Isiseko Solawulo LwezobuGcisa Kumazwe Ahlukeneyo Anamhlanje

Ukuthembana kukawonke-wonke kumaqumrhu karhulumente kuye kwaphela kunyaka omiselweyo kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje. Abahlali baya bethandabuza intshukumisa yamagosa karhulumente, ukuthembeka kweenkqubo zokwenza izigqibo, kunye nendlela yokuphendula elungiselelwe ukukhusela umdla kawonke-wonke. Entlungwini yale ngxaki ikhulayo kukungabikho kolawulo lwendlela yokuziphatha. Xa abemi bekholelwa ukuba urhulumente wabo usebenza ngengqibelelo, ukubonakala, ukuthembeka, ukuthembana. Xa bekrokreza, ukuthemba kuyahla. Eli nqaku lihlola impembelelo enzulu nengenakulinganiswa nempembelelo yolawulo oluluvo olululo lwemilinganiselo yoluntu, ukuphengulula, ukuphanda ngobuchule bokulungisa nokuxhasa.

Ulawulo lwezobucukubhede asiyonto nje enqwenelekayo yentanda-bulumko kodwa sisakhiwo esisebenzayo esibonisa indlela abasebenza ngayo oorhulumente abaneziqu zabo. Unxulumano phakathi kwehambo yokuziphatha nokuthembana kwabantu alukho ngqiqweni okanye abenzi bomcimbi; lulwalamano olubhalwe kakuhle olubumba iziphumo ezikhethiweyo, imigaqo-nkqubo, kunye nokusebenzisana kwentlalo. Ukuqonda olu nxulumano kubalulekile kubenzi bemithetho, abalawuli bezorhulumente, kunye nabemi ngokufanayo abafuna ukuqinisa imigangatho yedemokhrasi.

Ukuchaza uLawulo lweNtloko: Ngaphezu kokuthothoza

Ulawulo lwezoburhulumente ludlulela kude ngaphaya kokuthotyelwa okanye ukungaphili okusemthethweni. Lumela ukuzinikela okupheleleyo kwimigaqo yokuziphatha ekhokela zonke iinkalo zolawulo lukawonke-wonke. Emongweni wayo, ukulawulwa kwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha kukusetyenziswa kwemilinganiselo elungeleleneyo ekusetyenzisweni kwegunya likawonke-wonke, ukuqinisekisa ukuba igunya lifeza okulungileyo kokunye kunokuba kusebenze izilangazelelo zobuqu.

Le ngcamango isekelwe kwizithethe eziliqela ezikrelekrele, kuquka imigaqo yolawulo lukarhulumente, intanda-bulumko yezobupolitika, kunye nenkcubeko yeziko. Abaphengululi abafana noDennis Thompson noMark Bovens baye bachaza imigaqo eyahlula phakathi kwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha (ihambo yamagosa karhulumente) nemigaqo yokuziphatha (indlela yokwenziwa kwemigaqo ekhuthaza imilinganiselo yokuziphatha). Zombini ezi zinto zibalulekile ukuze abantu baqiniseke.

Iintsika Ezine Zolawulo Lwezijikelezi - langa

Ngelixesha isiseko sikhona sokuqonda ulawulo lwendlela yokuziphatha, imigaqo emine edityanisiweyo ivela ngokuqhubekayo njengesiseko:

