Ukhuseleko lokutya edolophini lungolunye lwezona zingxaki zicinezelayo ezijongene nabaphathi besixeko namhlanje. Njengoko abemi basezidolophini bekhula kwaye uxinzelelo lwemozulu lukhula, kuqinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu ohlala ezidolophini unokufumana ubuchule obaneleyo, obukhuselekileyo, kunye nokutya okunesondlo kufuna ubuchule kunye nokuthanda kwezobupolitika. Abaphathi bezixeko bamiswe ngokukhethekileyo ekutshintsheni kweqela leqela leqela leqela leqela leentlobo-ntlobo-ntlobo zezonyango.

Ukuqonda Unqabiseko Lokutya Edolophini Ngenkulungwane Yama - 21

Ukhuseleko lokutya edolophini luyingcamango ekhoyo. I-Food and Agriculture Organization iyichaza njengemeko apho bonke abantu, ngamaxesha onke, benokufumana ukutya okungokwasemzimbeni, okungokwentlalo, okukhuselekileyo nokunesondlo okuhlangabezana neemfuno zabo zokutya ukuze baphile ubomi obunezondlo. Kwisixeko esithile, oku kuthetha ukungathethi nje ukuba kukho abathengi bokutya, kodwa kwakhona ukulingana, nokufanelekileyo, nokuzinziswa kwemixokelelwa.

[[FLT:] iquka ukukwazi ukufikelela kwezi mithombo, "ii-FLT" ngokubhekiselele ekuhlaleni, ekuthengisweni, ezivenkileni, nasekuhlawuleni ngqo kwimizila yesixeko. [[FLT:]] ibandakanya amandla eentsapho okufikelela kwezi mithombo, ekuhambeni, e-oyile, okanye e-ofele" kunye nokuthenga ukutya abakufumanayo. [[FLT:]] [[FLT:]] UTCILP uhamba ngaphandle kokwazi ukuthenga ukutya okuqukezela ulwazi lwezondla, izibonelo zokupheka, kunye nemeko zempilo. Ekugqibeleni, [FLT:] ukusetyenziswa kwasekuhlaleni [FLD] [FT] [FL:7] kunye nenkqubo yendalo, kunye nemeko-effects, kunye ne-effects, .[5]

Ngokwe- i-FAO’s Urban Food Agenda, malunga nama-55% abemi behlabathi ngoku bahlala kwimimandla yedolophana, kwaye oku kulindeleke ukuba kunyuke phantse ama-70 ekhulwini ngonyaka ka-2050. Njengoko izixeko zisanda, umgama phakathi kwemveliso yokutya nokusetyenziswa kokudla, ubangela ukuba abemi basezidolophini babe sengozini yokubiza imali e-79 kunye nokuzinzisa. Isifo se-CHOVIID-19 saveza ezi zibhiligi, kunye nokutya okukhutshwayo okufunwayo kunye nokuditya okuditya okukhoyo ngaphantsi kwemingxuma.

Abaphathi bezixeko kufuneka bajonge ukhuseleko lokutya kungekhona njengenkonzo yoluntu, kodwa njengesiseko esingundoqo sezibonelelo ezisedolophini.

Izakhono Zokukhuthaza Ukhuseleko Lokutya Edolobheni

1. Xelisa ukuveliswa kokutya kwasekuhlaleni

Ukulima kungaphezulu kunentsingiselo ekhoyo ```isixhobo esiqinisekisiweyo sokwandisa ukufumaneka kokutya, ukuphucula isondlo, nokukhuthaza ukuhambelana koluntu. Abaphathi beziXeko bayakwazi ukudibanisa imveliso yasekuhlaleni ngokuguqula imigaqo-nkqubo yokusebenzisa umhlaba, ukunikela uncedo lobugcisa, nokutya okudityanisiweyo kwisiseko sezakhiwo esahlukeneyo.

