Iindlebe zeKhomishini ziphakathi kwezixhobo ezinamandla kwibhokisi yezixhobo zikarhulumente karhulumente karhulumente elungelelanisa, ukuxhasa, nokuvelela impilo yengqondo. Ezi zenzo zowiso-mthetho zilungiselela indawo apho abenzi bomthetho, iingcaphephe, amagosa eesebe, nabameli bezezonyango beze kudityaniswa ukuvavanya imeko yempilo yengqondo yesizwe, ichonga amacandelo ajongene, kwaye icebisa izicombululo. Ngoxa iindlebe ngokwazo zingayileli umthetho, impembelelo yazo kwimigaqo, ulwabiwo lwemali, kunye nokuqonda okusesidlangalaleni. Ukusukela kumthetho wokuqala wezonyango lwengqondo yesizwe phakathi kwenkulungwane-20 ukuya ekusabeleni okuqhubekayo kwingxaki yempilo yolutsha, ukuva okuye kwangqinwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuchaphaza kotshintsho oluchaphazela izigidi zabantu baseMerika.

Indima Yokuva Kweendlebe Zeengqungquthela Kwinkqubo Yezempilo Yengqondo

Ukuchotshelwa kweendlebe zeKhomishini kunceda imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo kumaziko empilo yengqondo karhulumente. Embindini wayo, ziinguqu ezivumela amalungu eKhonklane ukuba aqokelele ubungqina, amangqina okubuza, aze avavanye ukusebenza kweenkqubo ezikhoyo. Iindlebe zikwanikela iqonga likawonke-wonke ekuphakamiseni imibandela enokuhlala phantsi kwerada yenkqubo. Kwimpilo yengqondo, ephilileyo ngokwembali ngenxa yehlazo naphantsi kokuncitshiswa, iindlebe ziye zaba sisixhobo esibalulekileyo sokuveza ukubonakala kweengxaki zabantu ngabanye nakuluntu.

Le nkqubo iqala xa ikomiti elawula impilo, amagqala, imfundo, okanye imicimbi yezeejaji icwangcisa ukuchotshelwa kwemibandela ethile engomxholo othile, ukuthintelwa kobhubhani wokuzibulala, ukufikeleleka kokuzinyamekela, okanye ukukhuselwa kwempilo yengqondo. AmaNgqina amenywa kumaqumrhu alawulayo afana i-Subance Abused kunye noLawulo lweNkonzo yezeMbali (SA) kunye noluvolu hlobo lobuzwe lwe-National Institute of Mental Health (NH) [FLT] , ngokufanayo noorhulumente basekuhlaleni, amaziko enkxwemphicola, amaqela anesi siposo, namaqela anxibelelana iingxoxo kunye nokuvavanyanisa ii-ggnogna. Ubungqina obulandelayo, ukwenziwa nolwanomo lwentejinga, kunye nolawulo lomthetho.

Ngaphandle kwengxelo ebhaliweyo, iindlebe zivelisa intetho yesazulu nentetho yesidlangalala. Ukuva okunyanzelayo kunokubuyisela ukuqonda kwabantu ngesifo sengqondo, kunciphise ihlazo, kunye namaqumrhu aphembelela ingcinezelo ukuba enze ngokukhawuleza. Kwiimeko ezininzi, isaziso nje sokuchola sinokushukumisela amaziko esizwe ukuba avakalise amanyathelo amatsha okanye akhuphe inkcazelo ngaphambi kwexesha. Ngaloo ndlela, iindlebe zisebenza njengenkqubo yokususa iliso lengqondo kunye nemiqondiso yezobupolitika.

ISebe leMicimbi yokuSebenza kunye noMthetho

Eyona mveliso ikonkxekileyo yokuva iindlebe yinkqubo yowiso-mthetho. Xa ikomiti iva ubungqina obunamandla malunga nokusilela kwenkqubo yempilo yengqondo . "njengokulinda ixesha elide ixesha lokunyanyekelwa, ukukhankanywa kwe-inshorensi, okanye ukwenziwa kolwaphulo-mthetho lokugula ngengqondo", isoloko ilungisa iindleko ukusingatha ezo ngxaki zikhethekileyo. Umzekelo, i-Mantal Health Parity kunye noGudisty Act ka-200 yandulela kwiminyaka yokuva kwindlu neBhange lokuhlola okubhaliweyo okuthengisela phambili izigula ezifuna unyango lwengqondo kunye nezixhobo zokusebenzisa ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Ukuva kwalungiselela isiseko esicacileyo sobugcuphelo lwezenteko kunye nesakhelo lwe-bistiki.

