Ukwazisa: Impembelelo Ekhulayo Yenzululwazi Yabemi Kwinkqubo Yamanzi

Amanzi asisiseko sobomi, kodwa ukulawula ubunjani bawo kunye nokufumaneka kwawo kuseyenye yezona ngxaki zinzima ezijamelene noorhulumente, amashishini, kunye noluntu emhlabeni wonke. Ukujongwa kwamanani kunye nokuphuhliswa kwenkqubo kusoloko kuxhomekeka kubuncwane obulinganiselweyo benzululwazi, nto leyo ekhokelela kwizithuba zogcino-lwazi nokungakhawulezi ukuvela kwezisongelo. Kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini edluleyo, inzululwazi yemi/inzululwazi .ukusebenza kwemisebenzi engenziwangagunyaziyo kuphando lwenzululwazi, kwaye i-indawo ekhoyo. Eli nqaku lihlola indlela uphando olulawula ngayo amanzi, ukukhuthaza iinkqubo eziphumelelayo. Ngokukhuthaza ulwazi lwengingqi nehlombe, nangokunyusa amathuba okuzinzisa phambili kwezo ezisetyenziswa ngurhulumente, ukuvelisa imigaqo-ophakal

Ukuchaza Inzululwazi Yabemi Nendima Yayo Kuphando Lwamanzi

Inzululwazi yengingqi ibandakanya uluntu kwimisebenzi yophando lwenzululwazi njengengqokelela yogcino-lwazi, uhlalutyo, kunye nokutolika. Kwicandelo lamanzi, amatsha - ntliziyo ajonga imilambo, amachibi, amanzi aphantsi komhlaba, kunye nemimandla yonxweme yemida efana neqondo lobushushu, i-pH, i-turbibidity, i-oksijini enyibilikayo, kunye nobukho bezinto ezingcolisayo ezifana ne-nitrate, i-phosphates, kunye nezinyithi ezinzima. Le ngcamango ayiyonto entsha `athermistruit' enegalelo kwi-hyrology ngeminyaka emininzi", kodwa ubugcisa bezi mini i-Smartphone, izimfonone, izimvo ezisezantsi, kunye namaqonga-ahthi aphezulu avumela amawaka abathathi ukuba badlulisele iingculo zobuzwe ngezo zendalo nyani.

Intlangano enjenge uHlomelo lwezeNkcubeko yase-U.S. kunye ne-European Environment Agency ngoku iyazi ngokucacileyo inzululwazi njengomthombo ofanelekileyo wogcino-lwazi lwemeko-bume. Oku kutshintsha kubonisa intshukumo ebanzi kulawulo lokwahlukana, apho ukwenza izigqibo kufundiswa kungekuphela nje yiingcali kodwa nabantu abaphila kufutshane nobuncwane obulawulwayo. Ukwenziwa kwenzululwazi ngommiselo wabemi kunceda ukugcwalisa izithuba ezibalulekileyo zogcino-lwazi olubalulekileyo, ingakumbi emaphandleni nasemimandlani apho uphatho lwezolwazi lungahlaliyo okanye lungekho.

Umatshini: Indlela Inzululwazi yelizwe Ephembelela Ngayo Ngokungqalileyo Ipolitiki Yamanzi

Impembelelo yenzululwazi kwinkqubo yamanzi ayingozi. Isebenza kwiindlela ezidityanisiweyo eziliqela eziguqula uluvo loluntu lube lulawulo kunye nocwangciso olucwangcisiweyo.

Ukuzalisa imida yogcino-lwazi nokufumana izisongelo eziqhaqhazelisayo

Amasebe karhulumente asoloko engenaluvo kunye nabasebenzi abanokujonga wonke umntu ohlala emanzini ngokuqhubekayo. Amatsha - ntliziyo abemi banokuyandisa ngokuphawulekayo ingxolo kunye nentlawulo yexeshana. Umzekelo, ababoniseli boluntu bangabona iintyatyambo ze-algal, ukulahla okungekho mthethweni, okanye ukuphazamisa amanzi aselwandle kwiiveki phambi kokuba uphando olusemthethweni lukho. Oku kulumkisa abenzi bemithetho efunekayo ukukhupha izikhuphiso zempilo, ukunyanzelelwa kwemiqathango, okanye ukuhlenga ulwahluzo lwamanzi. Uhlolisiso lubonise ukuba ulwazi oluqululweyo lungavisisani nobuchule bobugcisa xa uqeqesho olufanelekileyo kunye nemithetho elandelwayo.

