Table of Contents

Hwaro Hwoutongi Hune Nhamburiko Huzhinji

MuUnited States, kukamukana kwamasimba pakati pehurumende dzomunzvimbomo, dzehurumende, uye dzehurumende idivi rinorondedzera rutivi rwegadziriro yehurumende. Bumbiro remitemo rinopa masimba akananga anorongwa kuhurumende yehurumende apo rinenge richichengeta yasara kunyika. Hurumende dzomunharaunda, sezvisikwa zvehurumende, dzinowana chiremera chadzo kubva kumabumbiro enyika nemiraudzo. Iyi purogiramu yakavharwa yakagadzirwa kudzikamisa chinzwano chenyika nenzvimbo inogarwa, ichibvumira nzanga kukurukura nhau dzinobatwa zvakanakisisa pamwero wakakodzera zvikurusa. Zvisinei, nhau dzenzanga dzinonyanyokosha zvikuru (* kushambadzira kubva kuzvokushambidzika kumugariro woutano wavose) zvinokwakakodzera zvakanaka mukati bhokisi rimwe. Chinetsono chinobudirira chinoda kuti, tsinhirane pamwero yose mitaro mitaro mitatu yehurumende. Iyi inonzvera sei mugariro womunzvimbomo, uye masangano ose ari mubatanidzwa pamwe chete nokuda kweidzo dzamagariro dzenzanga.

Hurumende Dzomunzvimbomo – Musiyano Webasa Renzanga

Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo ndidzo dziri pedyosa navagari vemo uye kazhinji kazhinji dzinotanga kusangana nenhau dzinomuka. Dzinobatanidza zviverengero, maruwa (maguta, misha), mataundikishi, maruwa echikoro, uye maruwa chaiwo ane zvinangwa (mutoo, zviremera zvemvura, zviremera zvokufambisa). Mitoro yazvo inobatanidza rutivi rwuri rwose rwoupenyu hwezuva nezuva.

Masangano uye Chiremera Chokutungamirira

[[FLT: 0] Kukotsekana kwepanyika ibasa guru romunzvimbomo: mapurisa namadhipatimendi omwoto anoshanda pamwero wenyika kana kuti nyika. Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinotarisirawo [ kuvaka uye kushandisa nzvimbo, kusarudza uko misha, mabhizimisi, uye maindasitiri anogona kuva. Anoita kuti migwagwa yenzvimbo yacho, mapaki, uye mabutiro emvura netsvina zvishayeve. . [FLT:]] [FLT]] [[FLT]]]

Kubatanidzwa Kwenzanga Nezvipfeko Zvokupa Zvokudya

Hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinoshandisa miitiro se misangano yehoro yeguta, dare ravose, uye vagari vemo vadzokorore mapuraidhi okuunganidza mubatanidzwa. Maguta akawanda zvino anoshandisa maplatifomu paIndaneti nokuda kwemari yokupa migove, umo vagari vanovhota kuti varonge seinoronge chikamu chemari yemanisiparati. Uku kubetsera vakuru vakuru vomunzvimbomo kuziva zvinodikanwa zvokukurumidzira, zvakadai senzvimbo dzine ngozi kana kushaikwa kwedzimba dzinodhura(* uye kupindura nezvigadziso zvinogadzirirwa.

Matambudziko Ari Munzvimbo Yacho

Pasinei zvapo nokuva pedyo kwazvo nezvinetso, hurumende dzomunzvimbomo dzinowanzorwisana ne mitemo yemari (mitero yakafanira, mitero yokutengesa) uye kusakwanisa kukurukura nhau dzinopfuura miganhu yedzosero yemhepo, seshatiso yemhepo kana kuti yezvifambiso. Dzinotarisanawo nedzinopesana ne mitemo yemari yemari [[FLT]]] . [_FLT]]

Mienzaniso Yechiito Chomunzvimbomo

  • [ Kuvandudza [ kuwedzera ukuru hwedzimba nokukwanisa.
  • [[[FMT:0] zvirongwa zvemapurisa zvechitsotsi zvinovaka chivimbo pakati pokuchengetwa kwomutemo navagari vemo.
  • zvirongwa zvemamiriro okunze enzvimbo yepedyo zvinoderedza kubudiswa kwemhepo kuburikidza nebumbiro remitemo rokuvaka uye zvinonyandura simba zvinomutsidzirwa.
  • [ Kudzidzira kupindura kwakanangana pakati pomoto, mapurisa, uye madhipatimendi eEMS.

