Bazu guru, panzvimbo pokuva mushandisi wechido chesangano rinodzorwa, rinobatira somutyairi mukuru wezvirongwa zvemitemo zvorudzi. Chikamu I chezvikamu zvemitemo zveBumbiro reMitemo muCongress, Chikamu II chinosimbisa simba raPurezidhendi anoshandisa midziyo yakawanda kuumba, kusimudzira, uye kunyange kudzikamisa kuumbwa kwemitemo yehurumende. Kunzwisisa iyi yezvokubatanidza zvinokosha kunzwisisa mufananidzo wakazara wehurumende yeAmerica. Chikamu ichi chinobva padanho chiri chose chegadziriro, kubva pakurongwa kwepurogiramu kusvikira kukuitwa kwokupedzisira kwemitemo, kusingabatanidzisi Purezidhendi chete asi chishandiso chikuru chokutarisira icho chinobatanidza Mutungamiriri wehurumende, Campliter, Compliter, masangano ezvoumbiast.

Kushandiswa kweBumbiro reMitemo nokuda Kwepesvedzero Yakananga

Fandesheni yepesvedzero yechiremera inoiswa mu Article II yeBumbiro reMitemo reU.S.. Paichipa simba guru muPurezidhendi, inogoverawo mibato yakananga yokufambidzana nebazu rewirirano. Sangano rePurezidhendi rinoda kuti Purezidhendi ave nechokwadi chokuti mitemo inoparadzwa nenzira yokutendeka, kupa vatungamiriri vebazu chisarudzo chinokosha mumaturikiro anoturikirwa nokushandiswa. Iyi mitoo ipesvedzero ine simba yepashure.

Bumbiro reMitemo rinopawo Purezidhendi zvakananga maturusi okutora rutivi mumuitiro wemitemo. State of the Union inoraira kuti Purezidhendi panguva nenguva acharumbidza matanho akadai saPrezidhendi avatongi vari madikanwa uye vanoshanda. Ikoku kwakashanduka kuva kero huru yegore negore apo utarisi hunoisa mitemo yahwo pakutanga kwegore. Simba remitemo rakarongwa muChikamu I asi chinoshandiswa naPrezidhendi, ndicho chinenge chiri chekunzvera kwakananga zvikurusa pasimba resangano, kuchibvumira mukuru mukuru mukuru kurasha kuramba mutemo zvakananga. Iyi fandesheni inoumba Purezidhendi wemitemo kwete somutarisiriwo zvake wemitemo, asi se Agaratimendi ye [FFLD] [FU.]

State of the Union seLegislative Registpad

State of the Union inzvimbo yokutanga kuti Purezidhendi aumbe zvirongwa zvemitemo yenyika. Inoraira ngwariro yeCongress yose, Dare Rapamusorosoro, uye vateereri veterevhizheni yenyika. Zvikarakadzo zvemitemo zvakati, kubva kudivi redzidzo dzokuchinja vanhu, zvinowanzosimudzirwa kana kuti kusimbiswa pano. Kero yacho inobatira chinangwa chimwe chemativi maviri: inopa zviratidzo kuCongress izvo utarisiri hunorangarira kuva chinhu chokutanga, uye inopa tsigiro yavose kuvakuru vemitemo kuti vaite chiito. Chipomende chemitemo chePrezidhente chinokwanisa kuronga nhau dzemitemo ndokuronga mitero yemitengo yenhau inoisa mifungo yegore rezvamatongerwe enyika riri kuuya, ichimanikidza kuti ipindukire kunyange kana mhinduro yacho iri chishoro.

Simba Renyuto Sechinhu Chinokosha Chinobatsira

Vtito chishandiso chinotyisa zvikurusa chemitemo. Isimba rakaipa, asi kuvapo kwaro kunoumba mufambiro weCongress. Kuziva Mutungamiriri wenyika anoda kunyora mutezo, vaiti vemitemo vanofanira kuita mutemo unogona kuchengetedza siginicha yaPrezidhendi kana kuti kuunganidza voruzhinji vane mativi maviri okukunda mativi emitemo. Kune marudzi anoverengeka evetos: zvinoto, zvinoti, chikwama (zvinoitika apo Congress Congress arveurs arrences, zvinoringaidza zvinobudirira kuuraya pasina shoko repamutemo), uye zvinowedzera kushandiswa [[FLG.[FLD:0] [[FLD:]]. Kusainwa bhishooti, kusabvumira mutepfekero, kuisa mutemo kuti vasaidzeidzei, varadzi vomutemo kuti vasaidzeidzei, vairoverere mberi kumite basa ravo nenzira inoita kuti vashande mutoongedzero.