Ukuzinika nokufikelela emhlabeni. Izixeko ezininzi ziphelelwe lixesha zikhowudi zokuhlahlela ezithintela ukulima kwiindawo zokuhlala okanye zorhwebo. Ukuhlaziya le mithetho ivumela ezolimo zasezidolophini zivunyelwe ukusetyenziswa njengendlela yokusetyenziswa, okanye ukuyila imimandla eshicilelweyo yokuvelisa ukutya .--accan ivula amazandle, amaphahla, nelizwe likawonke-wonke-wonke. Umzekelo, isixeko saseDetroit siguqule amawaka eefama eefakethi yasekuhlaleni kwimihlaba yasekuhlaleni kunye neefama zasedolobheni nge- Urban Agriculture Ordance, enika imvume ecacileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweendawo zamazwe.

Iinkqubo ezi-' ezikhoyo nezincinci. inkxaso ethe ngqo yemali inciphisa umqobo wokungena kubalimi abatsha. Iinkqubo ezigquma uvavanyo lomhlaba, izinto ezithengwa ngembewu, izixhobo zokunkcenkceshela, kunye nezakhiwo ezikhuphisanayo zexesha zinganyusa ngokuphawulekayo inzala. Izixeko ezifana neMilwaukee zisebenzise izithintelo zokuphuhlisa uluntu ukuxhasa ifama yasezini, ukuqeqesha abemi basezidolophini ukuba babe ngabenzi bokutya.

Izibonelelo ezabelweyo. Ukuseka izakhiwo ezixhaswe yisixeko zokuthumela umqukumbelo, amathala eencwadi, kunye namagumbi okupheka anciphisa iindleko ezingaphezulu kubalimi abancinane. Inkqubo ye-Denver's “Unikezelo Lokudla neyoMbutho Wesitiya we-"Explorence" ezisebenzisanayo noncedo olungeyozenzuzo ukwenza umhlaba namanzi ukuba zifumaneke ngaphandle kwexabiso, kwaye isixeko sigcina abaquququzeleli bezolimo abaqhubeka beqeqesha.

2. Phucukisa Iinethwekhi zokwabiwa kokutya

Kwanaxa ukutya kuveliswa kwindawo ekuyo, kusenokungafikeleli kwingingqi ezifuna ukutya okuninzi. Ukutya okuziinkungu--asethi okungenamali nokusempilweni okungafikelelekiyo, okunezondlo-ukungadibanisi kwizixeko kulo lonke ihlabathi. Abaphathi bezixeko banokuvala ezi zikhewu ngokomeleza ukusasaza nokuthengisa ukutya okutsha.

Iimarike kunye neenkonzo zokuhambisa. Imoto ehambayo yenza iilori kunye neenkqubo zebhokisi yomrhumo zingazisa iziqhamo ezitsha nemifuno kuluntu olungaphantsi kwexabiso. Isixeko saseBaltimore sindulule inkqubo yaso “iBaltimarket”, ethumela iimarike zabalimi ezihambayo kwimimandla engenayo ivenkile enkulu. Le nkqubo isebenzisa imodeli yemali-Yona iyakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ikho.

Umanyano lwezibonelelo kunye nabathengisi bevenkile. Ezinye izixeko zinika amakhefu erhafu okanye iibhonasi kwiivenkile ezinkulu ezivula entlango yokutya. “Ukuthembana Ngezokudla” kwequmrhu lesixeko kunye nezibophelelo zevenkile zokuvula izitore kwiindawo ezifunyenweyo ezisezantsi, ukwandisa ukufumaneka kokutya okutsha kwabemi abangaphezu kwe-100 000.

Ukusetyenziswa kwendlela zokulinganisa ezikhoyo kwimiloti yokugqibela. Izitrato ezithe tyaba kunye nemimandla elinganiselweyo yokulayisha zingathintela usasazo lokutya. Iindawo ezinikezelweyo zokuthutha impahla, ngaphandle kocwangciso lokuhambisa, kunye nenkxaso yenkqubo “ye-hub- nentetho”." apho ukutya kunikezelwa kwigumbi lokuphekela elisembindini okanye kwindawo yokugcina impahla kuze kwabikwe kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni zenza zibenobuchule obungcono. Isixeko saseNew York ‘ Soright NYC'''' siquka izicwangciso zokuphatha ezingcono zothutho lwenqanawa zasedolobeni, ingakumbi ukwenzela ukutya.