  • Ukungaguquguquki kwezenzo ezichaziwe zemigaqo yokuziphatha kunye nemigangatho yezobugcisa. Ingqibelelo ifuna ukuba amagosa kawonke-wonke axhathise izilingo zokuzisebenzela, zokukhetha, okanye zokusetyenziswa kakubi kwesikhundla ukuze afumane inzuzo yobuqu. Ifuna ukuba izigqibo zenziwe ngokusekelwe kwisidima nakwinzala kawonke wonke kunokuba kuxolelene nolwalamano lobuqu.
  • Uphazamiso: Ukusasazwa kolwazi malunga nemisebenzi karhulumente, iinkqubo zokwenza izigqibo, kunye nokwabiwa kwamaqumrhu. Ukubonakala gca akuthethi nje ngokuphendula kwizicelo zolwazi kodwa ngokudala iinkqubo apho abemi banokuyiqonda lula indlela nezigqibo ezenziwa ngayo. Vula amanyathelo karhulumente, izibhaliso zikawonke-wonke-wonke zemisebenzi yokufudusa, kunye nolwabiso olufikelelekayo lwamaxwebhu ohlahlo lohlahlo lohlahlo lomthetho konke kunikela ukubonakala.
  • Imbopheleleko yamagunya karhulumente ukuchaza nokuthethelela izigqibo nezenzo zawo kubemi nabameli babo abanyuliweyo. Iinkqubo zokuphendula zisuka kuxanduva lwabanyuliweyo (oooosohlwayo okanye abanomvuzo abakwizixanduva) ukuya kuxanduva oluthe tyaba (oooorhulumente kunye nabaqwalaseli abazimeleyo) kunye nokuphendula kwentlalo-ntle (ukujongana nokuhlolwa kwebutho kunye nophatho-ndaba).
  • Ubuchule bokuphathwa ngokulinganayo kwabo bonke abemi ekusetyenzisweni kwemithetho, imimiselo, neenkonzo zikawonke-wonke. Ubulungisa bufuna ukuba iinkqubo zikarhulumente zingacalucalulo, ukuba iimeko ezifanayo zifumane unyango olufanayo, kwaye abantu ababuthathaka bafumane ulwazelelelo olufanelekileyo. I-Prefedical Justial — ingqiqo yokuba iinkqubo zisesikweni — imicimbi esoloko ifana neziphumo ekuphuculeni ukuthemba kukawonke-wonke wonke.

I- yomsebenzi we-OECD kwiqonga loluntu olumanyeneyo inika ubungqina obuninzi bokuba le migaqo iyaxhasana. Ukubonakala ngaphandle kokuziphendulela kuba kukubhengezwa. Ukuphendula ngaphandle kobulungisa kuba ngulawulo. Ukudibanisa yonke imigaqo emine kudala inkqubo abemi abanokuyithemba.

Indlela yeCausal: Indlela ulawulo lweziko loluntu oluluqinisa ngayo uluntu

Ulwalamano phakathi kolawulo lwendlela yokuziphatha kunye nokuthemba uluntu luxhaswa liqumrhu elinamandla lophando oluthe ngqo. Uvavanyo lwemilinganiselo yomhlaba wonke kunye nemijikelezo emininzi yeNtlalo-ntle yaseYurophu lubonise ukuba ukukholosa kwabemi kwimibutho karhulumente kudityaniswa ngamandla nengqiqo yabo yokusesikweni nokuthembeka. Le ngqungquthela iyaqhubeka inqamleze imo eyahlukeneyo yenkcubeko, iinkqubo zezobupolitika, kunye nemigangatho yokuphuhlisa kwezoqoqosho.

Ulungiso lokuTshenxiswa

Ukwethemba uluntu akumiselwanga kuphela ngokwemilinganiselo enenjongo yomsebenzi karhulumente. Abami benza izigqibo ngokunyaniseka kukarhulumente ngokusekelwe kwimbono yabo yendlela yokuziphatha. Xa abemi bebona ukuphambuka kwesimilo kumatyala aphezulu, umonakalo kuthemba loluntu udlulela ngaphaya kwesiganeko esithile. Uphando luyi- Transparency International Corruption Perceptions Index lubonisa ukuba urhwaphilizo lungolunye lweziqinisekiso ezinamandla zokuthenjelwa phantsi korhulumente kuwo onke amazwe.

Iimeko eziliqela zibumba ezi mbono:

  • IMedia Framing: Indlela ingxelo yamajelo eendaba ngemilinganiselo yokuziphatha karhulumente echaphazela iimbono zikarhulumente. Ubungqina bokubhenca obutyhila ukuchasana kwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha bungabangela ukuphinda kuphinde kubonwe ukunyaniseka kukarhulumente. Ngokuchaseneyo, imeko-bume ye-media engakhange ihlolisise ihambo karhulumente ivumele ukungakhuthazi okufanelekileyo ukuba kuqhubekeke de kufikelele umlinganiselo wamanqam.
  • Amava Obuqu: Abahlali abadibana ngqo neenkonzo zikarhulumente okanye amagosa bavelisa iimbono ezisekelwe kumgangatho, okusesikweni, nokubonakala kwaloo ntshukumo. Ummi ophathwa ngokungekho ngqiqweni ngurhulumente usenokuba usoloko ewafumana amava angakumbi amava okugweba okuthembeka kukarhulumente.
  • Iinethwekhi zokuthembana ezi- ezi-Saculious Special:[[FTL:1] Ukuthemba urhulumente kuphenjelelwa ziindlela ezibanzi zokuthembana kwabantu phakathi kwabantu. Kumazwe apho abemi bathembana khona, basengozini yokuthembana. Ulawulo lweziko lenzululwazi lubonakalisa kwaye luqinise ezi nkqubo zithembanabantu.
  • Uyilo lwe-Institutional Defication: Iimpawu zokwakhiwa kwamaziko karhulumente — njengamandla okuzimela kwejaji, amandla eequmrhu zolawulo, kunye nokufumaneka kwemiqathango yezikhalazo — imbono kawonke-wonke yokuba ulawulo lwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha lungaphumelela kusini na.

