Bhizi Rinotungamirirwa neHurumende yeUnited States ndiyo injini inochinja chinangwa chemitemo kuva chinhu chaichoicho. Apo Congress inopfuura mutemo uye Purezidhendi anouratidzira kuva mutemo, mutemo hauzvimanikidziridziri mugariro. Panzvimbo pezvo, Bazu Rinotungamirirwa nePrezidhendi (rakatsigirwa nechishandiswa chikuru chehurumende) rinopa mutoro wemitemo woku "Tarisai kuti Mitemo ipedzwe nokutendeka" (Article II, Chikamu 3). Muitiro uyu wokuita nokuchengeta mutemo unooma, unonatsa, uye unokosha mukuchengeta mutemo. Kunzwisisa kunogovera vadzidzi uye vagari vemo vane mufananidzo wakajeka wekuti hurumende inoshanda sei zuva nezuva, kuti miraudzo inotapura sei upenyu hwezuva nezuva, uye kudzikamiswa kwesimba pakati pamapazu matatu ebasa.

Nyaya ino inonzvera chimiro cheBazu Rine Utungamiriri, nhano dzine udzame dzokushandiswa kwomutemo, miitiro yokuchengetwa, uye gadziriro dzokuzvidavirira dzinodzora bazu. Kupfurikidza nokunzvera aya mativi, tinoona kuti Bazu Rinodzora harisati richingoita mitemo chete asi richizvidudzirawo, rinozviumba kupfurikidza nokugadzira mitemo, uye rinovimbisa kutevedzerwa kupfurikidza nemubatanidzwa wamasangano navakuru vakuru.

Fandesheni yeBumbiro reMitemo Yesimba Rine Simba Rinodzora

Chiremera cheBazu reVapavhuri neganhuriro zvakavakirwa muChikamu II cheBumbiro reMitemo reU.S. Chinogadza Mutungamiriri somusoro wesimba guru uye chinoronga mitoro mikuru: kuraira masimba akashongedzerwa nezvombo, kugadza vakuru vakuru vehurumende, kuita zvibvumirano (nezano reDare nemvumo), uye kuvimbisa mitemo zvinoitwa nokutendeka. Iyi "Tarisa Claus" ibwe rebumbiro remitemo nokuda kwemibato yose nokudzikamisa.

Vagadziri vakarongera Bazu reBazu roUkuru kuva rine simba nerorumano, rinokwanisa kuita nokukurumidza munzira iyo Congress ine chizivano isingagoni. Zvisinei, vakavakawo mukunzvera: Congress inodzora kupiwa kwemari uye inogona kukurira mabhii uye kudzosa Purezidhendi, nepo matare achihwirudzura zviito zvavakuru vakuru nokuda kwokuteverwa kwemitemo nemitemo. Uku kuparadzaniswa kwamasimba kunovimbisa kuti kuita nokudzika mutemo kurambe kuri mukati memiganhuro yepamutemo.

Kuvakwa Kwebazu Rine Chinzvimbo Chikuru

Bazu raVapamberi vakuru zvikuru uye rakaoma zvikuru kupfuura Purezidhendi bedzi neCabinet. Rinobatanidza Hofisi Inotungamirirwa naPurezidhendi (EOP), madhipatimendi 15 makurukota (rimwe nerimwe achitungamirirwa nomunyori weCabitten), uye mazana amasangano akazvimirira, makambani, mapuranga, uye masangano ehurumende. Pamwe chete aya masangano anoshandisa vasiri varwi vanopfuura mamirioni 4 (kubatanidza vashandi vebasa) uye anotarisira chinhu chiri chose kubva kuchengeteko yorudzi kusvikira kudziviriro yemhoteredzo yapasi.

