Minyaka le, izigidi zabantu baseMerika zisebenzisana nomthetho xa kumiswa iinqwelo-mafutha, xa kudibana izitrato, okanye xa kubanjwa. Ukwazi amalungelo akho asemthethweni kula maxesha kusenokuthetha umahluko phakathi konxibelelwano oluqhelekileyo kunye nemeko ekhula ibe ngumthetho ombi. Olu khokelo lunikela ushwankathelo olucokisekileyo, olusebenzisekayo lwamalungelo akho ngexesha lokudibana kwamapolisa nokubanjwa, oko umele ukwenze ukuze uzikhusele, kwaye ufumane apho ulwazi olongezelelekileyo.

Amalungelo akho omGaqo-siseko ekuthetheni

Ukhuseleko onalo ngexesha lokudibana kwamapolisa lusekelwe kumGaqo-siseko wase-U.S., ingakumbi owesine, wesihlanu, noweSithandathu. Ukuqonda ezi ziphendu zisisiseko sokwazi indlela yokusabela xa kufikelelwa kumthetho onyanzelisayo.

UMthetho Wesine Wokwenziwa Komhlaba: Ukukhuselwa Kuphando Olungekho Lubulumko Nokungatyhileki

UHlomelo lwesine lukwalela ukuqhuba uphando olungekho ngqiqweni nokuxhuzula. Oku kuthetha ukuba amagosa asoloko efuna isiqinisekiso esityikitywe ngumgwebi, mhlawumbi isizathu, okanye imvume yakho yokuzithandela yokukuphengulula, inqwelo-mafutha yakho, okanye ikhaya lakho. Kwakhona kuthetha ukuba awunakuvalelwa ixesha elide ngokungekho ngqiqweni ngaphandle kokukrokra okanye ngaphandle kokukrokrela okanye ukufumanisa ukuba kunokwenzeka.

UMthetho Wesihlanu Ohlaziyiweyo: Ilungelo Lokuthula

IsiHlaziyo sesihlanu sikukhusela ekunyanzelweni ukuba ube lingqina ngokuchasene nawe. Esi sisiseko selungelo lakho lokuthula. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba uphendule imibuzo enokukubangela ucaphulo, kwaye ungakhetha ukuyeka ukuphendula nangaliphi na ixesha. Noko ke, kufuneka usebenzise eli lungelo ngokucacileyo xa uzimisele ukulisebenzisa, ingakumbi kwizicwangciso ezingakunanziyo.

UMthetho Wesithandathu Wokwenziwa Kwemvisiswano: Ilungelo Lokufumana Inqwelo - moya

Xa uvalelwe emkhosini, unelungelo lokuba negqwetha ngexesha lokuncina. Ukuba awunamali yokufumana igqwetha, omnye uza kumiselwa kuwe ngesisa. Kubalulekile ukucela igqwetha ngokukhawuleza xa uvakalelwa ukuba imeko inzima.

Iindidi Zokudibana Kwamapolisa

Ukusetyenziswa kwamapolisa kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwendawo adibana ngayo. Kukho iindidi ezintathu ezingundoqo.

Amadabi Aqhelekileyo

Ufikelwa ngokungxamisekileyo xa ipolisa lisondela kuwe kwindawo kawonke-wonke lize likubuze imibuzo, awuvalelwanga. Ukhululekile ukuba uhambe nanini na, akunyanzelekanga ukuba uphendule imibuzo, kwaye ungasuka nje uhambe ukuba uziva ungakhululekanga, lo gama nje ungalithinteli igosa. Ukuba ukhetha ukuphendula, yonke into othe yathetha ukuba izakusetyenziswa nxamnye nawe.

