano cha kusintha.

Kuda Nkhawa

Misonkho yambiri yakumaloko imabwezeredwanso [1] Imatenga mbali yaikulu ya malipiro a osauka kuposa achuma. Makampani misonkho, misonkho ya magetsi, ndi misonkho ya katundu pa nyumba (makamaka m'madera okongola) imagwa kwambiri pa anthu olandira ndalama zochepa. Mosiyana ndi, misonkho yakwawo ndi msonkho wa katundu wambiri sungayendetsedwe bwino. Matauni akuyesa malamulo ogwirizana ndi malamulo monga ngati ndalama zolipira msonkho wa ndalama za katundu, “rai ndalama zothandizira kupereka msonkho, ndi nyumba za msonkho zopita patsogolo, koma kaŵirikaŵiri misonkhoma ndi yomangitsa katundu imeneyi imachepetsedwa ndi lamulo kapena ndale zadziko.

Kufunika kwa Kuona Zinthu Moyenera ndi Kuŵerengera Mlandu

Kuti pangano la anthu ndi boma lawo ligwire ntchito, anthu ayenera kumvetsa mmene ndalama zawo za msonkho zimawonongedwera ndi kukhala ndi mphamvu yoika bajeti patsogolo. Kuona zinthu moyenera ndiponso kuŵerengera zinthu pazochitikazo n’kofunika kwambiri kuti azikhulupirirana ndi kulamulira.

Misonkhano ya Onse ya Malamulo a Ndalama

Mabungwe ambiri a m’mizinda ndi makomiti a sukulu amakhala ndi ndandanda ya anthu asanayambe kulera ana. Misonkhano imeneyi imalola anthu okhala m’dzikolo kufunsa mafunso, kufotokoza zimene zikuwadetsa nkhaŵa, ndi kuwauza kuti asintha. Pamene kuli kwakuti anthu sakufuna kupezekapo, ntchito yake imafuna lamulo ndipo imapereka njira yovomerezeka yothandizira anthu. Mizinda ina imagwiritsanso ntchito zipangizo za pa Intaneti, monga kugwiritsa ntchito bajeti, kulola anthu kuvota mwachindunji mmene angaperekere mbali ya bajeti.

Malipoti a Ndalama a Pachaka ndi Mabolodi a pa Intaneti

Malipoti a ndalama a chaka ndi chaka (CAFR) akonzedwa mogwirizana ndi miyezo ya albin ndi zotulutsira zatsatanetsatane za ndalama, zowonongedwa, ngongole, ndi ndalama zoikizira ndalama. Malipoti ameneŵa ayenera kukhala osavuta kupezeka pa webusaiti ya mzinda. Matauni ambiri apanganso mabodi oonekera pa Intaneti amene amasonyeza zinthu zenizeni kapena zokhala ndi ndalama zenizeni za ndalama, zimene zimalola anthu okhala m'dzikolo kufunafuna ndalama zowonongedwa ndi dipatimenti, pulogalamu, kapena ogulitsa. Zitsanzo zimenezi zimaphatikizapo Balves [FLT] ndi Leaguediation ya ndalama za mizinda.

Kufufuza ndi Kufufuza Zokhudza Ntchito

Kuŵerengera kumafuna zambiri kuposa kungosimba kuti anawononga ndalama zingati . Matauni ayenera kufalitsa chidziŵitso cha ntchito pa mautumiki ofunika: nthaŵi za apolisi, kutsatsa chipambano cha moto, kupima kwa mikhalidwe ya pamsewu, mayeso a sukulu, ndi magiredi apamwamba a paki. Kupenda kodzidalira kwa boma kapena makampani achinsinsi kumapereka uyang'aniro wowonjezereka ndi chithandizo cha kuwona irefficiencies, chinyengo, kapena kuyendetsa molakwa.

Tsogolo la Kukhoma Msonkho M’madera Ena

Maboma a mizinda akufufuza njira zatsopano zopezera ndalama zowonjezereka ndi kusinthira ku kusintha kwa chuma. Zina zolonjeza (ndipo zotsutsana) zikuphatikizapo:

  • Kulemekeza Msonkho wa Dziko (LVT): Kupereka mtengo wosatsimikizirika wa malo mmalo mwa mtengo wa nyumba, zimene zimalimbikitsa chitukuko ndi kuchepetsa kuyerekezera. Pittsburgh anagwiritsira ntchito LVT kwa zaka zambiri.
  • Through forod Trough: Kugwiritsira ntchito mitengo yapamwamba ku zinthu zodula kapena kukhala ndi mizera yambiri kuti asamutse katunduyo kwa olemera.
  • Misonkho ya kufunkha: Kupatsa eni malo okhala kapena amalonda ndalama kuti athetse kusoŵa kwa nyumba ndi kuwonongeka kwa zinthu.
  • [[MT.0] Cannabis, Moŵa, ndi Sugar Consure: Misonkho ya uchimo ikhoza kubweretsa ndalama pamene ikuchirikiza thanzi la anthu, koma kaŵirikaŵiri imabwereranso m’mbuyo ndipo ingakhale yosinthasintha m'zandale.
  • [[FLT: 0] Congestion Pricing ndi Parking Fees: Kugwiritsira ntchito ndi kuimika misewu kungachepetse magalimoto, kutumiza ndalama, ndi kuwonjezera ndalama (monga momwe zimawonedwa ku London, Stockholm, ndi New York City.
  • Kukhutiritsa ndi Mautumiki Ogaŵana: Madipatimenti olimbitsa, kugaŵana ntchito IT, kapena kuyanjana ndi matauni apafupi kungachepetse mtengo popanda mautumiki akudula.

Kumaliza

Misonkho si chinthu wamba; ndi njira imene anthu amagwiritsira ntchito ndalama zawo kupezera chuma chimene palibe munthu aliyense angakhoze kugula. Kuteteza apolisi ndi misewu yokonzedwa bwino ku sukulu ndi mapaki, utumiki uliwonse wa mumzinda umadalira pa njira ya msonkho imene imasonyeza mapindu a chitaganya ndi zofunika. Pamene chuma chikusintha ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zokakamiza, nzika ndi opanga malamulo ayenera kugwira ntchito pamodzi kupanga madongosolo a misonkho okwanira, oyenera, ooneka bwino, ndi ovomereza kusintha zinthu. Nthaŵi yotsatira mukuona holo ya mzinda ikumvetsera kapena kutsegulira zinthu zotsegulira, gwiritsa ntchito mpata wa kuphunzira kumene ndalama zanu za msonkho zimapita, nzika ndi kuchirikiza chitaganya chanu kuti mukhale ndi moyo.

Kuti muŵerenge zambiri, onani Census Bureau ndi chidziŵitso cha zachuma cha kumaloko ndi League of City Fiscal Mamimes Report [1]