Purezidhendi Somukuru Woudzori

Purezidhendi anoshanda somukuru mukuru mukuru wehurumende yehurumende. Iri basa rinobatanidza kusaina mabhiri mumutemo (kana kuti kuaisa), kubudisa mirairo yavakuru vakuru nezviziviso, kugadza vakuru vemasangano ehurumende namadhipatimendi (zvinozviisa pasi pekusimbiswa kweDare), uye kutungamirira purogiramu yebazu rehurumende yose. Mutungamiriri wehurumende anewo simba rokukanganwira uye kubvisa mhosva dzehurumende, izvo zvinotapura zvakananga migumisiro yokuchengeta mutemo.

Mirairo yavakuru vakuru chishandiso chinokosha zvikuru. Vanoraira masangano ehurumende kuita zviito zvakati kana kuti kududzira mitemo munzira dzakati. Somuenzaniso, Purezidhendi ari kuuya angapa zvirango zvavakuru vakuru zvokuchinja zvinoiswa pakutanga, zvakadai sokuraira Environmental Protection Agency kuhwirudzura mitemo yakati yemhoteredzo kana kuti kuraira Department of Homeland Security kugadziridza zvinhu zvokuchengeteka zvokuchengeteka. Nepo mirairo yehurumende isingagoni kugadzira mitemo mitsva, inogona kupesvedzera zvikuru kuti mitemo iripo itengwe uye ishatiswe sei.

Mahofisi Edare Neanotungamirira

Dare rinoumbwa navanyori vemadhipatimendi 15 avakuru vakuru, uye vamwe vakuru vakuru vanopa Purezidhendi zano. Bazu rimwe nerimwe rine basa rakananga remitemo nenzvimbo yepurogiramu nemirau. Misoro yemadhipatimendi ine mutoro wokuva nechokwadi chokuti mitemo iri mukati mesimba rayo inoitwa nenzira inobudirira uye nguva dzose.

Mienzaniso mikuru yemadhipatimendi uye mabasa awo okuchengetedza zvinhu inosanganisira:

  • Kupara Dare reRuramisiro (DOJ): DOJ isangano guru rokuchengetesa mutemo rehurumende. Inotonga mhosva dzehurumende, inomirira United States munhau dzepamutemo, inotarisira Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), uye Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firammars and Exlosives (ATF). Inodzorawo mitemo yekodzero dzavagari vemo nemitemo inodzivisa kushandira pamutemo.
  • Nzvimbo dzeHomeland Security (DHS): DHS inonangidzira ngwariro pakudzivirira rudzi patyisidziro nokusimbisa mitemo yokubuda nokuchengeta tsika. Inobatanidza Transportation Security Administration (TSA), U.S. Customs and Bord Protection (CP), U.S. Immigration and Custommentmentmentmentment (IE), uye Federal Eme Management Agency Agency (FEMA).
  • Nzvimbo dzeUtano neDzishandiro dzavanhu (HHS): HHS inotarisira utano hwavanhu, zvokudya nekotsekano yemirimo, Medicare naMedicaid, kudzora hosha, uye nzvero yemishonga. Kudzikamisa kwadzo kunobatanidza Food and Drug Administration (FDA) neCM (CDC).
  • Nzvimbo yeVhingi:[[FLT: 1] Treasurer inotarisira mari yehurumende, inounganidza mitero kupfurikidza neInternational Revenue Service (IRS), inogombedzera mitemo yemari, uye inorwisa mhaka dzemari kupfurikidza neFomaticlement Encroctment Network (FINCEN) neHofisi yeMaruwa Assets Control (OPAC).
  • Nzvimbo dzeForting (DOT): inogadza nokumanikidzira mipimo yekotsekano nokuda kwendege, migwagwa, zvitima, mapaipi, uye gadziriro dzokufambisa kupfurikidza namasangano akadai seFederal Aviation Administration (FA) uye National Highway Traffy Safety Administration (NHTA).

Kurayira Kwemasangano Nokutungamirira

Kupfuura madhipatimendi eKhabhini, masangano akazvimirira anoshanda kunze kwegadziriro yedhipatimendi kuti avharidze mabasa akati kubva kupesvedzero yezvamatongerwe enyika. Aya anobatanidza Federal Reserve System (gadziriro yemiitiro yezvemari), Secureties and Exchange Commission (SEC — kudzora kwemitezo yemitengi), Federal Tradential Commission (FC — kurukurirano). Masangano aya anotungamirirwa zvikurukuru namabhipatimendi anoshanda nemitezo yeTCradentimentimentis, mashoko anoshorwa uye anogona kubviswa bedzi naPresidente yezvisakiso.