UTerry umisa (Iinjongo zokutshintsha ulawulo)

Ukuba igosa linobugrogrisi obusengqiqweni obukukrokrela ukuba ubandakanyekile kumsebenzi wolwaphulo-mthetho, bangama kwaye bakubambe kancinci ukuze bakubuze. Oku kwaziwa njenge-'[[FLT: 0] Terry ukumisa phandle kwempahla yakho ukuba ukholelwa ukuba uxhobile kwaye uyingozi. Akukhululekanga ukushiya ngexesha letyala leNkundla ePhakamileyo Terry v. Ohioh.[FLT]]. U-'umva u-Tervery'''''. U-'u-mek' u-'igosamele ume, umphathi ungazibeka phantsi phandle kwezixhobo zakho ukuba ucinga ukuba uxhobile kwaye uyingozi. Awukhululeki ukhululekile ukushiya ngexesha lokumisa okusemthethweni okusemthethweni, kodwa akufuneki ukuba uphendule imibuzo ngaphandle kokuzichaza ukuba unemithetho-edensile.

Ukubanjwa

Ubanjwa xa amapolisa enokuba nesizathu sokukholelwa ukuba wenze ulwaphulo-mthetho. Awusakhululekile ukuphuma. Kweli nqaku, amalungelo akho andayo: unelungelo lokuhlala uthulile kwaye unelungelo kwigqwetha. Amapolisa kufuneka akuxelele ngamalungelo akho amaManda phambi kokukubuza xa uselugcinweni. Ukuba akakwenzi, iingxelo zakho zinokucinywa enkundleni.

Amalungelo Akho Angqalileyo Ngexesha Lokumiswa Kwamapolisa

Enoba utsalwa emotweni okanye uyeka esitratweni, ukwazi amalungelo onokuwachaza kuya kukunceda uhlale uzolile uze uzikhusele.

Ilungelo Lokuhlala Uthe cwaka

Ungachaza ngokucacileyo: " Ndisebenzisa ilungelo lam lokungathuli. Emva koko, musa ukuphendula nayiphi na imibuzo engaphaya kwento (ngokokuba ikhangeleka ingenabungozi njenge "Uyaphi" okanye "Uyazi ukuba kutheni ndikuyekile" kutheni kuphela? Ukuthula kukodwa akwanele ukucela ulungiso lwesihlanu kwimida ethile; kufuneka uthi ukhuthaza ekunene kwakho. Xa ucela, abaphathi mabayeke ukukubuza. Noko ke, kufuneka unike igama lakho kwaye uchaze ukuba kufuneka ngokomthetho (njengoko kumiswe nge-indawo yokumisa okanye e-i-inkonzo).

Ilungelo Lokwala Ukuvunyelwa Ukuba Uphande

Amapolisa asoloko ecela imvume yokuphengulula imoto yakho, ingxowa, okanye umntu. Unelungelo lokulandula. Yithi: andivumi ukuphendla. Oku kungavumi akuwaniki ngesizathu esilindelekileyo. Noko ke, ukuba amagosa anemvume okanye unobangela olindelekileyo (umz., abona izinto ezingekho mthethweni zijongeke ngokucacileyo), bangaphengulula ngaphandle kwemvume yakho. Ngamaxesha onke akwala ngokuzithoba kodwa ngokulula. Ungaluchasi uphendlo olukhoyo naxa ungalwanga ulwaphulo-mthetho.

Ilungelo Lokufumana Iathorney

Ukuba ubanjwa okanye uvakalelwa kukuba uyancinwa, cela igqwetha ngoko nangoko. Yithi: " Ndifuna ukuthetha negqwetha." Xa usenza esi sicelo, amapolisa kufuneka ayeke ukubuza de igqwetha lakho lifike. Ungalichasi eli lungelo nokuba ukholelwa ukuba akukho nto ungayifihla. Igqwetha lingakucebisa ngendlela yokulungisa imeko nokukhusela amalungelo akho kuyo yonke le nkqubo.