Ukwakha Ukwazi Uluntu Nokuthanda Kwezobupolitika

Xa abemi belubonile ngqo ungcoliso okanye ukunqongophala kwamanzi kwiindawo abahlala kuzo, baba ngabameli abanamandla benguqulelo. Ukuthabatha inxaxheba ekuhloleni iinkqubo kufundisa amatsha - ntliziyo ngenkqubo yenzululwazi nokuntsonkotha kolawulo lwamanzi. Oku kudla ngokuthetha ukubhalisana kwebutho labantu, njengokungqina ekuchotshelweni kwetyala likawonke-wonke, ukudibana namagosa anyuliweyo, okanye ukuvota iinkokeli ezixhalabele indalo. Ngenxa yoko, abenzi benkqubo bajoliswe kwingcinezelo engakumbi yokucombulula imicimbi yamanzi enokuthi ngenye indlela isenokuhlala iphantsi kwemicimbi yezobupolitika.

Ukunikela Ubungqina Bokutshintsha Umgaqo

Ugcino-lwazi olunamandla lwenzululwazi lungasetyenziswa kumatyala enkundla, uhlolo lwemekobume, kunye nokuchotshelwa kwemithetho-siseko. Umzekelo, ugcino-lwazi oluqokelelwe ngabaququzeli be-engile namaqela okulondolozwa kwemali e-United Kingdom lukhe lwakhankanywe kwi-paramente kwimibuzo yongcoliso lomlambo oluvela kwezolimo. EUnited States, i- i-Environmental Protection Agency [ ikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kogcino-data yabemi phantsi koMthetho we-Cec Water Act, ibonelela imilinganiselo yomgangatho ofanelekileyo. Olu lwazincomo luthetha ukuba imigaqo yamanzi ecacileyo isomelelwe ngobungqina obuqokelelwe ngamatsha - mandla kunokuba ixhomekeke kuphela kwiinkqubo ezingokwasemthethweni.

Ukunika Amandla Abantu Basekuhlaleni Kwindawo Ehlala Abantu

Kumazwe amaninzi asakhasayo, inzululwazi yabemi isebenza njengesixhobo solawulo lwamanzi ahamba noluntu. Abahlali bedolophana abajonga imithombo nemithombo yabo bangabhala iinguqu zamaxesha onyaka, iziganeko zokungcoliswa kwemozulu, kunye neziphumo zokukhutshwa koshishino. Ukuxhotyiswa kolu gcino-lwazi, bathetha ngokunempumelelo ngakumbi namasebe karhulumente neenkampani zabucala. Le ndlela ye-Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM), egxininisa ukungenelela nokusebenza kwemiqathango ehloniphekileyo kunye nokwenza izigqibo ezifanelekileyo.

Impumelelo Ephawulekayo: Uphando lwemeko yenzululwazi yabemi eChazaza ukuchana kwemiqathango yamanzi

Iindlela ezininzi eziye zasetyenziswa ehlabathini lonke zibonisa indlela inzululwazi eluncedo ngayo ekulawuleni amanzi.

Umgada wamanzi (United States)

Ivela kwii-1990, iinkqubo zeWater Watch zisebenza kuwo onke ama-50 eengxelo zase-United States. Amatsha - ntliziyo aqeqeshiwe ngamasebe karhulumente kunye neentlangano ezingafumani ngeniso aqokelela iisampuli zamanzi enyanga nganye esuka kumawaka e-ofisi. Kumazwe afana noMaryland kunye no-Oregon, olu gcino-lwazi luye lwasetyenziswa ukuchaza ii-mouse ezishushu zokulima, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiiplani zokulawula ingcalizo kunye neemfuno zommandla wesigcini-mo sendalo. ISebe leMaryland leMelika yeMerika lisebenzisa ugcino-lwazi lwabemi ekuhlolweni nokubuyiselwa kwemali efunyenweyo. Impumelelo yezi nkqubo ikhuthaza ukwanda kolawulo lwabemi kwimimandla ekhulayo efana nongcoliseko-PFAS.