Mashandisirwe Anoitwa Mitemo: Muitiro Wokutonga

Apo Congress inopa mutemo, inowanzoisa mitemo yakafara nenharidzano asi inosiyira udzame kumasangano ehurumende akakodzera. Ikoku imhaka yokuti Congress haina unyanzvi nohunozivana kudzora mativi ose okuchengeta. Muitiro uyo sangano rinoshandura nawo mutemo kuva mitemo yakananga, inosungisa unonzi "kugadzira mutemo."

Danho 1: Ongorora Kukura Kwazvakaita

Kana mutemo watangwa, sangano racho rinoita kuti magweta kana kuti masangano ape nyanzvi dzemitemo kuti vaongorore mutemo wacho kuti zvinoda chii, chiremera charinopa sangano racho, uye kuti inguvai yarinorayira. Sangano racho rinofanira kududzira mutauro usina kujeka, misiyano, uye kupesana kunobvira nemitemo iripo nemirau iripo.

Nhano 2: Kuumba Rudzi Kwakakarakadzwa

Dare rinonyora "Notice of Propaced Ruleging" (NPRM) iyo inotsanangura murairo unokarakadzwa, hwaro hwapamutemo, uye miuyo yawo inokarirwa. Ichi chiziviso chinobudiswa mu Féderal Register[, chinyorwa chezuva nezuva chemitemo yehurumende, mirau inokarakadzwa, uye ziviso dzavose. Chinyorwa chacho chinoparira nhambo yetsinhiro dzavose, zvikurukuru 30 kumazuva 90, mukati macho munhu upi noupi kana kuti sangano anogona kupa tsinhiro dzinonyorwa.

Danho 3: Kupindura Pachena Nokuongorora

Tsinhiro dzavose dzinotsoropodza pamutemo wehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu uye kuita zvisarudzo zvinoziviswa. Mitemo inofanira kurava nokurangarira tsinhiro duku iri yose. Ingaita kuti vanhu vanzwe, kukumbira mashoko okuwedzera, kana kuti kubvunza nyanzvi. Sangano ipapo rinogadzirira mutemo wokupedzisira unopindura tsinhiro dzinokosha uye kutsanangura chinjo dzipi nedzipi kubva kumutemo unokarakadzwa. Uyu muitiro unodzorwa ne Procediture Act (A)

Danho 4: Kutonga Kwokupedzisira Nokubatanidzwa

Murau wokupedzisira unobudiswa muFederal Register ine musi unobudirira (kazhinji kazhinji mazuva 30 gare gare kubvumira masangano akatapurwa kugadzirira). Ipapo unosimbiswa mu Code of Federal Regagiment (CFR), mubatanidzwa wechigarire wemiraudzo yose yehurumende. CFR inorongwa kupfurikidza nemisoro 50 (g., Umutwe 21 unofukidza zvokudya nemirimo; Umutwe 40 unofukidza dziviriro yemhoteredzo; Umutwe 26 unofukidza mari iri mukati).

Danho 5: Manyoro Anotungamirira

Kuwedzera kumitemo yakarongwa, masangano anopa magwaro anotungamirira, mabasa okududzira, uye mashoko emitemo anonyatsojekesa matsanangurire avanoita mitemo yavo.

Kumanikidzwa Kwemitemo: Kutsigira Kunoitwa Sei?

Kumanikidzirwa muitiro wokuva nechokwadi chokuti vanhu vamwe navamwe, mabhizimisi, uye mamwe masangano anowirirana nemitemo yehurumende nemirau.Masangano anoshandisa nhevedzano yezvishandiso, kubva kunhungamiro yokuzvidira nebetsero younyanzvi kusvikira kukunzvera, kunzvera, faindi, uye kurovererwa mhaka.