Hurumende Dzehurumende – Varevereri Nevavavaki Vacho

Hurumende dzinoshanda pakati pemwero yomunzvimbomo neyehurumende. dzine chiremera chinokosha chebumbiro remitemo, kubatanidza masimba emapurisa (mano okudzora utano, chengeteko, uye garikano).

Kutungamirira Kwemitemo Nemitemo

Masangano anogadza mipimo yedzidzo, , code youmbishi , [[FLT]] , [[FLT]] mirau yendangariro [[[FLT:]] miraudzo yemitemo yevhu [[FLT]] [[FLT]], (namumumubatanidzwa wehurumende minumhove), uye [[FLT]] miganhu youtano yezvoutano [[FLT]] miganhuro yemitengo yemitengo yehurumende [[FLT]]. Somuenzaniso, zvinosarudza mwero, mipimo yeMidhina yemipidhidi inoita kuti ishasaro, uye inodzo inodzo inodzo inodzosanwa yeinishuwa.

Kushandisa Mari uye Kupindira

Hurumende dzinopinza mari yehurumende pasi ndokukwidza mari yadzo dzimene (mutero unotambirwa, mutero, mitero) kuti dziparadzire kumasangano omunzvimbomo kupfurikidza ne grants-in-aid, ] kugoverana [, uye [[FLT]] migove inosimudzirwa [. Somuenzaniso, madhipatimendi okufambisa anoisa mari yemugwagwa kumabasa omunzvimbomo. Masangano ehurumende ekurumidziro anogamuchira ndokua kuvarambira nokuda kwenjodzi. Uku kumhanya kwemari iyi igadziriro yokutanga yeyatiro yeyati yeyati yeyati interugtion.

Kuronga uye Betsero Younyanzvi

Nyika dzinowanzotanga dare rokuronga rehurumende dzinobatanidza hurumende dzakawanda dzomunzvimbomo kuzokurukura nhau dzakadai sokuronga mukoto, kutarisirwa kwetsvina yakasimba, kana kuti dziviriro yakabviswa. Masangano ehurumende anogovera rovedzo nokuda kwavakuru vakuru vomunzvimbomo panhau dzakadai sokupa kubvumira, mitemo yezvinyorwa zvavose, uye migariro yehurumende inobatira se dzimbahwe rokubatira, kuendesa mibato yeNational Guard, zvikwata zvoutano, uye migove yekurumidziro.

  • Sango romugwagwa unotenderera [ inobatira pamwe namapurisa omunzvimbomo mukati mezvinoitika zvikuru.
  • [ Madhipatimendi eruwa edzidzo anotarisira gadziriro dzokunzvera nepo achibvumira kuchinjika kwezvidzidzo zvomunzvimbomo.
  • [ Madhipatimendi outano eruwa anoitisa zvirwere kunzvera uye anodzora nhimbe dzenhomba mumativi ose.

Federal Government – Mushandi pamwe Nevezera Ramakuru

Hurumende yehurumende inogovera nhungamiro yemitemo inonyanyodzora, mipimo yenyika, uye pfuma yemari yakawanda. masimba ayo anorongwa asi akakura kupfurikidza nedudziro yebumbiro remitemo, zvikurukuru kupfurikidza neChommerce Claus neSal Place Claus.