Imiphumo Yokukholosa Nokungathembani

Ukuthembela kukawonke wonke kurhulumente kunemiphumo ecacileyo yokuziphatha. Abemi abathemba urhulumente wabo badla ngokufumana

  • Ngokuvumayo ngemithetho
  • Ukuhlawula irhafu ngokunyaniseka
  • Ukuzibandakanya kwimicimbi yezentlalo nezobupolitika
  • Imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente efuna ukuncama ngamalungiselelo
  • Yamkela ukhokelo lwempilo yoluntu olusekelwe kubungqina

Xa ukuthembana kusihla, ezi mpawu zitshintshiso. Ukuphepha irhafu kwanda, ukuthobela imimiselo kuyancipha, kwaye abemi bangarhoxa ekuthembiseni kwamaphondo. Iziko lophando lophando olude olukhawulezileyo lwePew kukholoso kurhulumente [[[FLT: 1]] lunike ingxelo ngeziphumo zokuthotywa kwentelekelelo kulawulo lwedemokhrasi, kuquka ukwanda kwemimandla engaphandle kunye nokuxhasa imibutho yezopolitiko.

Uphando lwetyala oluthelekisayo: Ulawulo lwezibonelelo

Ukuhlolisisa indlela amazwe awahlukahlukene ngayo afikelela ngayo kulawulo lwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha kusinika ingqiqo exabisekileyo ngoko kusebenzayo noko kungenziwayo.

INew Zealand: Umzekelo weNtutho

I-New Zealand isoloko iphakathi koorhulumente abonakeleyo nabathenjwayo emhlabeni wonke. Impumelelo yelizwe isuka kumanyano lwendlela yokuyila nenkcubeko kulawulo lwendlela yokuziphatha.

  • Inkonzo kawonke-wonke emanyanisiweyo enemigaqo engqongqo yokuziphatha nemilinganiselo yezobugcisa
  • IOfisi yoMlawuli, enikela ulwalathiso oluzimeleyo lwamaziko karhulumente
  • Izakhono zolwazi ezivulekileyo ezenza ukuba abemi bafumane inkcazelo karhulumente
  • Inkcubeko yezopolitiko ejonge ukuphulwa kwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha njengemibandela enzulu efuna ukuphendula

Amava aseNew Zealand abonisa ukuba ulawulo lwendlela yokuziphatha lunokufumaneka xa kukho ukuzinikela okuqinileyo kwimijikelo yezobupolitika. Ukusabela kwelizwe kwisifo seCHOVID-19, esibonisa imigangatho ephezulu yokubona ngaphaya kunye nokwenza izigqibo ezisekelwe kubungqina, oko kuqinisa ukuthemba uluntu.

Amazwe aseScandinavia: Ukuthemba Ngokusebenzisa Inkqubela Nokubonisana

ISweden, iDenmark, neNorway zisoloko ziphambili kwizikhundla eziphezulu emhlabeni wonke zokukholosa ngorhulumente nangomgangatho wolawulo. Indlela yazo inxulumene nokuziphatha nemithetho yentlalo-ntle ebanzi kunye nemigangatho ephakamileyo yokulingana kwezoqoqosho. Uphando lubonisa ukuba ulwalamano phakathi kolawulo lwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha kunye nokuthemba kukawonke-wonke kula mazwe kukuziphindezela ngokwawo: amaziko athemba abemi kuba benikela iziphumo ezifanelekileyo, kwaye amaziko agcina imilinganiselo ephakamileyo yemilinganiselo yokuziphatha ngenxa yokuba abemi bawabeke ebeke exanduxweni.