Dzidzo Nokushanda Nokuzvidira

Masangano akawanda anoedza kutanga kuwana kuwirirana kupfurikidza nedzidzo nokupinda. Anobudisa nhungamiro, marusando okurovedza, uye anopa betsero younyanzvi kubetsera masangano anodzorwa kunzwisisa misengwa yawo. [Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), somuenzaniso, anopa mapurogiramu okunzvera apachena ebhizimisi maduku kuti aone ngozi pamberi pokunzvera kuchaitika. ENTERNCE protection Agement Agency (EPA) inofambisa nzvimbo dzinobetsera kubetsera nokuda kwemaindasitirirwo dzakati dzakafanana nokudhinda, simbi, kupedza, uye kurima.

Kuongorora Nokuongorora

Kana kuzviisa pasi kwokuzvidira kusina kukwana kana kuti mutemo paunoda, masangano anogona kuongorora nokuongorora kana kuti kukonzerwa nokunyunyuta, mazano, kana kuti kuongorora mashoko.

  • FDA kuongorora nzvimbo dzinogadzira zvokudya, vagadziri vemishonga, uye mishonga kuti vave nechokwadi chokuti zvinhu zvakanaka uye zvakanaka.
  • OSHA kunzvera kubasa kunzvera ngozi dzekotsekano, kuputswa kwezvinyorwa, uye kushandiswa kwakafanira kwemidziyo inodzivirira.
  • ZVIKAMU] zvokudzosa mitero kuti kuonekwe kuti mari inobhadharwa, mari inobviswa, uye zvikwereti zvinotengwa nevanhu uye mabhizimisi.
  • EPA nzvero dzenzvimbo dzamabasa okugadzirwa kwezvinhu, nzvimbo dzinozadza nzvimbo, uye nzvimbo dzokurapisa kuti zvitarise magetsi anodzora kushatisa magetsi neburi rinobudiswa.

Kuongorora Nezvipunu

Masangano akawanda ane chiremera chokunzvera kuputsa kunobvira kuchishandisa simba dukusa kuti amanikidze chipupuriro nechinyorwa. FBI inonzvera mhosva dzehurumende dzinovambira paugandanga nakokushambadzira kwapakombiyuta kusvikira kuushati hwavanhu uye utsotsi hwakarongwa. Sacutations and Exchange Commission (SEC) dzinonzvera kunyengera kuchengeteka kwemitengo, mukati kutengeserana, uye kukanganisa. [[FLT] FL:] Facer Trade Trader Comment (FC)[FLTC] [FLT]]] inonzvera miitiro younyengeri yezvounyengeri uye kuputsa.

Kurevererwa Kwevatarisiri

Zvirongwa zvinowanzopedza zviito zvokutarisira kupfurikidza nenhau dzomukati pamberi poMutongi woMutemo (ALJ). ALJ vamiririri vakazvimirira mukati mesangano vanonzwa ufakazi ndokubudisa zvisarudzo zvokutanga. Zvibvumirano zvinogona kukwidza izvi kuutungamiriri hwesangano uye ipapo kudare rehurumende. Iyi gadziriro inobvumira chisarudzo chakananga, chinoshanda chenharo dzezvounyanzvi. Somuenzaniso, Sacligial Security Administration inoshandisa ALJs kuti inzwe zvikumbiro zvemibayiro inorambwa, uye Nationalal Labor Relation Relationtion couragetions [NLB] [FLG]] inoshandisa kudzo dzinoshandiswa kutsika dzamabasa ebasa.