I-UniverhowName

I-European Fogramy Directive ye-European Union ifuna ukuba amalungu elizwe aphumeze "imeko entle yemekobume engqongileyo" kuzo zonke ii-aterbodies. Noko ke, amazwe amaninzi awabinabo ubuchule bokuqwalasela yonke imilambo kunye nedibene. Inyathelo loMlambo weWatch, eliquququzelelwe yi-Earneatch Europe, liqeqesha abemi ukuba baqwalasele impilo yomlambo ngokusebenzisa iindlela eziqhelekileyo. Amaqela amanani abhaliweyo amanani amanani ahlukeneyo eemeko-metanki, iimeko zokuhamba, kunye nemichizamchiza. Ugcino-lwazi oluninzi lwawo afumana iingxelo ze-EURhinethi ezinika izala nemithetho elungele ukulawulwa koMlambo. Kwisigxawo owenziwe ngamatshayo, ukujonga uxwebhu kumgangatho womgangatho emva kwemiqatha emva kwemimiselo yoshishino, anika ubungqina bokubambano eqinileyo.

Isicwangciso Seganga – Ukuhlolwa Koluntu EIndiya

UMlambo waseIndiya iGanga ngomnye weyona ingcoliswe kakhulu ehlabathini phezu kwamashumi eminyaka yongenelelo lukarhulumente. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abami benzululwazi baphumeza imisebenzi enjenge Ugcino-lwazi lweGanga iHub luye lwabandakanya abantu basekuhlaleni ekulandeleni imithombo yongcoliso, kuquka ukukhutshwa kwenkunkuma engalungiswanga kunye nokukhutshwa koshishino. Amatsha - ntliziyo asebenzisa ii-applerly achaza ukulahlwa okungekho mthethweni nokulinganiswa kwemiqathango. Le nkcazelo yexesha lokwenene inikwe kwiBhunga lesiZwe laseGanga kwaye isetyenziswa ukucela ukuphendula ityala kumashishini angcolileyo. Ngoxa imingeni enzima ingeka, inyathelo lishenxwe incoko esuka kucwangciso oluphezulu lococococotho, ubungqina obusekelwe kwimizwano basekuhlaleni.

Ukujonga ubunjani bamanzi oLuntu eMzantsi Afrika

Kwindawo yemfundo yasemva kwe-apartheid yaseMzantsi Afrika, ukufumaneka kwamanzi nokungalingani okunzulu kuhlala kusingisele kumgangatho ophezulu. Iintlangano ezinjenge Aquafound kunye neeyunivesithi zasekuhlaleni ziqeqeshe abemi beendawo zokuhlala ezingacwangciswanga ukuba bajonge amanzi empomponi kunye nemijelo ekufuphi. EKapa, ugcino-lwazi lwabemi lutyhila ukungcoliswa okungapheliyo kwamanzi asetyenziswa ngabemi abaphantsi, lukhuthaza isixeko ukubonelela ezinye iimvelaphi zamanzi nokulungisa izicwangciso zokukhusela amanzi. Le meko ingqina indlela inzululwazi ekwazi ngayo ukulungisa ukungahoywa ngokunika ugcino-data olubalulekileyo oorhulumente abangenakuyityeshela.

Ucelomngeni Lokumisela Inzululwazi Yabemi Kwinkqubo Yamanzi

Phezu kwayo nje impumelelo yayo, ukudibanisa inzululwazi kwimithetho yamanzi esemthethweni akucacanga. Imiqobo emininzi kufuneka yoyiswe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ugcino-lwazi lwamatsha - ntliziyo luyathenjwa, luyaxhaswa, kwaye lusetyenziswa ngokunempumelelo.

Ubunjani bogcino-lwazi kunye nomgangatho

Enye yezinto ezizixhalabisa kakhulu kukuthembeka kogcino-lwazi oluqokelelwe ziingcaphephe. Ubuchule bokulinganisa i-libration, kunye nokuphindeka kwezixhobo kungazisa iimpazamo. Ukuchaza oku, iinkqubo eziphumelelayo zinikela ngamandla ekuqeqesheni, zinike izikhitshane ezisemgangathweni, kunye nokusebenzisa ulawulo lomgangatho olufana nokuphinda-phinda iisampuli kunye nokulinganisa okuphakathi kobuchule. Xa ugcino-lwazi lusetyenziswa ekwenzeni izigqibo zokulawula, abameli bangafuna ukuqinisekiswa okungakumbi yinzululwazi engoonolwazi. Ukumisela imigaqo-mthetho yehlabathi jikelele yokuhlola amanani amanzi abemi abakwinzululwazi yenzululwazi, kwaye kuvavanywa ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwi-hyrolog-8./8.