3. Uzalisekiso kunye neenkqubo zoncedo lokutya

Ukutya kusengumthombo obalulekileyo wokhuseleko, kodwa iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne - pantry tood neSNAP (Inkqubo Yentyatyambo Yokunceda Inzala) zinokunwenwa zize zisetyenziswe ukuze zifikelele abantu abangakumbi ngesidima esikhulu.

Izixhobo zokuqinisekisa ukutya kunye “nenkqubo ezibhaliweyo ezivelisa”. Abaphathi abaninzi besixeko ngoku basebenzisana neenkqubo zempilo zasekuhlaleni ukunikezela iziqhamo nemifuno. ELos Angeles, i-Good Shepherd Health System inika abaguli abanokuhlawulelwa kwiimarike zokutya okunxulumene nokutya. Isixeko sixhasa lo mgudu ngokuhlawulela iindleko zentengiso nokunika iiklasi zemfundo yezonyango zesisa kwezo marike.

Unyuso lwesidlo seSkool. Isidlo sakusasa sasehlabathini lonke kunye neenkqubo zesidlo sasemini zinciphisa ihlazo kwaye ziqinisekisa ukuba abantwana bafumana ukutya okunesondlo kungakhathaliseki ingeniso yendlu. Abaphathi bezixeko bangasebenza kunye nengingqi zesikolo ukuze basebenzise amalungiselelo oluntu nokuyalela inkonzo yokutya kwinyanga zehlobo. Inkqubo yeChicago “Izidlo Ezinyusiweyo”, zihamba kunye neSithilishini saseChicago Park, zibonelele ngaphezu kwezigidi ezithathu kwi-2023 kwipaki, kumathala eencwadi, nezikolo.

I-SNAP kunye ne-WIC REAP. Izikhalazo ezifana nezo zifunekayo kudliwano-ndlebe-ndlebe okanye maphepha anzima azikhuthazi iintsapho ezifanelekileyo ukuba zingasebenzisi. Ezinye izixeko zivelise amazibuko e-intanethi afumana ezinye iinzuzo ezinokuvavanywa. I-San Antonio isebenzisa isicelo esinye se-SNAP, WIC, kunye ne-bhanki yokutya yasekuhlaleni enzima, inciphisa umthwalo wolawulo kunye nokwandisa ukuthatha inxaxheba nge-18%.

4. Ukukhuthaza iinkqubo zokutya ezizinzileyo

Ukuzinziswa nokukhuselwa kokutya kudityanisiwe. Ukunganyanyeki kokulima kuthoba umhlaba, kuchitha amanzi, kwaye kunegalelo ekutshintsheni imozulu (okuthi kufake imo yezulu kwisivuno sexesha elizayo. Abaphathi bezixeko bayakwazi ukusebenzisa imigaqo enciphisa inkunkuma, ikhuthaze imithambo evuselelayo, kwaye baxhase ukutya okukhulayo.

Ukunciphisa ukulahleka kokutya nokulahlwa. Ngokungaphayanga kwesithathu sokutya okuveliswayo emhlabeni wonke kulahlekile okanye kulahlwa. Iinkqubo zikaMasipala zokufaka umlo wezorhwebo, ukuvalwa kokudla, kunye namaphulo emfundo yabathengi angasusa izinto eziphilayo ekuzaliseni komhlaba. Umthetho onyanzelekileyo we-compostation coastting ufumana i-70 ekhulwini lomlinganiselo wokuzilolonga kwisixeko ngokubanzi, kwaye iziphumo ze compost zisetyenziswa ukufumisa iingadi zasedolophini.

Izibuko lokulima okuphilayo nokuququzelelayo. Ngokunika izikhuthazo zerhafu ukwenzela i-createm okanye ngokunika uncedo lobugcisa kwi-oyile yokulima, izixeko zinganceda abalimi basekuhlaleni basebenzise iindlela ezakha umhlaba wekharbon kwaye banciphise amagalelo emichiza. I-Portland, “Icebo Lendlela yokudibanisa iprojekthi ngokudibanisa amafama asedolophini nenkunkuma yokutya egawulwe kwisixeko.

