Munhambo inoratidzirwa nedenho dzenyika dzakawanda uye kuyerera kwamashoko kunokurumidza, mano avagari vemo okunzwisisa nokubatanidzwa negadziriro dzavo dzehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu haana kutongova akakomba zvikuru. Kuvaka kurava nokunyora nokunyora vanhu vemo hakusati kuchingovawo zvako muitiro wedzidzo yedzidzo yedzidzo; kunopa nheyo kuutano nokutsigirwa kwenzanga dzedemocracy. Nyaya ino inonzvera mamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana - siyana okugona kurava nokunyora, kugovera nhungamiro yakakwana kupfuma namazano izvo zvinopa vanhu simba rokuziva, kubatanidzwa, uye vanobudirira muupenyu hwavo hwose hwenzanga.

Kunzwisisa Kunyora Nekunyora: Nheyo Nezviyero

Kunyora nokunyora kunotambanukira kupfuura kurangarirwa kwakapfava kwezvivako zvehurumende. Kunobatanidza zivo, unyanzvi, uye zvimiro zviri madikanwa kuti vanhu vatsive nenzira inobudirira muupenyu hwevagari vemo. Ikoku kunobatanidza kunzwisisa nheyo dzehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu, mabasa ehurumende pamwero yose, kodzero nemitoro yougari hwemo, uye ukoshi hwokubatanidzwa kwekushingaira kwenzanga. Munhu wechokwadi wehurumende anogona kunzvera nhau dzavose, kunzvera mashoko anobva mumanyuko akawanda, kukurukurirana nenzira inobudirira, uye kubatira pamwe navamwe kuti ataure pamusoro penhau dzomunzanga.

Mavambo Enhau Nemhindumupindu Yazvino Uno

Murangariro wedzidzo yehurumende une mavambo akadzika, unotevedzerwa kuuzivi hwechiGiriki chekare neRoma unosimbisa basa romugari womupuriti. muUnited States, vazivi vakafanana naThomas Jefferson vakatsigira nokuda kwedzidzo yechisiko chose kugadzirira vagari vemo nokuda kwokuzvitonga. Mumazana amakore apfuura, pfundo rakasiana pazivo yehurumende yakachena (g., kuti rugwaro ruchava sei mutemo) kumutoo wemifungo unobatanidza unyanzvi hwehurumende (m., kurangarira, kudzora kwavagari vemo) uye zvimiro zvehurumende. Nhasi, kurava nokunyora kunofanirawo kufamba panzvimbo yenzanga, uko mashoko akawanda anotaurwa zvisina kururama asi akashatiswa. Vagari vemo vazvino uno vanofanira kushongedzerwa kuyera mumitengogarari yemagariro avose.

Maruva Anoshandiswa Pakudzidza

Kuti vave vagari vehurumende vechokwadi, vanhu vanoda makwikwi munzvimbo dzinoverengeka dzakabatanidzwa:

  • Zivo yeHurumende nenhau: Kunzwisisa chimiro chehurumende (nzvimbo, hurumende, hurumende), Bumbiro reMitemo, Bill of Rights, uye zvinoitika zvikuru zvenhau zvakaumba masangano ehurumende yedemocracy. Ikoku kunogovera mashoko akapoteredza nokuda kwekurukurirano dzazvino.
  • [ Kunzwisisa Kodzero neMitoro:[[FLT: 1] Kuziva maruramiro omunhu (mutoo., rusununguko rwokutaura, maruramiro okuvhota) nemitoro inowirirana (mutoo., kuteerera mitemo, kubatira pamajari, mitero) kunokosha nokuda kwokuzvidavirira kuva mugari wemo.
  • Mikoro yeChibic: Mano okunzvera nhau, kunzvera ufakazi, kupinda muhurukuro yavagari vemo, kutora rutivi mukurangarira, uye kuronga chiito cheboka. Uhwu unyanzvi hunoshandiswa kupfurikidza nemibato yakadai sokupinda horo dzetaundi, kunyorera vamiriri, kana kuti kumhanyira hofisi yomunzvimbomo.
  • Displations: Zvimiro zvendangariro zvinopesvedzera zvoruremekedzo nokuda kwemifungo yakasiana, kuzvipira kunheyo dzedemocracy, pfungwa yokushanda, uye kudisa kugovera kuzvakanaka zvakafanana. Idzi zvimiro zvinokudziridzwa kupfurikidza noruzivo rwokuzviwanira neratidziro.