Ukubonelela ngemali kunye nokulondolozwa kwezithuba ezinde

Iinkqubo zamatsha - ntliziyo zisoloko zixhomekeke kwinkxaso-mali yeprojekthi yexeshana elifutshane, okanye iminikelo yohlobo oluthile evela kwiiyunivesithi. Xa imali yomile, ukujongwa kweliso, neminyaka ye-data eqhubekayo iyalahleka. Ukuze ibe yinxalenye esisigxina yolawulo lwamanzi, inzululwazi ifuna inkxaso eqinileyo yemali evela kuqingqo-mali lukarhulumente, mhlawumbi ngokusebenzisa uludwe lwemiqathango olunikezelwayo kwimibutho engqongileyo. Umanyano loluntu kunye nokudityaniswa kwabantu ngabanye kuye kwanceda eminye imisebenzi ukuba iqhubeke, kodwa ukugcinwa ixesha elide kuhlala kungubuthathaka.

Ukulondoloza Ubandakanyeko Lomthabathi - nxaxheba

Ihlombe lokuzithandela lingancipha, ingakumbi ukuba abathathi-nxaxheba ababoni ukuba ugcino-lwazi lwabo luphembelela izigqibo. Amaqondo okuzigcina ziphantsi xa imisebenzi iphindaphindwa okanye xa iinzame zibuthathaka. Iinkqubo eziphumelelayo zigcina abathathi-nxaxheba beqhutywa ngokusabelana ngeziphumo ngokukhawuleza, ukuvuma iminikelo kwiingxelo, nokunika amathuba okuqeqesha okanye ukhokelo oluphambili. Amalungu eGantition (iiindawo eziphembelela iinkokeli) kunye neziganeko zoluntu nawo akwanceda. Abaphathi-mthetho banokukhuthaza ukukhuthaza ukukhuthaza amatsha - ntliziyo kwikomiti yezolawulo okanye kwimiboniso yokwazisa abantu.

Ukwahlula-hlula Amanani Nokulingana

Amaqonga amaninzi enzululwazi axhomekeke kwii-cellphone, kwi-intanethi, kunye ne-internet yoqhagamshelwano yesiNgesi. Oku kubandakanya abantu abasemaphandleni, abalupheleyo, nabangenayo abasenokuba abangenalwazi oluninzi ngobugcisa. Imingeni yamanzi ichaphazela ngokungenakuthelekiswa nale maqela, ngoko ke ukungazifaki phantsi iinjongo ezithe ngqo zenzululwazi yokudityaniswa kwezixhobo. Izicombululo ziquka ukuqokelelwa kogcino-lwazi ngaphandle kwekhompyutha, inkxaso yolwimi lweelwimi ezininzi, kunye nokusebenzisana nemibutho yasekuhlaleni ukubonelela okanye ezinye iindlela ezisekelwe kwiphepha. Ukuvavanyanisa ukuba ummi wenzululwazi ubonakalisa uluntu oluchaphazelekileyo kuyimfuneko ekuveliseni iinkqubo zenzululwazi ezinceda wonke umntu.

Amathuba: Ukomeleza Unxulumano Lwenzululwazi Nezamapolisa

Ukuhambela phambili kwezobugcisa nolawulo kuvula iindlela ezintsha zokudibanisa inzululwazi yabemi ngokunzulu ngakumbi kulawulo lwamanzi.

I-IoT ne-Iot ezihamba phantsi

Izivo eziphantsi zamaxabiso emida efana ne-turbidity, intsebenziswano, kunye ne-oksijini enyibilikileyo ziyafumaneka ngokubanzi. Xa zidityaniswe ne-Internet-of-ofs (IoT), ezi zixhobo zingadlulisela imisinga yedata eqhubekekayo kumaqonga amnyama. Izazinzulu zelizwe zingathumela izimvo ezinjalo kwimimandla yazo kunye nokufikelela komchamo ophilayo. Le mxubeko wemiqubeko ebanzi nesombululo sexesha eliphezulu inika umfanekiso othe jijekeleleyo womgangatho wamanzi ongenakukwazi ukudibana nawo neenkqubo zobugcisa ezingoonolwazi ezingoonolwazi ezikwazi ukukhupha ingcedonga yokwenene okanye ukukhupha iimpendulo ezihambayo.