Masimba Avakuru vehurumende muArena yoMutemo

Kupfuura pajeri, Purezidhendi ane musengwa wezvishandiso zvine simba zvinopesvedzera zvakananga kugadzirwa nokuitwa kwemitemo.Aya maturusi anobvumira bazu guru kuita nenzira yokuzvimirira paDare, kuchenesa vavariro yomutemo, uye kunyange kuita muitiro mukusava nomutemo mutsva.

Nhevedzo Dzine Vatungamiriri Nechiito Chisiri Chokushanda

Miraidzo inopiwa naPrezidhendi anotarisira mabasa ehurumende yehurumende. Vane simba romutemo wemasangano anotungamirira uye imotokari yokutanga nokuda kwechiito chisati chiri chenyika. Mutungamiriri wehurumende anogona kushandisa murairo wehurumende kutungamirira sangano kuti riise nharidzano yakananga yemitemo, zvakadai sedziviriro yemhoteredzo kana kuti kudzorwa, kubudirira kusvika zvinangwa zvemitemo pasina mutemo mutsva. Somuenzaniso, Purezidhendi Obama akabudisa [[FL:0] Acted Action for Childhoous (DACA) murairo wokudzivirira vatamiki vasina kubudiswa pashure peProfesa rekuchinja vashamba. Nepo kazhinji kazhinji, zviratiso zvedare rinobvumira Purezidenti kuti aendese, zvimwe kumanikidza, kushandura, kana kuti kudzosera mutemo mutsva.

Dhipatimendi raPurezidhendi Nesimba Rechitengo

Chikumbiro chemari yegore negore chemari yokushandisa kuCongress igwaro remitemo rezvomutemo rinoisa zvinhu zvinokosha zvehurumende yehurumende. Nepo Congress isingasungirwi kushandisa bhajeti, inobatira sechiratidzo chine simba uye nzvimbo yokutanga yekurukurirano. Office yeBated and Drug (OMB) [FLM] inoshanda nemasangano ehurumende kuronga mari inorongwa, kushandura zvipikirwa zvaPresidente kuti zvive mwero chaiyo yemari inodzivirira, dzidzo, purofiti, uye mamwe mapurogiramu. Zvichimbo zvinoderedza kugadziriro uye kuwedzera urongwa kuvamwe, Purezidhendi anogona kuedza nenzira inobudirira kuvhara kana kuti kusimudzira mutemo kupfurikidza nesimba rechikwama. Purezidhendi akazvipira kubvisa basa rakatichika chaapo kuti ashandure basa rake rokuita basa raasingabviri kuita nokuko, zvichidzosera kupfurikidza nokuko.

Kudheerera Kwokudheerera Nokunyengetedza Kwavose

Theodore Roosevelt akarondedzera mutungamiriri sechikuva chevadheri, chikuva chine simba chokutsigira nokuda kwechirongwa. Mutungamiriri wehurumende ane unyanzvi hwekurukurirano hwakasimba anogona kuvhara Congress chose chose uye kukwirira zvakananga kuvanhu veAmerica. Kupfurikidza nokushandisa misangano yokutsikirira, kero dzenyika, uye zvinobudisa nhau, Purezidhendi anogona kukurudzira pfungwa dzavose kuti vamanikidze vaiti vemitemo. Munhambo yazvino uno, kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji kacho kunzi vanhu vose, inoshanda zvikuru kuvaka simba remitemo mikuru. Purezidhendi Franklin D. Rooselt akashandisa kutaura kwake panze pejini yeFireji yeFire, apo Purezidhenti Ronald Regation aishandisa kusimudzira pfungwa dzake kuti abhadhare vabhadhare vabhadhari vemi vemitero. Munhambo yazvino uno, vatungamiriri vehurumende vanoshandisa terevhizheni kuti ivedze simba rezvouswa kuti zvivereteshinaroro zvemakurukurukurukuru kuti vashore Hurumende.