Nei Kudzidza Nemabhuku Anokosha Mutsika Dzazvino Uno

Vanhu pavanoudzwa uye pavanovimbisana kuti vacharoorana, vanogona kuzvidavirira, kutsigira mitemo inoratidza zvavanokoshesa, uye kudzivirira tsika dzinosarudzwa nevanhu.

Kusimbisa Masangano Anosarudzwa Nehurumende

Kutora rutivi kunoziva chinhu chinokosha chamasangano ehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu. Vanzwi vanonzwisisa revo dzemiitiro vanogona kuita zvisarudzo zvakadzidza zvikuru pabhokisi rebhorati. Vagari vanonzvera zviito zvehurumende vanogona kuziva ndokudenha kunyengera kana kuti ushati. ] kudzora kurava nokunyora kwakakwirira kwenzanga nouori hwezvamatongerwe enyika nokugamuchira kwakakwirira kwehurumende, sezvinoraira vagari vemo vanoshumwa kuva norusununguko rwokuva nomutoro.

Kurwisa Mashoko Asina Kunaka Nekusanzwisisana

Zera remichina rakakudziridza kupararira kwamashoko enhema uye anotsausa, anogona kubvisa chivimbo mumiitiro yedemokrasi namasangano. Kunyora nokunyora kunogovera vanhu zvishandiso zvokufunga zvinokosha zvinodikanwa kuyera manyuko, kuziva tsvurudzo, uye kusiyanisa pakati peidi nengano. Somuenzaniso, mapurogiramu akadai seStanford History Education Group yeSCIR CCONCE Online Reasoning[[[FLL:1]]] zvidzidzo zvinodzidzisa vadzidzi kurava nguva yapashure uye unyanzvi hwokuongorora kuti vaone zvinhu zvinotendwa paIndaneti. Pasi pose, vagari vemo havatani kugona kukanganisa, izvo zvinogona kusekesa sarudzo nehurukuro yavose.

Kutsigira Kubatanidzwa Kwenzanga uye Ubati Ubati Ushe Hwehurumende Hunodzora

Sangano redemocracy rinobudirira pawirirano ine rugare yemirangariro yakasiana - siana. Purogiramu yokugona kunyora nokunyora dzinosimbisa kurangarira nokuremekedza dzinogona kupesana ndokuvaka kunzwisisa munzanga dzakasiana - siana. Apo vagari vemo vanoshongedzerwa kupinda muavo vane zvitendero zvakasiyana - siyana (kunangidzira ngwariro pazvinetso zvinogoverana panzvimbo pokubatanidza nzanga inosimba zvikuru uye isina kubatana. Ikoku kunokosha zvikuru mukupedza nhau dzakaoma dzakadai sekusaenzana, kubuda munyika, uye kuchinja kwemamiriro okunze, izvo zvinoda kugadziriswa kwechinetso.

Zviwanikwa Zvinobatsira Pakuvaka Kudzidza

Zvinhu zvakawanda zviripo kuvanhu vari panhambo dzose dzoupenyu — kubvira kuvadzidzi vapakuvamba kusvikira kuvapunzi - pfumi — vanoda kukudza nzwisiso yavo yehurumende.Idzi pfuma dzinovambira pamagwaro ehwaro kusvikira kunzvimbo dzinobatanidza mashoko, uye dzinofukidza marudzi ose ezivo, unyanzvi, uye mikana yokuvimbisana.