Chibharo, Zviyero, uye Kucheneswa

Kana kuputswa kwasimbiswa, masangano anogona kuisa zvirango zvakati kuti. Izvi zvakaitirwa kuranga vasingateereri, kudzivisa kuputsa kwomunguva yemberi, uye kudzorera miuyo isingatengwi zvakanaka. Zvirango zvakakurumbira zvinosanganisira:

  • faindi dzakaganhurirwa: Zvirango zvakatsiga pakutapurwa, izvo zvinogona kukura nokuda kwokuputsa kunopfuurira. Somuenzaniso, OSHA inogona kubudisa faindi dze $45,027 parasika rakakomba (rakagadzirirwa gore negore nokuda kwokukwira kwemitengo). SEC inogona kutsvaka kurashwa kwepurofiti uye zvirango zvevagari vemo kusvikira kuinopfuura nekatatu miuyo yetsika isiri yapamutemo.
  • Kubvisa kana kuti kubvisa marezenisi: Masangano mazhinji anoda marezenisi okushanda muminda inodzorwa. FDA inogona kubvisa mvumo dzemirimo; FAA inogona kumisa rezinesi romutyairi wendege; FCC inogona kubvisa marezenisi okuputsa mitemo kwadzokororwa.
  • Kudzorwa nokuregwa: Hurumende inogona kuvhara kambani kana kuti munhu kubva mukutora rutivi mubvumirano dzehurumende, mari, kana kuti gadziriro dzokutarisira utano. Office yeInstector paHHS, somuenzaniso, inogona kubvisa vatarisiri vezvoutano kubva kuMedicare neMedicaid nokuda kwokubiridzira.
  • Mirayiro yokutumira uye zviito zvokururamisa: Muzvinoitika zvakawanda, sangano rinotaurira mushandi anoda kugamuchidza mupunzi kuti aite zviito zvakati, zvakadai sokuisa zvinhu zvokudzora kushatisa, kuyeuka zvinhu zvisina njodzi, kana kuti kushandisa zvirongwa zvokuteerera. Marobhoti aya anowanzodzoserwa nemirairo yedare.
  • Kupa mhaka: nokuda kwokuputsa kwakakomba kana kuti kwamaune, masangano anonongedzera mhaka kuBato roRuramisiri nokuda kwokurovererwa mhaka. Ikoku kunogona kuguma netongero dzejeri nokuda kwavanhu vamwe navamwe nemari yemari yebhizimisi inogona kusvika mabhiriyoni emadhora. Somuenzaniso, Habiobic Procs Acts (FCPA) inomanikidzirwa navose vari vaviri SEC (Cvil) uye DOJ (CRIMI).

Kupindirana Nebasa ReOMB

Nemhaka yokuoma kwekudzora kwazvino uno, hapana mitemo yesangano iri mukwakaparadzana. Office of Management and Bactal (OMB), mukati meHofisi ine chiremera yaPrezidhendi, inoita basa guru retsinhirano. OMB inohwirudzura miraudzo yose inokarakadzwa nemiraudzo mikuru kuva nechokwadi chokuti inowirirana nemirau yaPurezidhendi, mipimo yechetura, uye zvinodikanwa zvapamutemo. Office yeInformation and Regatation Affairs (OIRA)[FLT], rutivi rweOMB, miraudzo huru nokuda kwetapuko, kugadziridzwa kwemipimo, uye kugadziridzwa kwemipimo yemitemo.

Mapoka anoshanda anozivikanwawo. Somuenzaniso, kuitwa kwe [FT:0] Grac Moyer Act kunobatanidza kushandira pamwe pakati peEPA (inogadza mipimo yokubudisa), Dhipatimendi reEnergy (inotapura kugadzirwa kwemafuta nesimba), Dhipatimendi reThamba (idzo dzinodzora mipimo yemotokari), uye masangano ehurumende emhoteredzo. Nenzira yakafanana, miraudzo yemari inobatanidza kubatana pakati peFederal Reserve, SEC, SEC, Commodity Fumetics Trading Commis Commis (CTC), Dhivice rePC, Office Treeducation Officereal Bureareaution Office (CPB).

Matambudziko Mukushandiswa Nokumanikidzwa

Kushandisa nokushandisa mitemo kwakazara nezvinetso zvinokanganisa kushanda zvakanaka, kururamisira, uye kubudirira.