Ukuva kudlala indima engundoqo ekuqulunqwani kwakhona nasekulungisweni kwemithetho yempilo yengqondo engundoqo. Umthetho weminyaka engamashumi amabini], utyikitywe kumthetho ngo2016, uquka umboniso wempilo yengqondo obalulekileyo. Oku kuphuhliswa konobhala oncedisayo we-Mental Health kunye noMsebenzi Osebenzisa indawo esetyenziswayo e-SAMHSA kunye nokugunyaziswa kwe-ooksigrafini ye-om uluntu lwe-Mobacolobacy Health Clinic [CBCBC:] umboniso wenkqubo yengqondo. Oku kwenziwa kwaba luyilwe luninzi lweengcingo zezo zendlebe, ukunqongophala komsebenzi, ukungasebenzi, kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwempilo yengqondo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwendlela yonyango. Ngokufanayo, ukuva okuqiniswa kwe-FUTB:[20] [20]

Omnye ummandla wowiso-mthetho ochaphazelekayo ophenjelelwa kukuva yimpilo yengqondo kwinkqubo yobulungisa bolwaphulo-mthetho. Ukuvakala kweendlebe kuye kwabonisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuba iintolongo neentolongo ziye zaba ziinkqubo zempilo yengqondo ezithobayo. Ubungqina obuvela kumthetho, abagwebi, kunye nabantu ababevalelwe ngaphambili baye bafaka i-bipartisan yetyala njenge Justice kunye neMental Health Colplatination Act[ kunye neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zokungalathisi. Ngaphandle kokugxininiswa komthetho, ezi mbambano zidla ngokusilela ukufikelela kwincopho ye-diationagie.

Ukulondolozwa kweNgxowa-mali

Ukuva okuqulunqiweyo kubaluleke kakhulu ekuboneni ukuba yimali engakanani urhulumente wesizwe oyichitha kwiinkqubo zempilo yengqondo. Ngoxa ukudityaniswa kweengxoxo zaminyaka le kubandakanya iingxoxo ezininzi zangaphakathi ezivaliweyo, ukuva kunika ulungiso olubonakalayo loluntu lwemali. Xa abaxhasi bempilo yengqondo, abaphandi, namagosa karhulumente equmrhu engqina ukuba iimfuno ezingeyozelelweyo zixhomekeke kumaziko engqondo oluntu, ukunqongophala kwabantwana bengqondo, okanye ukunqongophala kwezinkonzo zempilo yengqondo ezisekelwe kwisikolo.

Ngokomzekelo, ukuva ekupheleni kowama- 2000 kunye nasekuqaleni kowama-2010 kwabalaselisa iziphumo ezoyikekayo zengxaki ye-opioid kunye nokungabina mandla onyango. Ezo ngxelo zafak' isandla ngqo kwi- Comprehensive Ukhuphiselwano kunye noMthetho wokuRecoveration (CARA) ka 2016 kunye neziphumo zeziphumo ezathi zathi zathi zathi zathi zathintela, ukunyanga, kunye nenkxaso yonyango. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuva kolutsha ngempilo yengqondo , ngokuqhelekileyo kuchaza iingxaki zabo siqu (i-[FLTLT]) kunye neenkqubo zemfundo yemfundo yezemfundo.

Ukubonelela ngeendlebe kukwanikezela ngolwalathiso. Xa abameli abafana ne-SAMHSA okanye i-Veterans Health Administration bevela phambi kweKhomishini ukuze bathethelele uqingqo-mali lwabo, badityaniswa ekwenzeni imilinganiselo yemali, amaxesha, kunye neziphumo. Olu xinzelelo lungakhokelela kwimithombo edibeneyo, ii-octracties ezintsha, okanye iinguqu ezitsha. Umzekelo, emva kokuva ngokuphindaphindiweyo zityhile ukuba iVA yayingathethi ngokufanelekileyo ngokuzibulala kwabantu abaqhelekileyo, iBhunga layalela abaquququzeleli bokuthintela ukuzibulala kwiziko ngalinye le-VA-A yezamayeza kunye nemali eyandayo yemiqatha yemali yemeko enzima engenakukhange inikezelwe ngaphandle kokungqinwa kobunjwa nguwonke kunye nokuncinwano.