Mabhuku Akavakirwa Pabasa uye Mabasa Enyanzvi

Kuverenga kunoramba kuri nzira yakasimba yokunzwisisa nayo zvakadzama, zvakajeka nheyo dzehurumende nezvinetso.

  • [[FLT: 0] Mapepa eMasangano:[[FLT: 1] Nhevedzano yenhauro dzakaitwa naAlexander Hamilton, James Madison, uye John Jay idzo dzinogovera nzwisiso huru muvavariro dziri seri kweBumbiro reMitemo reU.S. uye vagadziri vehurumende yeRepublic.
  • Utongi muAmerica naAlexis de Tocqueville: Kunzvera kwakatanhamara kwenzanga yeAmerica yehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu nechimiro chayo chechienzi, kuchiri kunokosha nokuda kwokunzwisisa nzanga yenzanga nokuenzana.
  • PaTyranny: Zvidzidzo makumi maviri kubva kuZana raMakumi Aviri naTimothy Snyder: Nhungamiro yakananga neyakakomba kukudzivirira utongi hwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu kupfurikidza nokudzidza kubva mumienzaniso yenhau.
  • [[FLT: 0] Rusaruraganda Runoparira Kurasikirwa Munhu Wose uye Nzira Yatinogona Kubudirira Nayo Pamwe chete [[FLT: 1] naHeather McGhee: Nzvero ine simba yenzira iyo urudzi hunosekesa nayo utongi hwehurumende inosarudzwa navanhu uye rubudiriro rumwe, uye kuti kubatana kwenzanga kunogona sei kuhuvakazve.

Kushandisa Internet uye Kudzidzira

Kosi dzepaIndaneti dzinopa nzira yakapfava yokuvaka nayo zivo yevanhu vose nenzira yakarongwa.

  • [X naKora: Kutsvaka makosi anobva kumayunivhesiti akadai seHarvard, Yale, uye University of Pennsylvania pamisoro yakadai se"Hurumende yeAmerica," "Kubatanidzwa muDemocracy yeAmerican Democracy," uye "Mutemo wePunionthol".
  • Annenberg Colation: Inoshandiswa neAnntenberg Public Policy Center, nzvimbo ino inopa zvinhu zvapachena, mitambo, uye mavhidhiyo paBumbiro remitemo, kubatanidza mubayiro wekuwinwa "Mapfundo Makuru Emitemo" nhevedzano yevhidhiyo.
  • [[FLT: 0] Khan Academy - Civics neHurumende: Inopa sumo yakakwana neinosvikika kuhurumende nehurumende dzeUnited States, yakakodzera vadzidzi vechikoro chapamusoro navadzidzi voupenyu hwose zvakafanana.

Hurumende Nezviwanikwa Zvisingawani Mhindu

Masangano akawanda akazvipira kutsigira dzidzo yehurumende nokuvimbisana:

Zvishandiso Zvokubatsirana, Mafirimu, uye Mitambo Zvokuita Kuti Vave Neukama Hwakadzama

Ruzivo rwekugadzira zvinhu runogona kuita kuti vanhu vadzidze zvinhu zvinobatsira uye zvinogona kuita kuti zvishandisike. Zvishandiso zvataurwa munyaya yokutanga `Ballot Really, Countble, and Democracy Works" zvinenge zviri zvinhu zvakanaka zvokutangira.