Mabhuku Ane Simba uye Mipimo yeNyika

Mitemo inogadza dziviriro dzinoshanda munyika yose: Specured Air Act, Savil Mvura yokunwa (, [] Americans neChiratiko cheUrema, [[FLT]]] Mwana Arech Serve [ (uye mutsivi wayo] Muteveri wayo Muteveri ] Mutengi ari wose anowirirana namasangano, uye [FLT:]] Act Act [[FLD]]]] Act.[FLT]]

Ronga Purogiramu Sematurusi Anopfupikisa

Chishandiso chezvemari chikurusa nokuda kwebatira pamwe yehurumende ndi mari inopa. Commony Development Meam Grant [CDBG] programu yemari inogovera mari yakapfava kuhurumende dzomunzvimbomo nokuda kwedzimba, mibato, uye kukura kwezvemari. [[FLT:]] [[FLT]] [[FLT]]MED [ ipurogiramu yesomubatanidzwa yemubatanidzwa yesangano renyika iyo inobatanidzawo madhipatimendiro omunzvimbomo outano nezvipatarati. Fater Administration Administration marogiramu ezvirongwa zvokufambisa zvinhu zvomunharaunda yomunzvimbomo. [FFT]FM]FFF:FF] inopa MP] uye inopa tsigiro yemigariro yehurumende yomunzvimbomo yomunzvimbomo.

Kutsvakurudza, Mashoko, uye Mitemo Younyanzvi

Masangano eFoderal anoita masangano anokosha anoronga mashoko (umh., Censureau, Bureau of Labor Statistics) ayo anotaura uye mashandisiro enzvimbo nokuda kwokuronga. U.S.Geological Survey[ mepu dzenjodzi dzinoitika dzemafashamo; [[[FLT:]] NAMU][FLT][FLT]]][FLT]]] A nogovera mapepa emamiriro okunze enzvimbo yengozi nokuda kwekutarisirwa kwekurumidziro; inoderedza mamiriro ezvinhu echisarusarudzo [[FLT:]]]

Mienzaniso yeMasangano eFederal-Maruwa

  • National Response Framework (NRF) inoratidzira kuti hurumende dzomunzvimbomo, hurumende, uye dzehurumende dzinoronga sei mukati memigariro yakakomba. FEMA inotungamirira tsigiro yehurumende asi inoshanda namasangano anotarisira mamiriro ezvinhu ekurumidziro ehurumende kuti asvike vapinduri vomunzvimbomo.
  • Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) inoshanda namaDOT ehurumende kuronga nokupa mari mumigwagwa yemari neyomunzvimbomo, kazhinji kazhinji kupfurikidza nezvibvumirano zvemasangano okuronga (MPO).
  • Dhipatimendi reNzvimbo neUrban Development (HUD) vasonganiri nezviremera zvedzimba zvavose zvomunzvimbomo uye masangano ezvemari yedzimba kuti ape rubatsiro rwerendi nepurogiramu dzedzimba dzinodhura.

Michina Yemasangano Ehurumende Akabatana

Kuti zvibudirire, hurumende dzinoshandisa nzira dzadzo dzokuronga nadzo mabasa adzo.

Grants-Aid neProgramu

Magirazi anoramba ari mutoo wakapararira zvikurusa. Anouya muzvimiro zvikuru zviviri: zvinopa zvipo [, zvine zvinangwa chaizvo (mutoo, kugadzirwa kwechinorashwa kwemvura), uye [[FLT:]] migove inopa kuchinjika kwakafara (g., Community Development Development, rePrefy Families). Masangano nenzvimbo dzinofanira kazhinji kazhinji kugovera [[FLT:] mari inopa kuzvipira uye kugovera njodzi. [FLT:]

Zvibvumirano Zvehurumende Zvinopindirana Nezvibvumirano

Macompacts eIntertate anobvumira nyika kutarisira pamwe chete zvinhu zvinogoveranwa (g., Colorado River Compact). Zvibvumirano zvenzvimbo yazvo[ zvinogonesa masangano ari pedyo kuisa zviwimo zvemibato yakadai sokutumira nguva yapamberi, kuunganidza marara, kana kuti mabasa eraibhurari. [FLT:] Memoranda yeUTCRC (MHOUS) pakati pehurumende nehurumende inojekesa mabasa ehurumende mukati . Somuenzaniso, basa reSanichataro nero yemapadhi remapurisa rinowanzo kusaina MOU yebasa rebasa rokutengesa mirimo yemirimo yemirimo kana kuti kombiyuta.