Impembelelo kumanyathelo aphambili omanyano kunye neenkqubo

Unxulumano phakathi kwamatyala aphakathi kwengqungquthela kunye namanyathelo empilo yengqondo karhulumente akasoloko ephenjelelwa nje kuphela, kodwa lusoloko luyilwa. Iinkqubo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zesebe kunye namaqumrhu ahlola imvelaphi yazo ngokungqalileyo zivela kwiziphumo ezibhaliweyo ezichaza ingxaki yesizwe kwaye zifuna uncedo lwamaqumrhu.

ISicwangciso-qhinga sezengqondo soLuntu kunye nokunyuka kweenkqubo zezeNgxowa-mali

Omnye wemizekelo yokuqala neneziphumo ezininzi yikomiti ye- efumene ubungqina obunamandla obumalunga neemeko zeMental Health yowe- 1963, eyasayinwa nguMongameli John F. Kennedy. Esi senzo saveliswa luthotho lweendlebe ezibanjwe yi-deator List Well ye-All, eyava ubungqina obunamandla malunga neemeko zengqondo ezibhedlele kunye nesithembiso esitsha sonyango lwengqondo. Abo babeva bafaka i-dentituanation yazazazazazaza kwaye bavelisa uthungelwano lwesizwe lweziko lwempilo-mfontsko, nangona isenza uvavanyo, lwalo lwezibheno lwezoshishino-lo-lo-lonke lwempilo-mente.

Ukuvakala konyaka ka-1970 kunye noweminyaka yowe-1980 kwaqhubeka kubumba indima kazwelonke, ekugqibeleni ikhokelela ekudalweni kwe- Alcohol, Iziyobisi, kunye nolawulo lwengqondo (ADAMAHA) kwaye kamva i-FLT] elandela i-SAMHSA. Iminyaka yowe-1990 yabona iindlebe ezibhencayo ezibhencayo nokungahoywa kwesifo sengqondo esijikeleze, ukunyanzela ukunyanzeliswa komthetho onyanzelekileyo. IKhomishini yenkululeko entsha kwiMbali yengqondo yaxelelwa lungceleleko locando olubonisa ukuba ukudilika, ukuthengwa okunga, ukusetyenziswa kobuphicotha, nokusetyenziswa kwemilinganiselo efunekayoyo.

Indalo Nenkqubo Ye-Evolution Ye-SAMHSA

SAMHSA, ngoku isiko eliyintloko lesizwe lempilo yengqondo kunye nezixhobo zokusebenzisa iziyobisi, lamiselwa ekuqaleni koo-1990 ukuvakala okugxeka ukwahlukana kolawulo lwempilo yengqondo kunye neenkqubo zokusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi. Ukuva okulandelayo kuye kwabumba i-SAMHSA kuqala. Ukusuka ekugxininiseni kwimiqathango epheleleyo kwimiqathango esekelwe kubungqina, ukuchanabeka-kuko, ukuchaphazeleka, kunye nempilo epheleleyo. Kutshanje, ukuva ngempilo ye-COVID-19-mpineyyyyyy system kwakhokelela u-SA ukwandisa i-SAMFFLT izigidi ezingamawaka [3] ekuxhaselweni kwemali yongxalo-mvo-mvo-luvo, ii-celo-luntluvo lwempilo, iinkonzo ze-mizmistmentians.

Ukuva okuphangaleleyo kukwane-SAMHSA ebeke ityala ngolawulo lwayo lwezibonelelo zikarhulumente, ukuqokelelwa kogcino-lwazi ngokuzibulala nokufa ngokugqithisileyo, kunye nokuphunyezwa kwalo kobomi 988]. Umzekelo, amava angama-2022 ayehlola ukuba i-SAMHSA yayilungiselela ngokwaneleyo ukunduluka konyaka wama-988, nto leyo ekhokelela ekukhululeni uqeqesho oluthelekelelweyo kunye namaphulo okuqonda abantu. Ngaphandle kwezi ngxolo, iingcambu ezinzima ngezakuba zingazange zifumaneke.

