Kudzidza Kuchimbova Chii?

Kurava nokunyora izivo yehwaro inoita kuti vanhu vanzwisise kuti hurumende yavo inoshanda sei, kuti kodzero dzavo ndedzipi, uye kuti vanogona kutora rutivi sei mumuitiro wehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Kunopfuura kungoziva bedzi mapazi matatu ehurumende; kunobatanidza kunzwisisa Bumbiro remitemo, Bill of Rights, gadziriro yokuvhota, basa rehurumende dzomunzvimbomo nedzehurumende, uye maitiro emitemo yavose. Kunyora nokunyora kunobatanidzawo unyanzvi hwakadai sokufunga kwakakomba, kuongorora manyuko emashoko, uye kubatanidzwa muhurukuro dzavagari vemo. Pasina aya makwikwikwikwi, vagari vemo havana kushongedzerwa kufambisa nzvimbo dzezvamatongerwe enyika dzakaoma uye vangabva mumasangano chaiwo anodzora upenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva.

Pfungwa yokunyora nokunyora yakabva kuvaGiriki vekare, vaisimbisa kukosha kwevagari vemo vakadzidza kuti vave noutano hwakanaka . MuUnited States, vakatanga vakataura kuti republic yaigona kungorarama bedzi kudai vanhu vayo vaudzwa. Thomas Jefferson akanyora kuti, "Handizivi kuti hapana mutezo wakachengeteka wemasimba ese enzanga asi vanhu pachavo; uye kana tikafunga kuti havana kuvhenekerwa zvakakwana kuti vadzore nokungwarira, mushonga wacho haufaniri kuutora kwavari, asi kuti uvazivise kuchenjera kwavo." Chiono ichi chinoramba chichikosha nhasi sezvazvakanga zvakaita muzana remakore rechi18.

Kupararira kunokurumidza kwemashoko asiri echokwadi, kuderera kwemasangano, uye kuwedzera kuoma kwemitemo kuine chokuita nemamiriro okunze kugadziridza utano.

Kukosha Kwokudzidza

Nei munhu wose, pasinei nezera, basa, kana kuti matongerwe enyika, achifanira kuedza kuvandudza kurava nokunyora kwaanoita munzanga?

Simba uye Kuzvidzora

Apo unonzwisisa kuti hurumende inoshanda sei, unenge wava nenzvimbo iri nani yokuzvireverera iwe nenzanga yako. Somuenzaniso, kuziva nzira yokunyora nayo chikumbiro chezvinyorwa zvavose, kutaura pamusangano weguta, kana kuti kuti mutemo unobvumira sei kuva mutemo kupesvedzera zvisarudzo zvinotapura musha wako, chikoro chako, uye mhuri yako.

Kuzivisa Kunoziva

Sarudzo inzvimbo inosarurwa yehurumende inomirira hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Asi kuvhota pasina kunzwisisa nhau dzacho, nzvimbo dzavanoda kutevedzerwa, uye simba remipimo yeroti zvinogona kuva zvisingabetseri. Vavhoti vanonzvera nokugona kunyora, vanonzwisisa chimiro chehurumende yavo yomunzvimbomo, uye kunzwisisa zvinorehwa nezvirongwa zvehurumende yakaoma. Vangasakanganiswa nokukurudzira kana kuti kushambadzira kunotsausa.

Kuzvidavirira Nokutarisira

Mugari wemo ane ruzivo rwokuzviwanira icherekedzo yakanakisisa pasimba rehurumende. Apo vanhu vanonzwisisa mutoo wemari yokushandisa, basa ravaongorori vakuru, uye miitiro youtarisiri (zvakadai sokunzwa kwedare kana kuti matare makuru amatare), vanogona kuita kuti vakuru vakuru vehurumende vave nomutoro nokuda kwezviito zvavo. Kuoma uye kushandiswa zvisina kufanira kwesimba kazhinji kazhinji zvinokura murima; kurava nokunyora kwehurumende kunojekesa.