  • GovTrack.us: mutemo wehurumende, vhoti pamabhiri, uye mibato yemitezo yeCongress. Inogovera hwindo rakajeka mumuitiro wemitemo.
  • Open States.org: yakafanana neGovTrack asi yakananga pamitemo yehurumende, iyo inowanzova inokosha zvakananga zvikuru kuupenyu hwezuva nezuva asi inopenya zvishoma.
  • [[FULT:0] Proplaca's dimic: Chinhu chinokubatsira kuwana vakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa uye kuona zvinyorwa zvavo zvokuvhota, pamwe chete netsananguro dzenhau dzinokosha.
  • Fiscal Note / Platural: Zvikuva zvakafambira mberi (zvimwe zvine nhurikidzwa dzapachena) zvinobvumira vashandisi kutevera mutemo wakananga, rudungwe rwedare, uye miuyo yemiitiro.
  • [ Mitambo inonakidza: Kupfuura maICCOCK, mitambo yakadai se "Democracy 4" (mutambo wemiedzo) inobvumira vatambi kutarisira nyika ndokuona miuyo yezvisarudzo zvemiitiro, kusimudzira masangano anofunga.

Zvirongwa Zvinoshanda Zvevadzidzisi Nevadzidzi Vakareba Upenyu

Kuvaka kurava nokunyora chinhu chinoshanda, chinopfuurira.

Kukura Kuchidzidza Munzvimbo Yacho

Vadzidzisi vanogona kubatanidza misoro yehurumende munhau, mabhuku, sayenzi, uye kunyange makirasi emasvomhu.

  • Nhau: Shandisa manyuko makuru (manyoro, mabhii, zvinyorwa zvokuvamba) kunzvera nguva dzinokosha dzakadai seCivil Rights Movement kana kuti kugadziriswa kwezvinogadziriswa.
  • : Hrongedza manovhero anotaura ruramisiro yenzanga, yakadai se Kuuraya tsodzo kana ruvengo U Pact [, kukurukura maruramiro, ruramisiro, uye tsitsi.
  • Specience: Nzvera nhevedzano yezvinoitika zvenhau dzesayenzi (mutoo, chinjo yomugariro wokunze, utano hwavanhu) ndokukurudzira vadzidzi kunyorera vamiriri pamusoro pezvigadzikiso zvakavakirwa paufakazi.
  • ZVIITIKO zvazvino: Ipa nguva vhiki nevhiki yokukurukura nhau dzenhau, kurovedza kukurukura mativi ose ari maviri enhau, uye kunzvera revo yezvinobudisa nhau.

Mikana Yokuda Kutenga Neyokudzidza Basa

Kudzidza nokuita ndiyo imwe yenzira huru zvikuru dzokuvaka nayo unyanzvi hwezvirongwa zvehurumende uye unhu.

  • Uduku muZvirongwa zveHurumende: Muenzaniso weSangano Romubatanidzwa Wenyika Dzapasi Pose, Upwere neHurumende (YMCA), uye makwikwi okuedza okunyepedzera anogovera mhoteredzo dzakarongwa nokuda kwokushandisa kurangarira, kukurukurirana, uye kutaura pachena.
  • [[FLT: 0] Community Idi Assess: Vadzidzi vanoita kuti vadzidzi vanzvere nhau yomunzvimbomo (mutoo, kusachengeteka kwezvokudya, kushaikwa kwechokufambisa chavose), kutanga chikarakadzo, uye kuchipa kudare reguta kana kuti dare rechikoro.
  • .Ver Religister Fraises: Mushandirapamwe neChinzwano chaVakadzi kana kuti vakuru vakuru vesarudzo vomunzvimbomo kuti vaitise kunyoresa kusingavhoti pazvikoro kana kuti nzvimbo dzenzanga.
  • Kumhanyisa Hurumende Yavadzidzi:[[FLT: 1] Kurudzira vadzidzi kunhimbe, zvikuva zvinotaura, uye kutsigira vezera ravo, kuchigovera microscom yesarudzo yehurumende yehurumende.