INIMH nophando lwe-pine

Ukuva okuqulunqiweyo kwe-Congress kukwabumba uphando lwe-Accounting kuvavanyo lwe- lwe-National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH). Ngokuva, abalathisi-mthetho babuza ngophando oluphambili kubaphathi be-NIMH malunga nophando oluphakathi kwenzululwazi yengqondo esisiseko, ukuvavanywa kwengcali, kunye nophando loguqulelo. Umzekelo, ukuva ngesantya esiphezulu sokuzibulala kwabantu abaselula esikhokelela kwi-NIMH SSTUD (Unyango lwezingcinga olusisiseko lwengqondo kunye noluqikelelo-lwazi, [[FLT]], nto leyo eyazisa ukuphuhliswa kongenelo olufutshane nocwangciso lokuzikhusela. Okuninzi, ukuva okutsha okuphakathi kokuzisola phakathi kwabantu abakhothoba nenani eliqhutywa kwimali-NUM, ukuthintela ingxuwa kwintso-mali ne-e-e-AT.

Uhlolisiso Lweendlebe Ezingephi

Ukuyiqonda ngokupheleleyo impembelelo yamatyala eentlanganiso kumanyathelo empilo yengqondo karhulumente, kuyanceda ukuhlolisisa iindlebe ezithile ezaguqula indlela yomgaqo-nkqubo. Uhlolisiso olulandelayo lubonisa indlela ubungqina, ukubuza, kunye noxinzelelo lukawonke-wonke oluguqulela ngayo kwiinguqu zokwenene zehlabathi.

Ukuviwa Kweendlebe Ngeemeko Zengqondo Ngowama - 2016

Ngonyaka ka-2016, uthotho lweendlebe eziphawulekayo kwiNdlu yeBhunga leMfundiso, leMfundo, leMsebenzi, neleNtlanganiso (HELP) kunye neKomiti yeNdlu yeManzi nezorhwebo zaseka isiseko solungiselelo lwempilo yengqondo kumagumbi exesha likaxakeka 21st Century Cures Act[. AmaNgqina aquka abameli bezonyango lwengqondo, oogqirha begumbi longxamiselela-mthetho, kunye nabantu abanamava. Obunye ubungqina obungalibalekiyo bavela kumama owachaza umfana wakhe ngokuphindaphindwayo kumagumbi ongxamiseko kunye neentolongo ngenxa yokungalawuleki kweSyncluepheny [ia uLt) ibali elibonisa ngokucacileyo ukungaphumeleli kwenkqubo yenkqubo yonyango.

Ukuva kwabalaselisa iingxaki ezininzi ezingapheliyo: ukunqongophala kweebhedi zengqondo ezinyanzelisayo, ukunqongophala kokunyamekela abantu ngengqondo, kunye nokunganxibelelani ngokupheleleyo kwempilo yengqondo kunye nenkathalo ephambili. Isivumelwano se-Bpartisan savela kwimfuno ye- yeNtlalo-ntle Yoluntu yempilo yengqondo (CBHC]) imodeli yemodeli [, efuna iikliniki-kliniki ukunikezela uludwe olubanzi lweenkonzo, kuquka ukukhathalelwa kwemeko enzima, ukuquka ukuphatha, kunye nonyango olusekelwe kubungqina. Kwakhona ukuva kukhuthaza amalungiselelo okunyanzelisa umgangatho wobuNdodamo lokuzinyuko [[FLT] [FFFG3]] olune] olugunyaziweyo lweminyaka emibini e-000, isiphumo semithetho egunyaziwe yeminyaka emibini yokuva.

Ukuva ngengxaki yempilo yengqondo ye-COVID-19

Ukususela entwasahlobo 2020 ukuya ku 2021, iBhunga labaphulaphuli abaninzi behlolisisa ukufa kwengqondo kwesifo esikhoyo. Ubungqina beNjengele kaGqr. Vivek Murthy, NIMH, uGqr. Joshua Gordon, kunye neekliniki zekliniki eziphambili zadwelisa umfanekiso ocacileyo wonxunguphalo olunyukayo, udandatheko, ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwezixhobo, kunye nokuzibulalayo, ingakumbi phakathi kwabakwishumi elivisayo, iintsana ezincinane zobuhlanga kunye nabasebenzi ababalulekileyo. Abaphulaphuli-ndlebe babengenamdla kwimeko yabo yemvakalelo kwaye bakhokelela kwimali ekhawulezileyo: [[FLT:] [FFOLD: 0] uncedo, iSiphetho, kunye noMnyango lwezentengiselwano (Calcial Act [FLD: FM]]] kunye nolwando lwe-ES (FL.3])