Kubatanidzwa Munzanga

Kuvimbisana kwechibvumirano kunopfuura kuvhota. Kunobatanidza kuzvipira nokuda kwemabhodhi nenzvimbo dzinoitirwa basa, kupinda misangano yehoro yomutaundi, kutora rutivi mumasangano evavakidzani, uye kushanda mumatare edare redare. Vanhu vanonzwisisa gadziriro nebasa rehurumende yavo yomunzvimbomo sezvingabvira zvikuru vachazviona vamene savadzivisi vengozi munguva yemberi yenzanga yavo. Ikoku kunotungamirira kuzvisungo zvenzanga zvakasimba zvikuru nenzanga dzinotsungirira zvikuru.

Kunzwisisa Marongerwo Akaitwa Hurumende

Hurumende dzehurumende dzinosarudzwa navanhu zhinjisa dzinogoverana gadziriro imwe cheteyo: kuparadzana kwamasimba pakati pamapazu matatu(anoparadza, anotonga, uye anotonga). MuUnited States, iyi tsika inorondedzerwazve noutongi, hunoparadzanisa simba pakati pehurumende yorudzi nehurumende dzenyika. Kunzwisisa ichi chimiro chinokosha nokuda kwokuziva kuti ndiani wokuonana pamusoro penhau yakati uye kuti zvisarudzo zvinoitwa sei.

Bazu Rine Vatungamiriri

Bazu guru rine mutoro wokusimbisa mitemo inopiwa nebazu romutemo. Pamwero wehurumende, inotungamirirwa naPurezidhendi, uyo anobatira savakuru vose venyika navakuru vehurumende. Masimba aPurezidhendi anobatanidza: kusaina kana kuti kuisa mutemo; kuraira masimba ane zvombo; kugadza vatongi vehurumende, mabhishopi edare, uye nhume; uye kuitisa mutemo wokumwe, kubatanidza zvibvumirano (netendero zvedare redare). Bazu revakuru vakuru vadzo rinobatanidzawo masangano makuru akafanana neDefense, Education, Health and Human Services, uye masangano akafanana neFederal Agency Protection Agency (EPA) neFiveral Agency (FB).

Purezidhendi anosarudzwa makore mana ari ose kupfurikidza neElectoral College, gadziriro iyo pane dzimwe nguva inoparira kupesana pakati pevhoti yakakurumbira nomuuyo. Mumakumi amakore achangobva kupfuura aya, miraidzo yavakuru vakuru yakabudiswa naPrezidhendi ane simba romutemo() yazova chishandiso chine simba chokuumba muitiro pasina mvumo yedare. Somuenzaniso, Purezidhendi Barack Obama’s Deferectal for Childhoovals (DACA) naPrezidhendi Donald Trump arambidzwa kufamba zvakatevedzerwa zvose zviri zviviri kupfurikidza nezvirevo. Nepo izvi zviratidzo zvichidzorwa kuhwirudzura, zvinoenzanisira chiremera chinokosha chinova nebazu guru.

Masangano akawanda ane madhipatimendi anotungamirira uye masangano anotarisira dzidzo, zvokufambisa, uye kuchengeteka kwevanhu.

Bazu Romutemo

Chikamu I cheGenestitution chinoisa simba rose romutemo muCongress, mutumbi webadamaral unoumbwa neImba yaVamiririri neDare. Imba ine mitezo 435, imwe neimwe inomirira ruwa rwemibatanidzwa yakarongwa navagari vemo; mitezo inobatira mashoko amakore maviri. Dare rine mitezo 100, miviri inobva munyika imwe neimwe, inobatira mirau yamakore matanhatu. Iyi yakanga iri kubvumirana panetevedzerwa pakati penyika huru neduku (Kubvumirana Kunaka kukuru kwa 1787) uye inovimbisa kuti vose vari vaviri chiverengero chavagari vemo nehurumende zvinomiririrwa mukuita pamutemo.