Kuverenga Nemadhigirii uye Kushandisa Zvinhu Zvikuru

Mune zvemazuva ano, vanhu vanodzidza havasiyani nokuverenga nokunyora. Vadzidzisi nevanodzidza vanofanira kutanga tsika dzepfungwa dzokuongorora zviri paIndaneti. Zvirongwa zvinokosha zvinosanganisira:

  • Kurava kwenguva yakati: Panzvimbo pokupedza nguva panzvimbo imwe, kuzarura mapepa matsva kuti uongorore kuvimbika kwamanyuko. Nzvera kuti dzimwe nzvimbo dzinokudzwa dzinotaurai pamusoro pesangano kana kuti kutaura.
  • Kuratidzira Mistformation Parations: Kuziva nzira dzinozivikanwa navose dzakadai somutauro wemirangariro, nyanzvi dzenhema, rondedzero dzerangano, uye dzikamo yenhema.
  • Shandisa nzvimbo dzinocheka zvinhu: Nguva dzose bvunza mashoko enhau asiri eparatis-cheki dzeidi se FactC.org, [ PLAT[FLT]P] , uye SNOP] [[[FLT]]

Kubatanidzwa Kwenzanga Nokubatanidzwa Musangano

Kudzidza mukirasi uye kuzvidzidzisa kunofanira kushandurwa kuva chiito chaichoicho chenyika.Kurava nokunyora kunoguma nokutora rutivi, uye kune nzira dzisingaverengeki dzokubatanidzwa nadzo kupfuura kuvhota makore mashomanene ari ose.

Kudzora Kwomunzvimbomo Noudzori

Hurumende yomunzvimbomo ine tapuro yakananga paupenyu hwezuva nezuva(kuvambira panzvimbo inochengeterwa zvinhu uye zvikoro kusvikira kumapaki nepoto. Kupinda misangano yemakurukota eguta, misangano yezvikoro, uye kuronga kutongwa kwedare kunobvumira vagari vemo kunzwisisa kuti zvisarudzo zvinoitwa sei uye kutaura mirangariro yavo. Hurumende zhinji dzomunzvimbomo dzinopinda misangano paIndaneti, kuchiita kuti ive inowanika. Kuwedzera, kuonana navakuru vakuru vakuru vakasarudzwa neIndaneti kana kuti runhare pamusoro penhau dzakananga. Zvichero zvakafanana ne USA.USA.] zvinogovera zvishandiso zvokuwana nokuonana navamiriridzi vose.

Kuzvipira uye Kubatanidzwa

Kupfuura zvamatongerwe enyika zvechisakiso chavanhu, upenyu hunobatanidza kuzvipira nokuda kwezvisakiso zvinosimbisa nzanga. Ikoku kunogona kubatanidza kubatira paboka risingapinduri purofiti, kuchenesa paki yomunzvimbomo, kudzidzisa vadzidzi, kana kuti kutora rutivi musonganiro yenharaunda. iyi mibato inovaka dzimbahwe renzanga (masangano enzanga, tsika, uye chivimbo izvo zvinogonesa chiito cheboka. Kunzvera kwezvamatongerwe enyika Robert Putnam mu [FLT: 0]] Bowling Alonel [ yakasimbisa kuderera kwedzimbahwe renzanga nebatano yaro yokuderedza kubatanidzwa kwenzanga. Kuvaka aya masangano idirokunokosha zvikuru kwehurumende inodzosera ruzhinji.

Kuvaka Manese Okushandira Kushandira Pamwe

Chiito chimwe nechimwe chine simba, asi chiito chakaumbwa chinobatanidza kunzwisisa kuumba nokutsigira masangano, kubvira kuboka rebindu renzanga kusvikira kumubatanidzwa wezvamatongerwe enyika. Kutora rutivi mumasangano akafanana neNACP, Rotary Club, kana kuti maganhuro omunzvimbomo amapoka amarudzi (g., Indipect, Amais Declation Action) inogovera mavakirwo, zvinhu, uye inzwi reboka. Online maProtoms akafanana ne Meetpup[ uye mapoka eFacebook anogonawo kubatsira vagari vemokanwokuwana nokuronga fariro.