Ukuchotshelwa kwale mithetho kwanyusa utshintsho lweNational Suicide Prevention Lifeline ukuya kumthetho wama-988 wokufowuna. Abenzi bomthetho beva ukuba umqulu wobizo wande ngaphezu kwama-30% ngexesha lesifo esimandundu, kwaye inani elikhoyo lemivo elilishumi lalididanisa. Kwiinyanga ezimbalwa, iBhunga lawisa umthetho ofuna ukuba iKhomishini yoNxibelelwano loManyano lwesizwe iphumeze 988 ngoJulayi 2022,8.

Ukuva Ngempilo Yengqondo Yolutsha Nezentlalo

Ngo-2023 nango-2024, ukuvakala kweentloko ezisemagunyeni ezikwizikhundla zezentlalo-ntle, kunye nobungqina obuvela kubantwana abakwishumi elivisayo nabazali . kwabangela uphando olutsha lwe-tekthi kwimo yengqondo yabakwishumi elivisayo. Uphando lwangaphakathi lwenkampani olutyhilwe lubonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-Instagram kunxulumene nolwandiso lwenkxalabo kunye nolujoliseko lomzimba phakathi kwamantombazana akwishumi elivisayo. Oku kuviwa akukhange kwangoko kuvelise umthetho omtsha wesizwe, kodwa kwavela imekobume yezopolitiki eyanyanzela [[FLT:] iSebe lempilo neSebe Leenkonzo Zobuntu [[FLT:[5]] [FT]] ne-Act: [FFFFT] [5] [FT]

Ukuphulaphula kwakhuthazwa kwakhona i-SAMHSA ukusungula inyathelo elitsha elijoliswe kulutsha, [[FLT: 0]“ Sidibene na-” ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kolwazi olusempilweni lwezentlalo-ntle kunye nokwandisa iinkonzo zempilo yengqondo ezisekelwe esikolweni. Ukongeza, iNIMH ibhengeza inkxaso entsha yenkxaso-mali yophando kwii-meya-meyuron kunye nempembelelo yobuntu yoluntu ekukhuleni kweengqondo `````indawo' yobucala)/indawo yophando oluphantsi kwemincilingo. Ngexesha iziphumo zokugqibela zisekho zise zihleli zihleli, iindlebe sele zitshitshitshitshitshise uphano lwe-ase sayensi, bona I-MINT]

Ucelomngeni Nokungakwazi Ukuva

Phezu kwayo nje impembelelo enkulu, ukuchotshelwa kweendlebe kwequmrhu akusicombululi isicombululo seengxaki zengqondo zelizwe.

Iipolitiki Neengxubevange Zezobupolitika

Impilo yengqondo yenye yeendawo ezimbalwa eziseleyo ze-bipartisan, kodwa nalapha, izahlulo ezidibeneyo zingaphelisa iindlebe ezingqubanayo kunye nomthetho olandelayo. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iimpikiswano ngendima karhulumente wesizwe kunye namazwe, ukugqithisa imigangatho yemali, kunye nokufakwa kwemiqathango enxulumene nompu (njengokuba kufundwa uqhagamshelwano phakathi kokugula ngengqondo kunye nogonyamelo lompu) luvimbele iindleko zempilo yengqondo ezibanzi. Umzekelo, ukuva okuphindaphindiweyo [[FLT: 0] uMthetho wezempilo ye-[FLT]. kumthetho we-14 ne 115:1] onxulumene nokungavumelani ukuchasana malunga nenkcazelo yesifo sengqondo esinzulu kunye nomgangatho wonyango olugqithisileyo. Ngexesha lokuyekelela konyango.

Ukuva ngokwako kungenza imiboniso ekhuthaza ukuququzelela, namalungu asebenzisa iqonga ukuchonga iingongoma zezobupolitika kunokuba abandakanye kwingxaki yokwenene. Xa amangqina ebuzwa imibuzo ekhokelayo eyenzelwe ukuqinisekisa iindawo ezikhoyo, injongo yokufumana kwenyani iyancitshiswa. Oku kunokuphelisa ukuthemba kukawonke wonke kwinkqubo kwaye kuyenze ibe nzima ukwakha iminqophiso efunekayo ukwenzela utshintsho olude lwenkqubo.