Chinzvimbo Chinotungamirira Musangano: Mubatanidzwa Wepesvedzero

Bazu revakuru vakuru isangano guru revakuru vakuru uye masangano anobatsira kuti pave nemitemo.

Basa Romutemo Romutongi Muduku

Vice Purezidhendi weSangano rinochengeta nzvimbo yechienzi yebumbiro remitemo saPurezidhendi weDare. Iri basa rinopa Mutungamiriri weSanihesi simba rokuisa vhoti dzinoparadza mitemo nemirau. Nepo Mapirengiri anodzora asingawanzotungamirira paDare, kuvapo kwavo sezvo vvurura yechipiri inopa simba gurusa muhondo dzemitemo. Mutungamiriri wePrezidhendi Mike Pence akakanda nhamba inobatanidza vhati yeta, nepo Purezidhendi Kamara Harris akashandisa nzvimbo yake kufambisira mberi mativi makuru epurogiramu yaPurezidhente. Kupfuura basa rapamutemo, Mutungamiriri weProstia anowanzobatira sechinhu chinokosha mukurwisana nedare remitemo. Chivi chaMasterice Pence anobatira pamwe chete nedare rehurumende, ukama hunovakwa mukati nhambo yavo vamene yokuvhota.

Kuitwa Kwedare Nezvokuronga

, inoumbwa nemisoro yemadhipatimendi gumi namashanu anotungamirira, inoshanda seboka revagadziri vemitemo vanoumba purogiramu yomutemo. Munyori mumwe nomumwe weCabitten anouya nounyanzvi kubva munzvimbo yavo, ringave iBato reNjongo, reUtano neMari. Vane mutoro wokuisa mitemo mitsva, vachipupurira pamberi pematare edare, uye vachitsigira mativi okutungamirira. Apo munyori weCabitten anotsigira, vari kutaura pamusoro paPresident, vachigovera ruramiso yechirongwa chemitemo. Misoro yeAgentelligion inoshandawo nematare edare redare ravo, inobetsera kuronga nokunatsa kuronga zvinhu munharaunda dzavo.

Hofisi Yakananga yaPurezidhendi (EOP)

EOP ivimbiso youkuru hwehurumende, mahofisi edzimba anoronga gadziriro uye anotarisira zvirongwa zvemitemo. Office of Management ne Dhanniver (OFL) haisati bedzi ichibatanidza miraudzo yemari asi miraudzo yose inokarakadzwa nekurukurirano kuti ivaidze kuti vawirirane nepurogiramu yaPrezidhendi. National Security Council (NS) [FLT] Council [FLT] inobatanidza mutemo wokumwe nyika nenzvimbo yokuzvidzivirira. [[FLT:] Office yeGregitiatis Affaties [[FLTFFFF]] syties anoshandiswa nenzira inobudirira.

Misangano Yehurumende Negadziriro Yokutonga

Pamusana pe Administrative Procediture Act (APA)[[FLT 1:1]], masangano akadai seInvironmental Protection Agency (EPA) kana kuti Dhipatimendi reDzidzo reDzidzo rinova rakasimba zvikuru muupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Pasi pomutevedzero we Nhevedzo yokupedzisira yeProcedment Procedurect [A]], masangano akadai seInvironmental Protection Agement Agement (EPA) [[FL]], masangano anokwanisa kutungamirira mitemo yakasiyana - siyana kubva pakutungamirira kwakare, kana kuti ashandise kuronga kuti mitemo ishandiswe sei. Gadziro revakuru vakuru vakuru vakuru vakuru vanogona kuderedza mira mitoro yehurumende kuti vazive kutungamirira mitoro iripo, kupfurikidza nokupfudza kupfudza kupfudza kupfurikidza nokupfudza kupfudza kupfudza kupfudza kupfurikidza.

Simba Rinyoro Nenyengetedzo Yezvamatongerwe Enyika

Bazi racho rinoshandisa guta raro guru rezvematongerwe enyika, ukama, uye zvinhu zvaro kuti rinyengetedze Congress kuita chiito.