Iinkqubo zokufumana izibonelelo. amasebe esiXhosa, izibhedlele, iintolongo/iizinto zokutya ezingamawaka ezigidi) ngonyaka. Ukususa ezi zivumelwano kumazwe asekuhlaleni, azimeleyo, nawabalungiseleli abafanelekileyo kuthumela umqondiso onamandla ofunekayo. I-“Good Food Purchasing Program," yamkelwa nguChicago, Los Angeles, kunye no-Austin, imisela imiqathango yentlalo yezilwanyana, ukulondolo, ukusetyenziswa kwemeko-meko-ntle, kunye nemisebenzi elungileyo yomsebenzi. Abathathi-nxaxheba baye banyusa ukusetyenziswa kokutya kwasekuhlaleni ngomlinganiselo wama-30 ekhulwini.

5. Ubandakanyeko loluntu noMmandla

Amanyathelo aphezulu ehla kuphela akanakucombulula ukunganqabiseki kokutya. Abahlali kufuneka babe nelizwi ekulungiseni iinkqubo ezichaphazela ubomi babo bemihla ngemihla. Uluntu olunikwe amandla lunethuba lokugcina imisebenzi yokutya nokugcina amaziko ebeke ityala.

Inkqubo yamabhunga enkqubo yokutya. Le mibutho yemibutho enqumla kwiminqamlezo izisa kunye abemi, abangeyongeniso, amasebe esixeko, namashishini ukucebisa ngenkqubo enxulumene nokutya. IiNkqutyana zenkqubo zenkqubo yePhondo zePhondo iingxelo zokuba kukho iinkqubo zenkqubo zokutya ezingaphezulu kwama-300 kuMntla Merika. Ibhunga lokuqhuba iinkqubo zokutya, icebisa utshintsho olunxulumene nokutya, kunye nokuqalisa izitiya zoluntu. EToronto, ibhunga le projectalsss projectives sy sy: projectivesss provicess provices provior, inkqubela yezoqoqosho, nemeko-mootholis phantsi komlathi omnye.

uqingqo-mali lwecandelo loqoqosho. Ukunika abami ulawulo olungqalileyo kwicandelo loqingqo-mali lwesixeko kungaxhasa imisebenzi yokhuseleko lokutya ebonakalisa izinto eziza kuqala kummandla. Ukuthelekisa uqingqo-mali kusetyenzisiwe kwisiXeko saseNew York ukunikezela ngee-irandi eziyizigidi ezingama-4.2 zeenkqubo zoluntu ezikhululekileyo, iiklasi zokupheka, kunye nolwandiso lwefama yasedolophini.

Imfundo kunye nokwakhiwa kwamandla. imiboniso yokupheka, iindawo zokusebenzela ukuzondla, kunye neenkqubo zolutsha zokulungisa izityalo zakha ubuchule bokutya obude bexesha elide. Iinkqubo ezifakwe esixekweni zinokugcinwa kumaziko oluntu, amathala eencwadi kawonke-wonke, nezikolo. “Imfuno yeDenver njengenkqubo yezempilo yoqeqesho.

6. Ugcino-lwazi lwesantya kunye nobuxhakaxhaka bobugcisa ukwenzela ukujoliswa

Ubuchule bokunyanga bungatyhila izithuba zokufumana ukutya, ukusebenza kwenkqubo yokukhangela, kunye nokuphawula inani labemi abaphezulu bezikhewu. Abaphathi bezixeko kufuneka bafake imali kwingqokelela yogcino-lwazi kunye nezixhobo zokuzoba ukuchaza ulwabiso lovimba.

I-GIS imaphu yokutya okufumanekayo. Iinkqubo zolwazi lwe-Goography zingavala iindawo ezisevenkileni enkulu, iindlela zothutho, abathengisi be-SNAP abagunyazisiweyo, kunye namanani obuhlwempu ukuchonga iintlango zokutya. I-Boston’s “Fod Accessible Mepu" iyafumaneka kwaye ihlaziywe, yenza ukuba abaququzeleli boluntu bafumane izitore ezintsha okanye iimarikethi apho zifuneka khona kanye.