Mitengo Yokutarisira uye Yokushandira Pamwe

Mutemo mutsva mumwe nomumwe unoisa ndyiko pamasangano anodzorwa uye kazhinji kazhinji paruzhinji. Mabhizimisi maduku, zvikurukuru, angaparapatika kuwirirana namapepa akaoma nezvinodikanwa zvounyanzvi. Zvirongwa zvinodikanwa nemirairo yehurumende (pamisi ichangobva kupfuura iyi zvikurusa Exesutive Order 12866 uye mirairo inotevera) kunzvera ndyiko nebetsero ndokusarudza kusvika kunorerumano anorerutsira. Zvisinei, kudzika-dzika muganhu netamuuyo netapuro yemari kunoramba kuri dzvinyiriro inodzokarirwa.

Kusiyana Kwokumanikidza

Kumanikidza kunogona kusiana kwakavakirwa papfuma, zvinhu zvezvamatongerwe enyika, uye nzvimbo. Sangano rine bhajeti yakaganhurirwa ringanzvera bedzi kuputsa kukurusa kwemitemo, kuchisiya vamwe vazhinji vasingadzorwi. Mwero wokuchengetwa kwe [[FLT: 0] EPA], somuenzaniso, kuwiriraniswa nokutsigira mari nenzvimbo dzokutanga dzehurumende, zvichitungamirira kukuva nehanya nedzisingawirirani neutano hwemhoteredzo nedzevoruzhinji. Nenzira yakafanana, kuronzevedzo dzokudzorwa kwokupinda munyika dzapasi kwachinja zvikuru pakati pezvirongwa, kuchiparira kusavimba nokuda kwavatami navashandirwi zvakafanana.

Pesvedzero Yezvamatongerwe Enyika Nokubatwa Nesangano

Kunyange zvazvo masangano anozvimirira akagadzirirwa kudzivirirwa padzvinyiriro yezvamatongerwe enyika, haana kudzivirirwa. Kupesvedzera kweveWhite mudzimba kunogona kuumba kuchengetwa kwezvokutanga, zvikumbiro zvemari, uye kunyange nhanho yokuita mitemo. Chinoitika che "kubata kworumano" (8) uko indasitiri inodzorwa inopesvedzera zvisina kufanira pagwenya rayo.

Kuhwirudzura Kutonga uye Matambudziko Epamutemo

Zviito zvine chiremera, kubatanidza mirau nemirau inoita kuti zvitevedzerwe. Matare anogona kubvisa mutemo kana ukapfuura chiremera chesangano, unoda zvokusafunga uye hausizvo, kana kuti kuputsa kodzero dzebumbiro remitemo. Zvisarudzo zvenguva pfupi yapfuura zveDare Gurusa padzidziso ye "mibvunzo" uye dzidziso isingatenderwi yakaratidzira chirango chedare chakasimba rehurumende rakaoma zvikuru. Izvozvi zvinoreva kuti masangano anofanira kuparira zvino, kupfuura nakare kose, zviito zvawo muchiremera chakajeka nokurangarira.

Kukosha Kwokuzvidavirira Nokuona Zvinhu Zvakajeka

Kuti Bazu Rinotungamirira richengete chivimbo chavose, rinofanira kushanda zvisina kujeka uye rinzi rine mhosva.

Kutarisira Kunoitwa Nevarwi

Congress anotarisira Dare reBazu reVaparidzi reSangano reSangano reBazi kupfurikidza nokutonga, kunzvera, Office yeManongedzero eHurumende (GAO), uye Congregational Baccultural Baccul Office (CBO). Matare anogona kuisa magwaro ehurumende ndokumanikidza chipupuriro chinobva kuvakuru vakuru vesangano. Office yeMaganement Accouncial Accounting Office (GAO), kazhinji kazhinji kazhinji inonzi "Conferion acureary des," anonzvera mapurogiramu ehurumende, anoyera kushanda kwawo, uye anorumbidza kufambira. Dare rinoronga kutungamirira kupfurikidza nomuitiro wokupasarira mhaka, kuisa mari inotapura basa rakananga.