Kuronga Kwomubatanidzwa Nemitumbi Yenharaunda

Meditropolitan Planning Organizations [[FT:1] dzinounganidza hurumende dzomunzvimbomo, DOTS, uye masangano okufambisa ehurumende kuti aronge kuisa mari yokufambisa munharaunda dzomumaguta. .'Masangano eruwa okuronga [ enhau dzakafanana nokukura, kusakwanisa kushanda, kana kuti dzimba dzinosanganisira vamiririri vanobva kuhurumende dzomunzvimbomo, zvirongwa zvisingapinduri puro, uye masangano ehurumende kuti ashande mumiitiro. [[FLT:]

Kugoverana Mashoko Nemanese okushandisa

Hurumende dzinoshandisa nenzira inowedzera [[[FLT: 0] mibatanidzwa yemazita yakaiswa kugoverana mashoko mumativi ose nemwero. Somuenzaniso, kutsinhana mashoko ehurumende ezvoutano (HIES) zvinobvumira zvipatara zvomunzvimbomo nenzvimbo dzehurumende kuti zvigoverane mashoko omurwere. Fusion Centers .] .

Nzvero Dzakakomba Mukutonga Kwakaisvonaka

Kuongorora mienzaniso yenyika chaiyo kunoratidza zvose simba uye ngozi dzokushandira pamwe kwehurumende.

Fundo Yechakaitika 1: Response - Hurricane Sandy (202)

Apo Hurricane Sandy yakarovanya Northern East, hurumende dzomunzvimbomo muNew York, New Jersey, uye Connecticut dzakaita nzvimbo dzavo dzekurumidziro. Nyika dzakakumbira zviziviso zvehurumende uye mapoka eNational Guards. FEMA yapindura nezviwanikwa, rubatsiro rwedzimba, uye mabasa avose anopa. FMA-Paratical system[[[FLT:]] yakaoma nemira mativi echino aidzorwa nemitemo yeidzoro yechakaitika, mazana ezviverengero, ezvikamu zvakatozo. Pashure pekushanda kwakasimbisa kudikanwa kwe [[FLT:] [FLT] [FFF:3] uye [FLD] .[FFF]

Fundo Yechinoitika 2: Chinetso cheOpioid – Kushanda Noutano Hwavose Nomutemo

Denda reFijoini rinoratidza kubatira pamwe kwemitengo mizhinji. Kuchengetwa kwomutemo womunzvimbomo namadhipatimendi outano zvakaitwa .naloxone purogiramu dzokuparadzira uye zviitiko zvinodzongonyedzwa. Hurumende dzakakudziridza [. [[FLT] .] , dzinopa [[FLT] Programmes] Programmes [PFF:5] uye dzinotanga nhanho dzokushandisa gadziriro dzoutano dzomunzvimbomo. Hurumende inogoverwa kupfurikidza napakati pezvibvumirano [FFFF:6] [FFF:]]

Kudzidza nyaya 3: Kufambisa uye Kuchengetedza Mabasa (2021)

Imbasa dzeIFRAclaise Information and Jobs Act (IJA) yakagovera mazana amabhiriyoni kuti aendei uye nzvimbo nokuda kwemigwagwa, mabhiriji, kufambiswa, uye kubhanwa kwakafara. Kupa chisakiso kunotsamira pacheni yehurumende yakaoma: [ masangano eFLT] [[FLT]] [[FLT]] [[FLT]] [[FLT]] zvinokuvandudza Hurumende yoRunguriro Mugadziro mukuru [[idzo yomugwagwa] [[FF]] apo wiriranwa rinopa mamiriro ezvinhu akarongwa.[FON] [5] [5]

Zvinetso Zvinoramba Zvichivapo Pakushanda Kwakawanda Kwemaoresa

Pasinei zvapo nemaitiro akawanda, kushandira pamwe kwehurumende kunotarisana nezvipingamupinyi zvinodzokororwa zvinoverengeka.