Ixesha lokwenene lokudwelisa kunye nokuxela kwangaphambili. imigangatho yangaphakathi ingadibanisa imibutho yokuhlangula ukutya kunye neevenkile zevenkile kunye neendawo zokutyela zokutyela eziseleyo. Iziphumo ezifana ne- “Uhlangulo Lokudla lweHero” zivumela abaqhubi ukuba babone iminikelo ekhoyo kwaye bafumane iiveni, baphambukise ukutya ukuze bakhuseleke ngaphambi kokuba konakalise. Isixeko sase Pittsburgh sisebenzisane nengeniso ekhoyo yokuqhuba i-app, okuphumela kwi-400 yeekhilogram zokutya okuhlanguliweyo kunyaka wokuqala.

Iinkqubo zokungangeni manzi. Ukwenza izibuko elinye ukwenzela iinkqubo ezininzi eziyingenelo, “‘SNAP, WIC, ukutya kwesikolo okukhululekileyo, kunye noncedo longxamiseko------inika amaxabiso olawulo kwaye kwenza kube lula kakhulu kubahlali ukusebenzisa. I-Alameda County’s “Inkqubo yokusebenzisa i-internationation” iphucule imigangatho yokuzibophelela ngokuvumela ii-enjini zihlole iinkqubo ze-enjini.

Yakha ulwelo kwizidubuli kunye neziphene ezinde-kude

Iiplani zokutya kufuneka zijongene neengxaki ezimandundu-ngoo-ibhunga, i-irhwaves, izifo ezimandundu, kunye noxinezeleko olungapheliyo olufana nokutshintsha kwemozulu kunye nokungalingani kwezoqoqosho. Iinkqubo zokulungisa ukutya zinokutshintsha, ziyakwazi ukutshintshatshintsha, ziyakwazi ukutshintsha-tshintsha, kwaye zisebenzisa amatyathanga okuzinika izinto.

Ukugcinwa kokutya okuninzi kunye nosasazo lwezikhundla. Izixeko zingafumba istaples ezingenakungagqibeki kwizinto zokugcina impahla eziselugcinweni kunye neqabane lemibutho yoluntu kwizinto ezikhoyo ngaphambi kokuba kubekwe indawo. Emva kweSiphekepheke uMaria owaphuke yi Puerto Rico, isixeko saseSan Juan ngoku sigcina indawo yogcino-moya yexesha likaxakeka kunye nomkhosi weelori ezinokufakwa kwifriji ezinokusetyenziswa kwisithuba seeyure ezimbalwa.

Idityanisiwe intsalela enikezelweyo. Ngokugqitha kwi-injini enye yokutya okanye ummandla odala ubungozi. Abaphathi-mikhosi besixeko bangadibanisa izivumelwano zokuquka abathengisi abaninzi abancinane nabaphakathi, kwaye baphuhlise izivumelwano zokuthenga ngokuthe ngqo nabalimi bengingqi. USDA’S URRIMA AURLIC Completealismkit unikela ukhokelo ekudaleni imibutho yokunika ukutya eqinileyo yasekuhlaleni.

Ukuqhelaniswa kweefama zasezidolophini. Ukukhukhuliseka, nembalela kusongela iziqwenga zasedolophini kunye nezisemaphandleni. Abaphathi bezixeko banganikela ukhokelo kwiibhedi ezinyusiweyo, ukuvunwa kwamanzi emvula, kunye nezakhiwo zomthunzi. Bangafumana umhlaba kwimimandla ekhuselekileyo yemiyezo yoluntu ehlala ihleli.

Iindlela Zokufikelela Nemithetho

Ngaphandle kobuchule bomntu ngamnye obuchazwe ngasentla, abaphathi besixeko banokusebenzisa iindlela zokuguqula iimeko zokutya ezipheleleyo. Ngoxa ezi ndlela zisenokufuna ixesha elide nenkxaso eyomeleleyo kwezobupolitika, banika impembelelo enzulu.