Iinkalo ezingqalileyo zolawulo lwendlela yokuziphatha yaseScandinavia ziquka ezi:

  • Ukubonakala okugqithiseleyo kwimisebenzi karhulumente, kuquka ukufumaneka koluntu kumaxwebhu karhulumente neentlanganiso
  • Uninzi lwabathathi-nxaxheba (77%) lubonise ukuba
  • Umgangatho ophezulu wokuthatha inxaxheba kumgaqo-nkqubo wokwenziwa kweenkqubo zokuhlola
  • Isalathisi somsebenzi wePhondo

Estonia: Ulawulo lwamanani nokubonisa ngaphaya

I-Estonia inikela ingxelo efundisayo yendlela ulawulo lwamanani olunokunyusa ngayo ulawulo lwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha kunye nokuthembeka koluntu. Inkqubo yelizwe ye-e-cure-tool inika abemi ingcace kwaye ilawule ngendlela engakaze ibonwe ngayo ngorhulumente. Izakhamuzi zingabona kakuhle ukuba ngawaphi amagosa aye azifinyelela iirekhodi zawo, adala iindlela ezinamandla zokuphendula. Amava ase-Estonia abonisa ukuba ubugcisa bunokuba ngumncedisi onamandla wendlela yokuziphatha xa luyilwe kakuhle.

Iziqalelo ezingundoqo zofihlo lwe Estonia ziquka:

  • I-X-Road, inkqubo yotshintshiselwano logcino-lwazi olulungeleleneyo eqinisekisa ukuthembeka kogcino-lwazi nokuphicothwa
  • Amakhadi e-ID yamanani enza ukuba ufikelelo olukhuselekileyo nolucace gca kwiinkonzo zikarhulumente
  • Umlinganiselo wendlela yokusebenza
  • Iinkqubo ezisekelwe kwiblokh zokugcina ukuthembeka kogcino-lwazi kwiingxelo zikarhulumente

eBotswana: Ulawulo lwezeNtloko

UBotswana unika imeko yomahluko ukusuka kwi-Saharan esezantsi eAfrika, ebonisa ukuba ulawulo lwendlela yokuziphatha lunokufumaneka kwanakwimeko-bume enzima yezoqoqosho neyolawulo. Ilizwe ligcine imigangatho yolawulo ephezulu ngokuthelekisa noontanga bengingqi, ubukhulu becala ngenxa ye:

  • Imisebenzi enzima yesithethe yokuphendula ephelelisa amaziko
  • Ulawulo lwezobupolitika luzimisele ukulwa nokunganyaniseki
  • Icandelo lolawulo oluzimeleyo elinamandla okwenyaniso okuqinisekisa
  • Imibutho yamakhaya ejonge ihambo karhulumente

Amava eBotswana abonisa ukuba ulawulo lwendlela yokuziphatha alunakuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwezinye iimeko kodwa kufuneka lwakhiwe kwiziseko ezifanelekileyo zasekuhlaleni.

Izisongelo zenkqubo kuLawulo olubungcali

Ukuqonda oko kululaza ulawulo lwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha kubalulekile njengokuqonda oko kulubangelayo.

Ukunganyaniseki Njengetyhefu Yeziko

Ukunganyaniseki kusesona sisongelo singqalileyo nesibonakalayo kulawulo lwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha. Xa amagosa karhulumente esebenzisa izikhundla zawo ukuze afumane inzuzo yobuqu, umonakalo kukuzithemba kwabantu ukhawulezile kwaye unzulu. Ukunganyaniseki kuthatha iindlela ezininzi: ukunyoba, ukurhwebelana, ukuxhasa, kunye neengxwabangxwaba zezithakazelo. Isakhiwo ngasinye siphelisa ukuthembana ngeendlela ezithile. Ukunganyaniseki ekudlulisweni kweenkonzo kubangela unxunguphalo lwamihla ngemihla kubemi, ngoxa urhwaphilizo olukhulu kwimigangatho ephezulu lubonisa ukuba inkqubo yendalo ilawulwa ngokusisiseko.

Iziphumo ezonakalisiweyo zorhwaphilizo zidlulela ngaphaya kwentengiso ekhoyo. Abahlali ababona ukuba urhwaphilizo olusasazekileyo abanakuthemba naliphi na inyathelo likarhulumente, kwanalelo lizinziswe kakuhle. Oku kungathembani kudala umgibe wokulawula apho kwanemigudu yokholo olulungileyo idityaniswe ngokuthandabuza.