Hofisi Yenhau Dzemitemo

Office of Legislative Affairs mukati meWhite House maziso evatarisiri nenzeve paCapitol Hill. Hofisi iyi inoshanda zuva nezuva nemitezo yeCongress navashandi vavo kutsanangura nzvimbo dzehurumende, kukurukura kubvumirana pane zvisina kufanira, uye kutsigira. Vanoronga misangano pakati paPresidente navanogadzira mutemo, mutauro wemitemo, uye vanotarisira kurukurirano dzetsika pabhiri. Kubudirira kwehofisi ino kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji ichiratidzo chakasimba chebudiriro yorumbidzo yaPurezidhendi. Zvikwata zvemitemo zveunyanzvi zvinogona kuvaka zvibvumirano zvinodikanwa kuita nhano huru.

Kunyengedzwa Nemakwenzi uye Kuramba Kuchionekwa Nevanhu

Mapurezidhendi azvino uno akatendeukira nenzira inowedzera kukuunganidza kwouswa kudzvinyiriro kuDare. White House inogona kushandisa internet, nhevedzo dzemanyuko, uye pfuma yamatare ebato renyika kunyandura vatsigiri. Apo bhiridha guru riri mungozi, Purezidhendi angafamba kuenda kunyika huru, kuva nemisangano, uye kukurudzira vagari vemo kuti vataure navamiririri vavo. Iyi nzira inoshanda zvikurukuru apo Purezidhendi anoronga nhau mumashoko akapfava, etsika. Kupfurikidza nokukurudzira chinodikanwa chavose chinooneka, Purezidhendi anoparira murairo wezvamatongerwe enyika kuti aite, kuita chinodikanwa chePromendhea kuti itsirirwe pane kuvhotapo yomutemo.

Nzvero Dzakaitika Mupesvedzero Yakananga

Kunzvera mienzaniso chaiyo yenhau neyazvino uno kunozivisa kuti aya maturusi nezvivako zvinoungana sei kuti zvivambe mutemo.

Chirango Chekutarisira Chinotapurika (2010)

Kupfuudzwa kweAffordal Care Act (ACA) pasi paPrezidhendi Obama ikirasi yamakurukota mupesvedzero inodzorwa nehurumende. Kuvambira pakutanga, Purezidhendi Obama akaita kuti kutarisirwa kwoutano kugadzirise nzvimbo yake yokutanga yehurumende. Akashandisa chikuva chepatipati yePropatiti yeBallet paState panhau yezvoutano, akabata chiPuromende cheWhite House panzvimbo inowirirana kuDare rezve. Office yeHouse yeGauniaundida yakashanda nevakuru vakuru vakuru vehurumende kuti ipedzedzedze bhivhoti ndokuchengetedza mavhoti. Apo pamutemo wacho wakanga uchirega kubatira muDare reSanihena, Porezidheridhendi Obama anovimbisa zvakananga zvibvumirano zvama zvinodzivisikatemwa kana kuti zviite zvinhu zvinodzorwa namabhuku anodzorwa. Pashure pokuita basa rebazu rinodzosera pamutemo, rinogona kuoneka kuti rivedzese basa rebasa rebasa rebasa rebasa rebasa rinoshanda rinodzora.

Mutero Nokucheka Mabasa Chiito (2017)

Purezidhendi Trump akaita nzira yakasiana asi inobudirira zvakafanana neTrust Cuts neJobs Act (TCJA). Akashandisa muitiro wekuyanana, uyo unongoda bedzi voruzhinji muDare, kufuratira vanamuzvina. Purezidhendi Trump akapinda mukukurudzira kwakananga kwaRepublican senator, achishandisa zvose zviri zviviri dzvinyiriro yavose nekurukurirano dzapachivande kuti vabatane. Aiwanzopinza vagadziri vemitemo paWhite House uye akashandisa kurukurirano yenzanga kuisa dzvinyiriro pakudzora. Bazi reCtamendi neJoint paTaxition (inoshanda nomutauro mukuru) zvakabatanidzwa zvikuru mukuita chibvumirano chomutemo. Kufamba kweTCJA kwakanga kuri muenzaniso wakajeka wakajeka wakajeka waPresa Purezidheni wePrezimendi, mapepa echigano ePropublictic, uye kudzo yehurumende yakakatookedzo kupfurikidza nechibvumirano chikuru kupfurikidza nedare chikuru.