Inkqubela-phambili yokutya (ukutya okuxutyiweyo)

Kanye njengokuba uphuhliso lothutho lunxulumene nomhlaba olusetyenziswayo kwizithuthi, ukuphuhliswa kokutya ngenjongo kumisa izindlu ezintsha kunye nophuhliso lorhwebo jikelele kwimveliso nokunikezelwa kokudla. Umzekelo, ukuphuhliswa okudityanisiweyo kokusetyenziswa kweprojekthi kusenokuquka iholo yemarike kumgangatho ophantsi, ikomkhulu lokutya okunendawo yokugcina ingqele kumgangatho ongaphantsi, kunye nezitiya ezibekwe kwimibhobho ephezulu ngaphezulu. Isixeko singayifaka imisebenzi enjalo ngebhonasi esinzima, i-eced evumela, kunye nehlisa iimfuno zokupaka. “isithilithi zikaDetroit , ezimiswe ngo-2013, zikhuthaza abaphuhlisimveliso yokutyalwa komsitho wokutya okutsha kolwa kophahla, ngokunikela iintengo kunye nemijelo yokuhlola.

Ukulungiselela ukutya

Ezinye izixeko ziye zayila “amabhanti okutya” okanye iipaseji eziluhlaza ezikhusela amafama e-perikórban ekungalali. I-“greenbelt” yaseToronto ithintela ukuphuhliswa kwe-creenshore eninzi yezolimo ejikeleze isixeko, iqinisekisa ukuba ukutya okutsha kuhlala kukwi-100. Abaphathi beziXeko bangaxhasa ukukhusela nokusebenza okufanayo koomasipala kwimi ekufuphi nenkqubo yokutya.

Ukufaneleka kokutya

Ukufaka ngokusemthethweni ukutya njengelungelo kwenza abahlali bafumane isixhobo sokufuna inyathelo. ISão Paulo, eBrazil, yadlulisela “umthetho ofanelekileyo wokufumana ukutya” ngo-2015, ifuna ukuba isixeko sivelise iinkqubo eziqinisekisa ukufumaneka kokudla kubo bonke. Nangona imithetho enjalo inqabile eMntla Merika, izixeko ezininzi zase-U.S.(iquka iNew York, Baltimore, kunye nePortland) idlulise izigqibo zokuchaza ukutya njengomntu olungileyo okanye ukuseka iofisi yokutya. Le misebenzi yokulungisa idla idla iqalisa utshintsho lwekonkciciciso yoqingqo-mali kunye noyilo lwenkqubo.

Isiphelo: Isicelo Sokhokelo Nobuchule

Ukhuseleko lokutya lwasedolophini aluyongxaki enokuthi idityaniswe yiyo nayiphi na inkampani. Kufuna ukulungelelanisa ukulungiselela, impilo, ukuphuhliswa kwezoqoqosho, ukhuseleko logutyulo, ezothutho, kunye namasebe emfundo. Kufuna unxulumano noncedo olungelulo lwengeniso, amashishini obuqu, amaziko emfundo, kunye nabemi bengingqi. Ngaphezu koko, kufuneka abaphathi bezixeko abakulungeleyo ukusebenzisa amandla abo okusebenzisa uqingqo-mali, igunya loqingqo-mali, kunye nempembelelo kumhlaba ekusebenziseni ukutya njengezinto eziyimfuneko zikawonke wonke.

Iziphumo zokutya okuveliswayo, ulwandiso oluphuculiweyo, iinkqubo zoncedo oluqinileyo, amanyathelo okuzinzisa, ukudityaniswa koluntu, ukujoliswe kwixhoba le-data, kunye nokuzinziswa kwemeko-bume zizinto ezibalulekileyo zobuchule bokutya obuqhelekileyo basedolophini. Imizekelo ebalaseliswe kweli nqaku ibonisa ukuba inkqubela iyafumaneka, kwanakwizibonelelo ezikhoyo. Ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo ezibonisa ukusondela //ukulingana kokutya, impilo, imekobume, kunye ne-ecy_injini-a iyakuqinisekisa ukuba bonke abami basedolobheni banesihlalo esithebeni.

Ixesha lokuthatha inyathelo ngoku. Ukutshintsha kwemozulu, ukubonelela ngezixhobo kunye nokungalingani okukhulayo kuya kubangela uxinzelelo kwiinkqubo zokutya ezisedolophini. Ngokubona kwangaphambili nangokuzibophelela okuqhubekayo, abaphathi besixeko banokuguqula ukunqabiseka kokutya kwingxaki ibe lithuba elinokwakha izixeko ezisempilweni, ezisesikweni nezinokumelana nemeko ezingakumbi kwizizukulwana ezizayo.