Basa guru reCongress nderokuita mitemo. Chisarudzo chinofanira kupfuura makamuri ose ari maviri muchimiro chakafanana ndokusainwa naPurezidhendi (kana kuti kupfuura neveto nevazhinji vaviri) kuva mutemo. Muitiro wemitemo wakaoma kunzwisisa: zvikwereti zvinonongedzerwa kumatare, kukurukurwa, kugadziridzwa, uye kuvhota. Matare akadai seHouse Ways neFretary Committee kana kuti Dare reDare reDare reDare reJodicary (8) ratidza basa rinokosha mukunatsa nokutungamirira bazi guru.

Vagari vemo vanogona kushandira pamwe nebazi remitemo nokuonana nevamiririri vavo nevatungamiriri vehurumende, vachipupurira pakutonga, kana kuti vachipindura panhambo dzavose nokuda kwemitemo inokarakadzwa.

Bazu Rokutonga

Bazu rinotonga rinodudzira mitemo uye rinovimbisa kuti riwirirane neBumbiro reMitemo. Pamwero womubatanidzwa, Dare Rapamusorosoro rinomira sedare rechisarudzo chokupedzisira. Pasi apa riri maDare 13 eZvikwiriso (matare eChikwiriso) uye 94 eDare Roruwa. Masangano edare ehurumende anoratidzira ichi chimiro, nematare amatare aitongwa, matare apakati, uye dare rapamusoro rehurumende.

Rimwe ramaturusi ane simba zvikurusa edare rinotonga hwirudzuro, rinoumba dare rokutonga, (81) simba rokuparadza mitemo kana kuti zviito zvokutungamirira zvinoputsa Bumbiro remitemo. Iri simba rakatangwa nenhau yenjizi yenjizi Marbury v. Madison [[FLT]] (180]] [1854]) yakaguma nokusarura dzinza muzvikoro zvavose; [FLT] v[FLT] [FLT] [5] [7]

Vatongi vehurumende, kubatanidza vatongi veDare Rapamusoro, vanosarudzwa naPurezidhendi ndokusimbiswa neDare. Vanobatira kugadza kwoupenyu hwose (pakuzviisa pasi pomufambiro wakanaka), uko kunovadzivirira padzvinyiriro yezvamatongerwe enyika uye kunovimbisa kuzvimirira kwokutonga. Vatongi vehurumende kazhinji kazhinji vanosarudzwa kana kuti kugadzwa kupfurikidza nemiitiro yakasiana, kuchitsamira pabumbiro remitemo rehurumende.

Mabasa eHurumende

Hurumende dziripo kuti dzigovere nhevedzano, chengeteko, uye zvinhu zvavose izvo musika usingagoni kugovera nenzira inobudirira.

  • [[FOL:0] Kuchengeta Mutemo neNhevedzo: Kupfurikidza namapurisa, matare, uye gadziriro dzokururamisa, hurumende inomanikidzira mitemo uye inodzivirira chengeteko yavose.
  • Kuzivisa Migwagwa yeRugare:[[FLT: 1] Mabhiriji, zvikoro zvavose, maraibhurari, mapaka, uye mabasa eutsanana anotsigirwa nemari uye anoshandiswa nehurumende pamwero yakasiana - siana.
  • Rusando Rwoupfumi Nokuwedzera:[[FLT: 1] Hurumende inodzora misika yemari, inodzora muitiro wemari (Federal Reserve), inogovera inishuwarenzi yokushaya basa, uye inoshandisa muitiro wemari kupesvedzera upfumi.
  • National Defense: Kudzivirira nyika patyisidziro dzokunze ibasa rehurumende guru, rinoitiswa neBato reNjodzi namasangano anobatana.
  • [ Sacutial Safety Net:[ Programs dzakadai seSocial Security, Medicare, Medicaid, uye yamuro yezvokudya zvinobetsera vanhu vasina dziviriro.
  • dziviriro yemagariro avanhu: namasangano ehurumende anogadza mipimo nokuda kwemhepo yakachena nemvura, anotarisira nyika dzavose, uye anogombedzera mitemo yemhoteredzo.