Kubvisa Kudzidza Nezvinhu Zvinobatsira Kudzidza

Kuongorora kunobatsira kuona kuti zvirongwa zvinoshanda sei, vadzidzisi, masangano, uye vagadziri vemitemo zvinobatsira kuona kuti ndezvipi zvinoshanda, kuti chii chinofanira kuvandudzwa, uye kuti tingapa sei zvinhu nokuchenjera.

Mazano Anokosha Okubudirira

Kuyera kurava nokunyora kwevanhu vomunharaunda kunobatanidza kunzvera zivo, unyanzvi, zvimiro zvendangariro, uye mufambiro. Mitemo inozivikanwa navose inobatanidza:

  • Zivo yebic Assess: Kushandisa zvishandiso zvinoshandiswa seNational Assession of Educational Erces (NAEP) CURCS kana kuti bvunzurudzo dzakakudziridzwa munzvimbomo kuti dzione kunzwisiswa kwemasangano ehurumende nemiitiro.
  • Kuratidzira Kunoparira:[[FLT: 1] Kucherekedza vadzidzi mukutevedzerwa kwokunzwa, nharo, kana kuti mharidzo dzomunzanga kuti vaone kukwanisa kwavo kupokanidzana, kuteerera, uye batira pamwe.
  • Nzvero dzeZvokuzvitutumadza neChibvumirano: dzinobvunza vanhu pamusoro pechivimbo chavo musimba ravo rokupesvedzera hurumende, vavariro yavo yokuvhota, uye kubatanidzwa kwavo mumibato yehurumende.
  • Bhehavioral Out Houts: Kuronda mwero chaiyoiyo yokutora rutivi /_inopinda misangano, tsamba kumupepeti, mitezo mumasangano ehurumende.

Matambudziko Nemiitiro Yakanakisisa

Kunzvera kurava nokunyora kunotarisana nedenho dzinoverengeka. Kunogona kuva kwakaoma kuisa chinjo dzomufambiro zvakananga kupurogiramu yakajeka nemhaka yezvinhu zvakawanda zvinovhiringidza. Mukuwedzera, zvimiro zvevagari vemo (sekushivirira) zvakaoma kuyera. Miitiro yakanakisisa inobatanidza kushandisa mitoo yakavhengana (yakavhengana nereanciti), kuitisa mitoo yapamberi neyapashure pepurogiramu, kubatanidza mapoka anodzora apo kunobvira, uye kuunganidza mashoko marefu kuti atsivezve kwenguva refu. Zvirongwa zvinofanirawo kuva zvinodavirira mutsika uye zvinovimbisa kuti zvisakafanira zvakanaka kuvatori vose vanotora rutivi, kuzvidavirira kwemigariro yapamberi nezvinoitika.

Mugumisiro: Kuzvipira Kwenyika Yechidhimoni Muupenyu Hwose

Kuvaka kurava nokunyora kwavagari vemo hakusi chidzidzo chenguva imwe kana kuti nzira imwe; ibasa rinopfuurira, rinogara nguva dzose rinochinja nenyika yedu inochinja. Zvishandiso namazano zvakarongwa munyaya ino zvinogovera mepu nokuda kwavanhu, vadzidzisi, uye nzanga kuti vawedzere kunzwisisa kwavo hurumende inosarudzwa navanhu uye basa ravo. Kubva pakurava magwaro okuisa mirayiridzo yenheyo inotevedzerwa, kubva pakutora rutivi muhurumende yomunzvimbomo kuti ishande masangano anoshandira nzanga, chiito chiri chose chinobetsera kukuziva zvakawanda, kuvimbisa, kupinza, uye kusimba kwounzi vagari vemo. Munguva apo tsika dzamatomuitiro dzamatomuteokrameswo-okrame dzinogona kuderera, kuisa mari mukuita nokurava vanhu iimwe nzira huru yokusimbisa nayo nheyo dzenheyo yokuzvitonga nokuzvitonga kwehurumende. Chipikirwa chogaro chezvizvarwa nezvizvarwa zvose chinouya.