Isifo Esibonisa ngaphaya Kwendlela Elula

Ukubonakala gca kuyimfuneko kulawulo lwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha, kodwa kukwanika imingeni entsonkothileyo. Xa oorhulumente betyhila ulwazi ngokukhethayo okanye besebenzisa ukubonakala okucacileyo njengendawo yokubuyisela utshintsho olungaphantsi, ukuthembana kukawonke-wonke kusenokuncipha. Abahlali banokuzazi ngakumbi iingxaki ngaphandle kokubona uphuculo kumgangatho wolawulo. Ngaphezu koko, amanyathelo okubona ngaphaya anokubanjwa ngezilangazelelo ezifanelekileyo ezisetyenziswa ekuhambiseleni phambili izimvo zabo kunokuba basebenzise umdla kawonke wonke.

Ukucaciswa Kwezobupolitika Nokuqhekeka Kokholo

Kwimekobume yezobupolitika egabalele kakhulu, abemi bahlola ulawulo lwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha ngelens ezi-crust. Izenzo ezijongwa liqela njengezokuziphatha nokugwetywa zisenokugwetywa njengezonakeleyo okanye ezizithethelelayo zichaseneyo. Oku kuthatyathwa-hlula kwenza kube nzima ukwakha ukulungelelana ngokwemilinganiselo yemilinganiselo yokuziphatha kunye neenkqubo zokuphendula. Xa amaqumrhu ajongelene nolawulo lungalawuleki, amandla awo okugcina intembelo yawo ancitshiswa kanobom.

Ukulawulwa kolawulo nokonakala kweziko

Ngaphandle kwezenzo zorhwaphilizo ngazinye kusekho ingxaki yokunganyaniseki koburhulumente, apho amaqumrhu olawulo kunye neequmrhu ezilawula izilangazelelo ezifanele zilawule. Le ngxaki ingakumbi ikwicandelo elintsokothileyo nelinamandla ezoqoqosho. Ingingqi zingaqonda ukuba inkqubo ijongene neenguqu ezinamandla, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungathembani okunzulu okuqhubeka nokuba ngawaphi amaqela anegunya.

Ubuchule Bokomeleza Ulawulo Olugosayo

Ukwakha kwakhona intembelo kufuneka kwenziwe imigudu ebanzi, eqhubekayo kwiimeko ezininzi. Ezi ndlela zilandelayo zifumaneka kwiindlela eziphumelelayo zokufikelela kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo kwaye zixhaswa bubungqina bokusebenza.

Ukwakha Iinkqubo zokubonisa ngaphaya

Ukubonakala ngaphaya kokutyhilwa okungasebenziyo kwimisebenzi esebenzayo. Iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zokubona ngaphaya mazihambele phambili zisebenzisane ngeempawu eziqhelekileyo:

  • Vula ii-data ezinika imatshini efundekayo, ukufikelela okunokuphetshwa kulwazi lwe-rhulumente
  • Ushwankathelo lwezigqibo zikarhulumente kunye nengqiqo yazo
  • Ukugcinwa kwemali karhulumente nokufunyanwa kwemali
  • Umthetho ogunyazisa imisebenzi ekhuthazayo kunye neembambano zomdla
  • Ulawulo oluzimeleyo lokusebenzisana nenkqubo yokunyanzelisa

Ukuqinisa Ubuchule Bokuphendula

Ubungqina bufuna ubuchule obuninzi bokomeleza. Akukho ndlela enye eyaneleyo. Iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zidityanisiwe:

  • Amaziko azimeleyo achasene nokunganyaniseki anamandla okwenyaniso ophando
  • Isalathisi somsebenzi wePhondo
  • Iiofisi ze-ofisi zabemi ezinokufumaneka ngaphandle kwemiqobo
  • Iikomiti zolawulo lwePalamente ezinabasebenzi abangoogcisa
  • Ukuhlaziywa kwezenzo zolawulo ezinamaxabiso afanelekileyo
  • Imithetho yokukhusela i-Whistlecup edala imijelo ekhuselekileyo yokuxela ukuziphatha okubi

IBHANGE lehlabathi elilawulayo kunye nomsebenzi wokulwa nokonakala inika uninzi loovimba ekuyileni iinkqubo zokuphendula ezifanelekileyo kubume bolawulo olwahlukeneyo.

Ukuba Nenxaxheba Enzulu Kummi

Xa abemi be-ofisi benamathuba afanelekileyo okuphembelela izigqibo zikarhulumente, ukuthembela kwabo kule nkqubo kuyakhula.