Ukusikelwa Kwezibonelelo Nezinto Eziza Kuqala

Kwanaxa ukuva kusenza ngokuphumelelayo ityala lotyalo-mali olwandisiweyo, inkqubo yoqingqo-mali karhulumente isoloko ibeka izithintelo ezinzima. Amanyathelo empilo yengqondo akhuphisana nokhuseleko, izibonelelo, imfundo, nezinye iinkqubo zasekhaya ezisikelwe umda wemali encinane. Unyaka wama-2013, i-sequester, ukunciphisa uqingqo-mali lwemali lwe-mali lwe-mali lwe-SAMHSA ngeminyaka emalunga nesihlanu% ngonyaka, nangona kusithiwa izilumkiso ezininzi eziye zabangela ukuba ingxaki ye-opioid iqhubeke. Ngokungakumbi, ukunyanzeleka okusisigxilo semali yempilo yengqondo kunyuswe yimfuno yemali epheleleyo kwimicimbi yeshumi leminyaka elina, ukunciphisa uqingqo-mali ka-R4, kunye nokunye okubalulekileyo okufana nokuphendula kwenkcinezelo-mo yemozulu.

Ukuvakala kusenokuva “kuninzi kakhulu” okusebenzayo: xa iingxaki ezininzi zinikezelwa ngaphandle kokucaciswa, abamisi-nkqubo baba luphawu. Ubuninzi bendlebe kwimpilo yengqondo , qho kumashumi amahlanu eeKhomishini. kwaye kusetyenziswa ukuqinisekisa ukuba izinto ezininzi ezibalulekileyo ezifunyenweyo ziyaphela kwinkumbulo phambi kokuba uqingqo-mali lwengqondo luqale. Ukubala oku, ezinye iikomiti ngoku zifuna ukuva ukulandelela ukuphumeza ingoma nokuqinisekisa ukuba iingqinipho zangaphambili azipheli kubalawuli. Umba obalulekileyo awupheli kwimibaleko. Umbango wonyaka wobeko lwengqondo, bona umbango wonyaka nohlahlolo lwengqondo, bona uhlahlolo lwemali

Ilixa lolawulo nolokuzalisekisa

Kwanaxa ukuva kuphumela ekumiselweni komthetho nasekwemalini, iqumrhu lesebe lesebe lesizwe lingacotha. Kufuneka libhale imimiselo, igalelo, limise iinkqubo zokuhlola ezinokuthatha iminyaka. Umzekelo, iCextifice Community Behavial Health Clinic Clinic C (CBC) umboniso we-, ogunyazisiweyo kunyaka we-2014 Ukukhusela iMedicarea Act, othathe de u-2016 ukuqalisa inkqubo yayo yokuqala yokunika. Ngokufutshane ukuva kwatyhilwa kokuba amazwe amaninzi ayetsala nzima ukuhlangabezana nemilinganiselo ye-crealt, ekhokelela ekuncedeni iimvavanyo. Ngokufanayo, [FLT.FLD:2] [FLD]] [FLT]], ngexesha elithenjiweyo, njengoko kusenziwa impumelelo, izithuba eziphakathi zobungingqini ezikhoyo, ezithene, ezitheneezwayo, ezingekho zi-A.

Ulwalathiso Lwexesha Elizayo: Indlela Iindlebe Ezinokuqhuba Ngayo Utshintsho Olunentsingiselo

Xa kuboniswa amandla nokusikelwa umda kokuva, yintoni enokwenziwa ukucacisa impembelelo yazo kumanyathelo ezempilo yengqondo karhulumente? Utshintsho oluninzi kwinkqubo yokuva, kwakunye nezenzo zomanyano ezisetyenziswa ngamaziko kunye namaqela oonontlalo-ntle, lunganceda.

Ukuqinisa ubungqina Obusekelwe Kubungqina

Ukuva kusebenza kakhulu xa kusekelwe kugcino-lwazi olungqongqo nohlalutyo. IiKomiti kufuneka zimisele ubungqina obuvela kubo bobabini abaphengululi kunye noogqirha abanokunikela ugcino-lwazi olude kwiziphumo, iziphumo zexabiso, kunye neziphumo ezingaqhelekanga. Inkonzo yophando lobuKhonisi (CRLS)[FL:1] kunye ne- i-Government Accomptification Office [GAO) sele ivelisa iingxelo ezintle zophando, kodwa zisoloko zisetyenziswa njengezongezelelelo.