Kuoma Kwepfungwa Nemitoro Yokutarisira

Mitengo yakasiana - siana ine mitemo yokuwana, mipimo yetsanga, uye kushuma zvinodikanwa. Hurumende yomunzvimbomo inogamuchira mupiro wehurumende ingada kuwirirana ne Uniform Administration for Federal Grants (CFR Part 200), mitemo yekoshi yehurumende, uye miitiro yokunzvera yomunzvimbomo. Iyi mitoo mizhinjisaidzo inogona kutungamirira ku kuvhozhozhokesa pakati penzanga duku dzinoshaiwa vashandisi vemari vakatsaumbidzwa. Muuyo ndewokuti mari yomubatanidzwa inowanzoyerera kumitengo nero yezvidzo yetengo zviripo, kukwira kukwira.

Kusiyana Kwezvinhu uye Kuisa Zvinhu Zvokutanga Panzvimbo Yazvo

Makwikwi okushandisa mari anoparira kusawirirana. Somuenzaniso, nepo hurumende yehurumende ingaisa bhacki negadziriro dzemibato yemombe , nzvimbo yomumaruwa ine migwagwa isina kugadzirwa ingaona kuti sezvisina basa. Hurumende ingaganhurira hurumende dzomunzvimbomo pakukwidza mitero yakati (muchib., kupfurikidza nemitemo inodzikwanisira), kuganhurira mano omunzvimbomo okuwiriranisa mipiro yehurumende. Mirayiro yehurumende yose iri miviri nemwe mwero inoisa mutengo pamitengo yakaderera pasina kuperekedza mari, inoparira pfundero neisino.

Kuparadzaniswa Kwezvamatongerwe Enyika Nekutonga

Kuparadzana kwezvamatongerwe enyika kunogona kudzivisa kushanda pamwe chete. Zvinetso zveRevicial kudzorwa kwemitengo yakasiana - siana. Nhaka yeTSV] pakati pamapurisa omunzvimbomo namasangano ehurumende (g., ICE, FBI) zvinogona kudzivisa mabasa ezvimwe. Zvinetso zveReajial kusunungura jastition . zvakadai semhosva dzehurumende dzinorwisana nemitemo yeEPA(*) kusava nechokwadi nokunonoka. Mukuwedzera, nhambawo yomunzvimbomo (vanopfuura 90 000 muU.S.) inoita kuti chiito chinotsinhiraniswa chive chakaoma zvikuru.

Kukurukurirana Nemashoko Silos

Pasinei zvapo nefambiro mberi dzoruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu, kurukurirano pakati pamasangano pamwero yakasiana inoramba iri yakaoma. Misiyano yemitauro (sezvinei, masangano ehurumende anoshandisa mashoko asina kurovedzeka kuvakuru vakuru vomunzvimbomo), gadziriro dzemibatanidzwa yemibatanidzwa yenhau dzisingawirirani, uye kuitira hanya pamusoro pokuva woga uye kukanganisa mashoko ose anodzivisa kugoverana. Somuenzaniso, pashure pokupfura kukuru, mishumo inotarisirwa inowanzodudza kukundikana kwemapurisa omunzvimbomo namasangano esangano akachenjera kugoverana mashoko ane chokuita netyisidziro nomutoo wakakodzera nguva.

Zvirongwa Zvokusimbisa Kubatana Kwehurumende

Zvichitsamira pazvidzidzo zvinobva muzvose zviri zviviri kubudirira nokukundikana, zvirongwa zvinoverengeka zvakabvumikisa kuva zvinobudirira mukuvandudza batira pamwe yakaderera zvikuru.