Vaongorori Varwi

Bazi guru rimwe nerimwe namasangano akawanda akazvimirira ane Office yeInspecter General (OIG). Iyi mhando yakazvimirira inonzvera nokunzvera kuva tsvina, kunyengera, kushatisa, uye kusazvibata mumasangano avo. Vanopa mishumo yavose uye vanonongedzera mhaka dzeutsotsi. Komiti yeChiratidzo cheOIG, somuenzaniso, vanonzvera nhau dzinovambira paFBIS kuti dzive nomufambiro wakaipa weDOJ inopa.

Kuhwirudzura Kutonga

Mapoka akakuvadzwa anogona kudenha zviito zvavakuru vakuru mudare rehurumende. Ikoku kunobatanidza denho kumirairo, zviito zvokuva vatsigiri, uye zvibvumirano. Mu Administrative Procediture Act, matare anonzvera kana sangano rakaita mukati mechiremera charo, rikatevera miitiro yakafanira, uye rinoita zvisarudzo zvakarangarirwa. Kuhwirudzura jajiro inheyo yokuparadzana kwamasimba uye inodzivisa Dare reBazu reBazi pari kuita nenzira yamaune.

Kushuma Kwavose uye Kuona Zvakajeka

Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) inopa vanhu kodzero yokukumbira zvinyorwa kubva kumasangano ehurumende. Zvirongwa zvinodikanwa kubudisa mashoko akati nenzira inoshanda, semifungo yokupedzisira, mashoko emitemo, vashandi, mabhuku, uye vanokumbira kazhinji kazhinji zvinyorwa. [FLT:] [FLT]] EPA] Encencencence na Compliance History Online (ECHO) database, somuenzaniso, inobvumira munhu upi noupi kunzvera zvinyorwa zvezvakatipoteredza nzanga. CED [FF]

Dziviriro Dzemapfuti

Vashandi vanobatira nyika vanoshuma tsvina, kubiridzira, kushatiswa, kana kuti kuputswa kwomutemo kunodzivirirwa pamatsive ne Wattleter Protection Act namamwe mirau. Vacheri vanogona kunyora nyunyuto ne Office of Special Councile (OSC] [FLT]], iyo inonzvera uye inogona kutsvaka chiito kana kuti zviito zvokuranga mukurwisana navakuru vakuru vakuru. Ikoku kunokurudzira kushuma mukati pasina kutya kutsiva.

mhedziso

Basa reBazu raVatungamiriri mukushandisa nokusimbisa mitemo inheyo yokudzora kunobudirira. Kuvambira pamusengwa webumbiro remitemo kuona mitemo ikaitwa nenzira yokutendeka, kusvikira kumuitiro unooma wokugadza wemasangano ehurumende, kusvikira kunzvero dzezuva nezuva uye zvirango zvinovimbisa kuteererwa, bazi rinoshandura vavariro yomutemo kuva miuyo inooneka nokuda kwamamirioni eAmerica. Sangano harina kukwana: inorwisana nomutoro unorema unodzorwa, inodzivisa kubviswa, pesvedzero yezvamatongerwe enyika, uye denho dzapamutemo. Bva, kupfurikidza negadziriro yakasimba yokubatana, kuranga, dare, kurangarira, uye kuoneka pachena, kuoneka pachena pachena, kunoitwa.

Kunzwisisa izvi hakusi kungodzidzisa chete, asi kunoshongedzera vadzidzi, vadzidzisi, uye vagari vemo vane zivo inodiwa kuti vatore rutivi muhurumende inosarudzwa navanhu zvine revo zvinorehwa nejere(8) kupfurikidza nokutsinhira pamutemo unokarakadzwa, kutsvaka mashoko kupfurikidza neFOIA, kana kuti kuita kuti vakuru vakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa vazvidavirire pamusoro penzira iyo mitemo inosungirwa. Bhizi Rinotungamirira ibasa rinoshingaira rehurumende, uye kupiwa kwaro mutemo kunoreva chinhu chaichoicho.