  • Imisebenzi efuna ukubonelela ngesondo enjengeendibano zabemi kunye noqingqo-mali
  • Ingxelo yeNkcubeko yeNkcubeko yeNtshona Koloni
  • Uqeqesho lwezibonelelo zoluntu
  • Iqonga lamanani lokunika iingcamango zomgaqo-nkqubo nokulandela inkqubela
  • Ubuchule bokuyila apho abemi namagosa ahlangeneyo avelisa izisombululo

Ukuveliswa Kwemigaqo Esesikweni Yenkonzo Kawonkewonke

Ulawulo lwezolawulo lwezoburhulumente lufuna ukuba amagosa karhulumente aqeqeshwe, axhaswe, kunye nentshukumisa yokwenza izinto ngendlela efanelekileyo. Oku kuquka:

  • Uqeqesho lwemigaqo-nkqubo yabo bonke amagosa karhulumente, ukusuka kwimigangatho yokungena ukuya kukhokelo oluphezulu
  • Icacile imigaqo yokuziphatha enolwalathiso olusebenzisekayo lokuqhuba iimeko ezinzima
  • Imigaqo-nkqubo efundisayo yabasebenzi abakwiziko elinokunika uxilongo oluyimfihlo
  • Imigaqo-nkqubo yovavanyo lomsebenzi enika umvuzo kwihambo
  • Iziphumo zokwaphulwa kwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha ezilinganayo nezingaguquguqukiyo

Umlinganiselo noLawulo lokunxibelelana

Abemi abanakukholosa ngoko bangenakukubona. Oorhulumente kufuneka bafake ingeniso yomlinganiselo othembekileyo wokulawula nokunxibelelana ngeziphumo ezicacileyo. Oku kuquka:

  • Uphando lolwaneliseko lukawonke-wonke ngeziphumo ezipapashiweyo nezixutyushwayo
  • Umlinganiselo wokunikezelwa kweenkonzo onokuthi abemi bafumane
  • Uphando lolawulo oluzimeleyo lwamaqela athembekileyo esithathu
  • Ukuchasa amazwe ontanga nokwenza ezona zinto zilungileyo

Isiphelo: Umjikelo oqhubekekayo woLawulo lweNtloko nokuThenjelwa Kuluntu

Ulwalamano phakathi kolawulo lwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha nokuthemba uluntu asisositrato esinye. Ulawulo lweziko lwamashishini lwakha ukuthemba uluntu, kwaye ukuthembana kwabantu kunceda oorhulumente ukuba balawule ngokunempumelelo, nto leyo ekwayama ngemilinganiselo yokuziphatha. Lo mjikelo ulungileyo sisiseko sokuzinzisa kwedemokhrasi nolawulo lukawonke-wonke olunempumelelo.

Noko ke, lo mjikelo ungasebenza ngokugqwetha. Xa ulawulo lwendlela yokuziphatha lusilela, ukuthembana koluntu kuyancipha, kwenza kube nzima ngoorhulumente ukufikelela iinjongo zabo, nto leyo ekhokelela ekuqhubekekeni kokugxeka nokudideka. Ukuphulula oku kujijela ezantsi kufuna umgudu oqhubekayo wokutshintsha ulawulo.

Ubungqina obuvela kumazwe obuye baphumelela kwaye bagcina ulawulo lwendlela elungeleleneyo bucacile: akukho zinqumlisi. Ukubonakala ngaphandle kokuziphendulela akwanele. Imithetho yokuziphatha ngaphandle kokunyanzelisa ayisebenzi. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kubangela ukungathembeki. Amazwe aphumeze iqondo eliphezulu lokuthemba uluntu akwenze njalo ngokuzibophelela ngokuzinzileyo zonke iintsika ezine zolawulo lwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha: ukuthembeka, ukubonakala, ukuphendula, nokusesikweni.

Koorhulumente abafuna ukuphinda bafumane intembelo kuluntu kwixesha lokungaqiniseki okusasazekileyo, indlela ephambili ixhomekeke ekubonakaliseni ngesenzo ukuba ukulawulwa kwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha akulophupha kodwa ngumkhwa wemihla ngemihla. Zonke izigqibo, nayiphi na indlela yokuziphendulela, nayiphi na indlela yokuqhubana nabemi, kwaye nayiphi na inkxalabo ekhoyo kunye nabemi lithuba lokomeleza okanye ukudodobalisa ukuthemba kokuba ulawulo lwedemokhrasi lufuna ukusebenza ngokunempumelelo.