Ita Gadziriro Dzomuitiro Dzokuronga

Kugadzira matare ehurumende kana kuti hofisi dzemahofisi dzinogona kuderedza rudzi rwehoc hoc replaces. Somuenzaniso, hurumende dzakawanda dzine [[FLT] Office-Federal retional [[FLT:] Office yakatsaurirwa kugovera nhau nerwisano. [[FLT:] Countact] Maganils of Government (OG)[FLT] [5] [5] inogovera nzvimbo yehurumende yomunzvimbomo kusangana nguva dzose nokuwirirana. pamwerororo. [FOT]

Zvinodikanwa Zvinogovera Nokuwedzera

Hurumende dzehurumende nedzehurumende dzinogona kubvumira zvirongwa kupa zvirongwa, zvimiro [, uye kubvumira mari inodzoreka [[ (kubatanidza nzizi zhinji dzinopa basa rimwe). Kuumba America Bureaunt[ paDOT inopa chitoro chimwe chokushandisa nokuda kwechikamu chemari inotambirwa mari inotambirwa. Masangano anogona kutora mabumbiro akafanana ezvinodikanwa zvomubatanidzwa, kuderedza kushatsatsa. [[FTP]]

Rovedza Mari Muzvinhu Zvinotaurwa Nevamwe

Mitemo inoshanda isimba renhamba. Mitengo mu mibatanidzwa yemibatanidzwa yematai enhau munyika yose nokuda kwoutano, dzidzo, uye mabasa avanhu(kushandisa makombiyuta enhau anodiwa (g., HL7, NIEM).(ficiliatictics nerecureating. masero echisaitiso mumibato yekurumidziro yengozi inobatanidza nzvimbo dzomunzvimbomo, nyika, uye vashandi vehurumende vanoita mapikichaidhiro. [[FLT:]] maPUP] anobvumira masangano ose okufambisa kuona nguva chaiyo.

Kurovedza Majoini Nokurovedza Muviri

Purogiramu dzokurovedza dzinosimudzira kunzwisisana. Homeland Security Execsion and Suption Program (HNOB) dzinogovera gadziriro yemipimo mizhinji. program yemifungo yevhuro ([FLT]]] yeguta [EMLT]] ibvumidza gadziriro yokupedza nguva panzvimbo yeDOT kana kuti hofisi ye EPA] kuvaka, kuvaka uye kuziva. [[FLT:]]

Kuvaka Unyanzvi Munzanga Dzakachengetwa

Kuvimbisa kuti kubatira pamwe kunobetsera munhu ari wose, inodaro hurumende yehurumende inofanira kutsigira [[FLT: 0] . nokuda kwemiganhu miduku kana kuti yomumaruwa. . . [G.g., Environmental Programmes [[FLT:]] , Communication Program [[FL]] program yekupa, uye kudzora.[FLT]

mhedziso

Mano ehurumende dzomunzvimbomo, hurumende, uye dzehurumende kubatira pamwe nenzira inobudirira haasati ari chinhu choumbozha asi chinodikanwa. Apo inoshanda pamwe chete kupfurikidza nezvipo, zvirongwa, zvirongwa, zvirongwa, uye mashoko anogoveranwa.(zvinogona kubata nhau dzakaoma idzo dzisina mwero mumwe chete unogona kupedza. Zvisinei, kuyanana kunofanira kuva kwemaune uye kutsigirwa zvakanaka. Nokuisa mari mumiitiro inofambiswa pamwe chete, zvivako zvinogoveranwa, uye chivako chebasa, vagadziri vemitemo vanogona kuparira gadziriro inochinjika zvikuru uye inochinjika zvikuru yemitengo yemite yemitezo yakawanda. Mibatanidzwa iri muAmerica yose inobetserwa kana mibatanidzwa yehurumende isati inoshanda semibatanidzwa yakabatana sechinangwa chakafanana: kuvandudza upenyu hwevanhu vavanobatira.