AmaNgqina Aya Axhaphaka

Ngoxa ukuva kusoloko kubandakanya abaxhasi, banqabile kakhulu ukuquka abantu abaye baqhuba inkqubo yempilo yengqondo ngokwabo ngokwabo qhaqha, ngokungakumbi abo basuka kuluntu olunombala, kwiindawo ezisemaphandleni, kunye neemvelaphi eziphantsi. Umgudu owenziwe ngentliziyo ukuqokelela amangqina ahlukeneyo aphilayo amava uya kuqinisekisa ukuba imigaqo ithetha ngeenyaniso zabo bachaphazelekayo kakhulu. Umzekelo, ukuva ngokungabi nankathalo lwengqondo eMelika yasemaphandleni kufuneka kubonise umlimi, inqununu yesikolo sasemaphandleni, kunye nommeli wesikolo sasemaphandleni, hayi ummeli nje ovela kwilungu lesizwe. Oku kuye kwaqhutywa kwiikomiti ezithile eziphulaphuli-ndlebe ezinempumelelo ephawulekayo, kukhokelela ekunikezeleni iinkqubo ezithe-ofisi zasemaphandleni kunye nezikolo zemfundo.

Ukwenza “Imeko yempilo yengqondo yemanyano” Ukuva rhoqo

Enye ingxubevange yokwakha enokuthi incede yimeko “yempilo yeMental Mental” edibeneyo enxulumene neekomiti zempilo zombini amaziko. Ukuva okunjalo kuya kufuna i-SAMH, i-VA, iSebe Lemfundo, kunye neSebe Lezobulungisa elinokunceda ukunikela ingxelo ngeempawu ezingundoqo: amaqondo okuzibulala, ukufikelela emsebenzini, ukunyanzelisa, inkqubela yenyathelo lokusebenza elixhaswa ngurhulumente. Ukunika ingxelo yoluntu rhoqo kungadala i-systiah, i-Piced ments, yenza kube nzima ukuqinisekisa imigaqo yokulityalwa emva komjikelezo omnye wokuva. [FFOT] kunye nendlela yokufumana iimfuno zomthetho ezingakumbi. [FFF] [F]

Isiphelo: Ukubaluleka Okuhlala Kukho Kweengxubakaxaka Zokuchotshelwa Kwetyala

Ukuva kwe-Congress kungaphezulu kunento ethethwa yiprocessical procebral process jl--igumbi le-injini lenkqubo yempilo yengqondo karhulumente. Ukusuka kuMthetho we-Community Mental Health Act ka-1963 ukuya kwi-21st Century Cures Act ukuya ku-988 Emoyence, ukuva kuye kwaba yi-foreum apho iingxaki zazibizwa khona, izisombululo, impikiswano, kunye nezibonelelo ezikhuselekileyo. Zinikela indawo enqabileyo yokudibana phakathi kobungqina benzululwazi, ubungqina bobuqu, kunye nezenzo zemithetho-"aa enokuthi idityaniswe ngengxolo yezobupolitika kwaye ive iziphumo ezihlala ingundumiso.

Kambe ke, ukuva kukodwa akunakucombulula iingxaki ezinzulu zesakhiwo esijongene nenkqubo yempilo yengqondo yase-U.S.: ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi, ukudityaniswa kwe-inshorensi, iinkonzo ezahlulweyo, ihlazo elizingisileyo, kunye nempembelelo engalinganiyo kubemi abagwetyelweyo. Kodwa zihlala zisesona sixhobo sinamandla kwibhokisi yesixhobo sokuqhubela phambili ye-ovesithili. Ngokuqhubeka nokufakta kumgangatho ophezulu weendlebe qha, ugcino-data olungqongqo, kunye nokulandela ukutyhubela phezulu-ngo--ngo--------kanqithi ye-kal-kal-kal-kano-ka-kan'ukuqinisekisa ukuba impilo yengqondo ihlala ikwindawo ephambili kwi-yonke i-ekhorio karhulumente ehambayo ehambayo.

Indlela engaphambili inde, kodwa inkqubo yokuva inika abenzi benkqubo, abaxhasi nabemi ngokufanayo, ukuva okulandelayo akuyobhokisi nje yokuhlola i-("ithuba lokulungisa ikamva lempilo yengqondo eMelika.