Ubuntlola obuyenziwa kunye noqhagamshelwano logcino-lwazi

Ii-algorithm zokufunda umatshini zinganceda ukucoceka nokuhlalutya ii-data zenzululwazi ezinkulu zommi, ukwazi ukuchaza iipateni kunye nee-omaliales ezingenakukwazi ukubhaqwa ngesandla. I-Al ingadibanisa idata yamavolontiya ngomzobo wesatellite, iirekhodi zokujonga okusemthethweni, kunye nemodeli yenqanawa enamanzi. Inyathelo elilandelayo liyirhintyela le migangatho efana [ i-NASA's ummi wabemi wenzululwazi yenzululwazi ibonisa indlela iinkqubo zogcino-data ezinokuxhasa ngayo inkqubo ngokunika imbono ebumbeneyo yemithombo yamanzi.

Ukutyikitya imibuzo yophando nemfuno zomgaqo-nkqubo

Kunokuba bashiye iprojekthi zenzululwazi zisebenze ngokwahlukileyo, abameli bamanzi bangasebenzisana namaqela oluntu ukususela ekuqaleni. Ngokumiselana ngemithetho yokuhlola esekelwe kwimibuzo ethile yenkqubo . Njenge "Isitya sokutya sidibana nowona mthwalo waso wemihla ngemihla wephosphorus? okanye "Injani utshintsho lwemozulu oluchaphazela ukuvuselelwa kwamanzi asemhlabeni kule ncam ye-aquifer?".."ukungavumelani nokutshintsha kwesithethe phakathi kwe-bhureacraccas ukudibanisa uphando lwawo, kodwa iinkqubo zenqwelo-moya kwimimandla efana ne-Phosphos kunye neDanube Basin zibonise ukuba ziyasebenza kwaye ziyasebenza.

Ukugqalwa Kwasemthethweni Nakwiziko

Amanye amazwe aphumeza imithetho ebhaqa ngokusemthethweni ukuba inzululwazi ingumthombo olungileyo wobungqina. Umzekelo, i-Open Data Direct ye-European ikhuthaza ukusetyenziswa "kogcino-lwazi olunentsingiselo ebanzi" ekunikeni ingxelo yemekobume. EUnited States, iBhomfolescoisence and Citizentitize Science Act (15 U.S.C. 3724) ibhekisa amaqumrhu asemthethweni ukuqwalasela inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yenzululwazi. Ukwandisa ezo zimo zomthetho eziquka ngokucacileyo ukugada amanzi kuya kunika ubunzima obungakumbi bogcino-lwazi kulawulo, izigqibo zemali, kunye neempikiswano zamalungelo amanzi.

Ikamva: Inzululwazi Eyintloko Yabemi Kulawulo Lwamanzi

Xa ijonge phambili, inzululwazi yabami inokuba lilungu elingundoqo lenkqubo yokuhlola amanzi esizwe nehlabathi lonke. Injongo yokuzikhusela ekuphuhlisweni kwamanzi i-6 (amanzi acocekileyo kunye nogutyulo) ifuna "ukwandisa ukuthathi-nxaxheba koluntu" kubaphathi bamanzi. Inzululwazi yengingqi yoluntu inikela indlela eluncedo yokufikelela elo xhoba. Njengoko utshintsho lwemozulu lusanda, izikhukula, kunye nezisongelo zongcoliso, imfuneko yogcino-lwazi olukhawulezileyo, olufumaneka kummandla wasekuhlaleni kuphela. Amaziko karhulumente akanakunyusa ukuqwalasela kwawo ngokukhawuleza ngokwaneleyo ukuze agcine isantya se-$11/11/11, kodwa iinkqubo zolwandolo lwabemi abathenjiweyo.

Iinkqubo zemfundo yokusingqongileyo kwizikolo ziya zibandakanya ukugadwa kwamanzi njengemisebenzi yokufunda ngezandla. Oku kwenza umbhobho wenzululwazi yexesha elizayo kunye nabemi abanolwazi abaya kulindela ukuba kubekho ukubonakala nokuthabatha inxaxheba kulawulo lwamanzi. Okwangoku, iinkqubo zezizwe ngezizwe ezifana ne Citin Science Association kunye ne-Global Lake Ecological Observation Network Comment zisabelana ngemisebenzi engcono kwaye ziphuhlisa imigangatho yomhlaba wonke yokuhlola imithetho yamanzi. Oku kuya kwenza kube lula ngabenzi benkqubo yomgaqo-nkqubo ukuthemba nokusebenzisa ugcino-data lwabemi kwimidabangemi.