Iyi mibato inowanzogoveranwa pakati pehurumende dzehurumende dzehurumende nedzehurumende, gadziriro inozivikanwa se pheralist. Somuenzaniso, dzidzo inhau huru yehurumende neyomunzvimbomo, asi hurumende inogovera tsinga ndokuisa nhungamiro huru kupfurikidza nemitemo yakadai seAmwe Masangano Ense Exceeds Act (ESA). Masangano emasimba masimba anogona pane dzimwe nguva kuparira kuvhiringidzika, somuenzaniso, apo ngwavaira yomusikirwo, vagari vemo vangasaziva kana vaigona kukurukura neFEMA (kodheri) kana kuti sangano rokutarisira mamiriro ezvinhu enguva yapamberi.

Kugona kurava nokunyora kunobatsira vanhu kuti vakwanise kufamba munzvimbo idzi dziri pakati nepakati.

Kudzidza Nevaviri

Kunzwisisa marongerwo ehurumende uye basa zvawo kunongova hafu yehondo yacho. Kugona kurava nokunyora kwechokwadi kunoda kushandisa zivo iyoyo muupenyu hwezuva nezuva.Hedzi dzimwe nzira dzinoshanda dzokuita nadzo kuti vanhu vazive kuti vanhu vakadzidza:

  • Varipo musarudzo iri yose (hakusi makore apurezidhendi chete, asi apakati, nguva huru, nzvimbo inogarwa, uye sarudzo dzechikoro. Zvisarudzo zvinokosha zvakawanda zvinoitwa pamwero womunzvimbomo.
  • Kurukurirana navamiriri vako vakasarudzwa pamusoro penhau dzaunoitira hanya pamusoro padzo. Imwe inosanonzverwa, email inofungwa kana kuti runhare inogona kuva netapuro.
  • Misangano yavose yapamuzinda wenyu, komishoni yeruwa, kana kuti dare rechikoro. iyi misangano inowanzozarukira vanhu uye inogovera nzwisiso pamusoro pokuti zvisarudzo zvomunzvimbomo zvinoitwa sei.
  • Kubatira padare rinobetsera vatongi parinodanwa. Basa reJury inzira yakananga yokutora rutivi mugadziriro yokutonga uye kuva nechokwadi chekutongwa kwakarurama.
  • Gara wakaziviswa kupfurikidza nokurava manyuko akawanda enhau, kunzvera mawebsite ehurumende epamutemo (se USA.gov), uye kushandisa dzimwe nhungamiro dzakadai se [[FLT:]Vote411.org kubva kuLeague of Women Voters.

Zvinetso Zvokudzidza

Pasinei nokuti kurava nokunyora kunokosha, vanhu vomuUnited States uye pasi pose vanosangana nezvipingamupinyi zvinokosha.

  • Mikaha yedzidzo: Zvikoro zvizhinji zvakaderedza dzidzo yevagari vemo. Nzvero 2020 neAnntenberg Public Policy Center yakawana kuti inenge hafu bedzi yavakuru veAmerica vaigona kududza mapazi ose matatu ehurumende. Mipimo yehurumende yevagari vemo inosi inosiyana zvikuru, uye vadzidzisi vazhinji havana rovedzo kana kuti zvishandiso zvokudzidzisa nhau yacho nenzira inobudirira.
  • MISformation neDisformation:[ Nhepfenyuro dzenzanga namanyuko enhau anowanzoparadzira mashoko enhema kana kuti anotsausa pamusoro pomuitiro wehurumende, kuvhota, uye muitiro. Ikoku kunoderedza mano avagari vemo okuita zvisarudzo zvakaziviswa.
  • Kutsiva: Mugariro wazvino uno wewirirano mukuru uye wakaoma. Kunzwisisa bhajeti yehurumende, bumbiro remitero, kana kuti muitiro wokutarisira utano unoda nhamburiko yokuti vanhu vazhinji havadi kana kuti havakwanisi kuisa mari.
  • [[FLT: 0] Tsika neChitsoropodzi:[[FLT: 1] Vamwe vagari vemo vanodavira kuti inzwi ravo harina basa kana kuti hurumende yakashata nenzira yomuzvarirwo. Ikoku kunogona kutungamirira kukurasha, uko kunobvisazve kuzvidavirira.
  • Language and Authority Barriers: Vakurukuri vechiNgezi vasiri varapi, vanhu vakaremara, uye avo vasina mukana wakakwana weInternet vangapararira kuwana kana kuti kunzwisisa mashoko ehurumende.