Chiito Chine Chinotungamirirwa Pakutama (DACA)

Chirongwa cheDACA chinoratidzira simba romukuru mukuru rokuita pasina kumira payapa dare parinodzorwa. Pashure pamakore okuedza kukundikana kuchinja vatami vose, Purezidhendi Obama akarayira Department of Homeland Security (DHS) kugadzira gadziriro inopa dziviriro yechinguvana kuvana vasina kunyorwa. Iyi yakanga iri rovedzo youshingi yokungwarira yedare nokugadzira mutemo. Yakatanga nenzira inobudirira muitiro mutsva pasina vhoti muCongress. Apo muitiro wacho wakatarisana nedenho dzapamutemo (uye pakupedzisira wakanga uri nhau yekurukurirano huru yezvamatongerwe enyika), yakadzikisa Dare rakashandisa zviito zvevakuru vakuru vakuru mukuwedzera kana kuti kunyoresa purogiramu, kubvumikisa kuti zvisarudzo zvebazu zvinogona kuumba nzvimbo yenzvimbo yapasi kwemakore, kana kuti kudzosera chiito chedare.

Ganhuriro Nerwisano Zvesimba Rinodzora

Kushanda mugadziriro yokuongorora uye yemitemo inosanganisira matare, Congress, uye maonero evanhu vose.

Kuhwirudzura Kutonga uye Chitendero Chinodzora Mubatanidzwa

Dare reSayenzi rinoshanda senzvero yakakomba pakunangana. Dare Rapamusoro rakatonga pamiganhu yesimba rehurumende munhau dzinoratidza zvinhu dzakadai se Protown Comment Comment Comment / Tube Co. v. Sawiter, apo rakarova Porezidhenti Truman's shomeka mamite esimbi mukati meHondo yeKorea, uye [FLT]]. Chachaha , iyo yakabvisa chibvumirano chemitemo yemitemo yewiriravhition . Mumakore achangobva kupfuura, matare akarwisana nenzvimbo yechiremera, zvikurukuru pamusoro pemiraudzo yavakuru vakuru mukutama nokudzora mhoteredzo. Kukwira kwamasimba makuru anotoko nokuda kwamasimba apamutemo. [FFF:]

Kunzvera Kwedare Nemasimba Ezvamatongerwe Enyika

Congress inochengeta nzvero dzine simba pamusoro pebazu rinotonga. Inogona kukurira kudzorwa kwemasangano makuru maviri, akabviswa kana kuti kubviswa, uye kushandisa masimba ayo okutarisira kuongorora zviito zvokutarisira. Kusimbisa kwemabhinya nevatongi iimwe nzira ine simba. Paramende inodzorwa nebato rinopikisana rinogona kuvhara purogiramu dzaPrezidhendi, kuramba zvikamu, uye kuvhura mativi ose. Simba rezvamatongerwe enyika rehurumende inopesana nehurumende (papo boka rimwe rinodzora imba yeWhite uye rimwe rinodzora matende ose) rinoganhurira pesvedzero yaPustricerictive. Mukamura Hurumende, matururo anowanzo kubva mukukwikwidza mutemo kuenda kudzorwa kwemitemo, kutungamirira mauto ezvematongerwe enyika.

mhedziso

Bazu guru ibazu rinoenzana nerehurumende ine pesvedzero huru neyakawanda pamitemo. Kuvambira pamasimba ebumbiro remitemo raPurezidhendi wechivako nechishushi kusvikira kumichina yesangano reOMB nedare rehurumende, mitemo yezviremera panhambo dzose dzoupenyu hwavo. Purezidhendi anogadza zvirongwa, anokurukura udzame, zviratidzo kana kuti kudzosa chibereko chokupedzisira, uye ipapo anotungamirira kuivamba kwayo kupfurikidza nokugadzira utongi. Paanenge aongororwa neCongresssions nematare, bazu guru rinoramba riri injini huru yokugadzira miitiro yenyika. Kunzwisisa iri basa rinokosha nokuda kwomudzidzi upi noupi anoziviswa wehurumende yeAmerica nezvamatongerwe enyika. Ukama hahusi hwechinjo yokupedzisira, asi inopfuurira, nesimba rinodzorwa, uye kutungamirira.