Ulawulo oluzinzileyo kunye neeseti zokuzondla

Olunye uphuhliso oluthembisayo kukudibanisa inzululwazi kulwakhiwo lolawulo olulungelelanisiweyo. Izikhululo zingamisela amacebo aqhubekayo abonisayo: abemi baqokelela ugcino-lwazi, abahlalutyi baluchaza, abalawuli balungelelanise imigaqo-nkqubo, kwaye bajonge iziphumo zaloo mijikelo. Lo mjikelo ukhawulezisa ukufunda kwaye uvumele ulungiso olukhawulezileyo. Umzekelo, ukuba umthetho omtsha wesichumiso ukhokelela ekunciphiseni i-ni kwe-nithamo ye-nithayitha, abami bayakwazi ukufumanisa inkqubela-phambili kwiinyanga, ukuqinisekisa impumelelo yenkqubo nokukhokelela kwinyathelo elinamandla.

Ukwakha Ukukhululeka Kubantu Abanokuhlaziywa

Kuluntu olungenayo kunye noluntu oluqhelekileyo, inzululwazi yabemi ayisosixhobo sokuqokelela ugcino-lwazi kodwa isithuthi sokuzilungiselela. Xa la maqela enogcino-lwazi kunye nengxelo ekufuphi nalo, anokuba nocelomngeni lwenkqubela-phambili ephezulu esongela inkxaso yawo yamanzi. Imibutho yezizwe ngezizwe efana neBhanki yehlabathi iqalisa ukuxhasa uhlomelo lwezemibutho yokhuseleko lwamanzi njengenxalenye yeeprojekthi. Iqinisekisa ukuba ezi zinyathelo zenziwe ngomanyano lokwenene //h[3] hayi nje ngokukhutshwa kogcino-lwazi olukhutshwayo olubalulekileyo oluyimfuneko kwimilinganiselo yokuziphatha kunye neziphumo ezisebenzayo.

Isiphelo: Imbopheleleko ekwabelwanayo Ngegosa Lamanzi

Indima yommi wenzululwazi ekulungiseni inkqubo yamanzi iye yakhula ukusuka kuvavanyo lwendawo ukuya kuqheliselo oluqhelekileyo. Ngokunika ugcino-lwazi oluqinileyo, ulwakhelo lwezopolitiko, kunye nokunika abantu intsebenziswano, uluntu luthetha ngezithuba ezingenakuzaliswa ngamaziko asesikweni kuphela. Imizekelo evela eUnited States, e-Europe, eIndiya, naseMzantsi Afrika ibonisa ukuba xa amatsha - ntliziyo exhotyiswe ngoqeqesho olufanelekileyo neminikelo yawo ithathwa nzulu, imigaqo yamanzi iyasabela ngokufanelekileyo, iyalingana, kwaye iyaphumelela.

Kodwa amathuba anokuqondwa ngokuzeleyo. Ukoyisa imingeni enxulumene nomgangatho wogcino-lwazi, ukuxhasa inkxaso-mali, ukuganana, nokuthelekisa imigaqo-nkqubo kuya kufuna ukuba kubekho utyalo-mali oluxhasiweyo kunye notshintsho olufanelekileyo olungokweziko. Oorhulumente kufuneka bathathe ngaphaya kokujonga inzululwazi njengomsebenzi wonxibelelwano lwabemi kwaye endaweni yoko bayithabathe njengelungu elingundoqo lolawulo lwamanzi. Oku kuthetha ukuba uqingqo-mali oludityanisiweyo, ukuhlaziya izakhiwo zomthetho, nokwamkela ubugcisa obudibanisa iimbono zokuzithandela ngokuthe ngqo ekwenzeni izigqibo.

Kwixesha lokutshintsha okukhawulezileyo kwemekobume, akukho nto inye engakwaziyo ukuqwalasela umsinga, idike, okanye i-aquifer. Inzululwazi yengingqi inikela indlela yokusasaza, abaphathi abalawulwa ngodemokhrasi/izigidi zamehlo kunye nezivo ezisebenza ngokunxulumene nezazinzulu kunye nabenzi benkqubo. Impilo yobuncwane bethu bamanzi, kunye noluntu oluxhomekeke kuwo, iya kuxhomekeka ngakumbi kwindlela esiwadibanisa ngayo la mazwi kwilaphu lenkqubo yamanzi.