Kuvandudza Kwaungaita Kudzidza

Kugadzirisa zvinetso izvi kunoda nzira inobatanidza vadzidzisi, vatungamiriri venzanga, masangano ezvinobudisa nhau, uye vagari vemo pachavo. Hedzino dzimwe nzira dzinoshanda:

Simbisa K - 12) dzidzo

Zvikoro zvinofanira kubata vagari vemo senhau huru, pamwe chete nenhamba nokurava. Curcula inofanira kubatanidza mativi okudzidza, zvakadai sasarudzo dzenhema, zvikamu zvemitemo zvinotevedzerwa, uye nzendo dzebasa kuzvivako zvehurumende. Masangano akadai se (akavakwa neyaichimbova Mutongi weSupreme Court Sandra Day O’Connor) anogovera pachena, kubatanidzwa mitambo nezvirongwa zvefundo. Pakoreji, masangano anogona kukumbira kosi yezvisarudzo zvehurumende.

Tsigirai Kurava Nokunyora Nemashoko

Kunyora nokunyora zvinobudiswa zvinofambidzana. Vagari vanofanira kuziva kuti vangayera sei kuvimbika kwemanyuko enhau, kuziva rusaruro, uye kuongorora mashoko. Zvirongwa zvakafanana ne Public Policy Center[ zvinopa zvinhu panhau idzi. Maraibhurari nenzvimbo dzenzanga zvinogona kuisa nzvimbo dzokushandira panzvimbo dzinoitirwa mashoko asina kururama uye pachishandiswa mawebsite ehurumende.

Kurudzira Kubatanidzwa Kwenzanga Isiri Yakapinzwa

Masangano omunzvimbomo .N. yakadai seChinzwano chaVakadzi Voters, YMCA, uye makirabhu eRotary(makirabhu) akabatanidza asingatori ganda, kurukurirano dzedaviri, uye zvirongwa zvenzira yokukwirira nayo nzvimbo. Izvi zvinoitika zvinovaka unyanzvi hwenzanga uye zvinosimudzira pfungwa yenzanga.

Ruzivo Rwezvinhu Nezvizivikanwo Zvakazaruka

Hurumende dzinogona kuvandudza kurava mashoko paIndaneti nokuaita kuti asvike nyore nyore. Maguta akawanda ava kubudisa mabhajeti awo, masangano adzo, uye mapepa okuvhota pamahofisi emashoko akavhurika.

Kudzidza Muenzaniso Woupenyu Hwose

Kunyora nokunyora hakusi chinhu chinoitwa kwenguva imwe chete. Vakuru vanofanira kupfuurira kudzidza pamusoro pemitemo mitsva, zvisarudzo zvedare, uye chinjo dzemiitiro. Kuzviisa kumapepanhau asina mativi, kupinda magweta, uye kukurukura zvinoitika zvazvino nemhuri neshamwari miitiro yakapfava iyo inochengeta nokukudza zivo yenzanga.

mhedziso

Kurava nokunyora kunokosha zvikuru muhurumende ine utano. Apo vanhu vanonzwisisa chimiro chehurumende yavo nemabasa, vanopiwa simba rokutora rutivi, kuzvidavirira, uye kuumba mitemo inotapura upenyu hwavo. Sezvakanyevera Thomas Jefferson, chengeteko yehurumende inotsamira paruzivo rwehurumende yakarovedzeka. Zvinetso zvenhema, kuoma kwesangano, uye kuregeredza dzidzo zvinoita kuti kudzidza kwevagari vemo kuringana zvikuru kupfuura nakare kose. Kutanga kufunda dzidzo yehurumende pamwero uri wose (kubva kumakirasi kuenda kunzvimbo dzokugara kwenzanga kusvika kudzimba dzenzanga). Sangano rehurumende yehurumende inova nemhindedzero, uye inosimba. Nguva yemberi yedemocracy inova pasimba redu rokunzwisisa nokutsigira nheyo dzinokutsigira.