Ilungelo Lokushicilela Amapolisa

Kuwo onke amaphondo angama-50, unelungelo lokubhala ingxelo yoMbeki-mda Wokuqala wamapolisa awenza imisebenzi yawo phambi kwabantu bonke, lo gama nje ungaphazamisani nomsebenzi wawo. Oku kuquka ividiyo nokurekhodiwa kwesandi. Amagosa amaninzi angakuxelela ukuba uyeke ukushicilela, kodwa ngaphandle kokuba uphazamisa imisebenzi yawo, loo myalelo awusoloko uchasene nomthetho. Gcina umgama okhuselekileyo kwaye ungachukumisi igosa.

Ilungelo Lokukhululeka Kumkhosi Ogqith ’ Emgceni

Amapolisa avunyelwa ukusebenzisa amandla asengqiqweni anikwa iimeko. Ukuba akuchasanga okanye usongela nabani na, amagosa akafanele asebenzise amandla angeyomfuneko. Ukuba ukholelwa ukuba kukho amandla agqithileyo asetyenzisiweyo, bhala iingozi zakho, funa ingqalelo yezamayeza, kwaye uqhagamshelana negqwetha lamalungelo abantu.

Into Omele Uyenze Ukuba Ubanjiwe

Ukubanjwa kubangela uxinezeleko, kuba kukwenza ufune ukuthobela imithetho embalwa ebalulekileyo ukuze imeko ingabi mbi ngakumbi.

Hlala Uzolile Yaye Ungaxhathisi

Nokuba ukholelwa ukuba ukubanjwa akungomthetho, musa ukuxhathisa. Ukuxhathisa emzimbeni, kwanamazwi, kungaphumela kwizityholo ezongezelelweyo ezinjengokuxhathisa ukubanjwa, ezinokuthi zibe nezohlwayo eziqatha. Ngokuthobela imiyalelo yegosa, kodwa khumbula ukuba ukuthobela akufani nemvume. Ungathethi nto ngokuyibeka ecaleni.

Amalungelo Akho Acace

Xa useselugcinweni, chaza: Ndizakuthi cwaka. Ndifuna ukuthetha negqwetha. Ungaphenduli nayiphi na imibuzo, kwanokugcina ubumsulwa bakho. Ungaxubushe ngetyala lakho nomntu ngaphandle kwegqwetha lakho. Amagosa angazama ukwakha ubuhlobo okanye ukukukhohlisa ukuvuma izono zakho.

Yazi Yonke Into

Libhale okanye ubhale phantsi igama legosa, inombolo yeebheji, inani lenqwelo-mafutha, kunye nawo nawaphi na amangqina. Ukuba unomonakalo, thatha iifoto ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Le nkcazelo iza kuba yeyona ibalulekileyo kwigqwetha lakho nakuliphi na inyathelo elingokwasemthethweni elichasene nesebe lamapolisa. Kwakhona phawula ixesha, indawo, kunye noko ubukwenza phambi kwesiganeko.

Musa Ukumvumela Umntu Ofuna Umnxeba Wakho

Amapolisa angacela ukukhangela kwimfonomfono yakho ngexesha lokubanjwa. Unelungelo lokulandula. Baxelele: " Awunamvume yam yokukhangela umnxeba wam. Kumazwe amaninzi, amapolisa afuna isiqinisekiso sokuphendla iselfowuni ebanjwayo, kwisigqibo seNkundla ePhakamileyo kwi Riley v. California

Waqonde Amalungelo KaMiranda

Xa uvalelwe entolongweni nangaphambi kokuncinwa, amapolisa kufuneka akufundele amalungelo akho eMiranda. Noko ke, ukuba baqala ukubuza imibuzo ngaphambi kokuba bayifunde, iingxelo zakho zisenokungaqondakali. Ukucela amalungelo akho kusenokuyeka ukubuza. Ukuba amagosa akakuhloneli isicelo sakho, yixelele igqwetha lakho ngoko nangoko.

Iingcamango Eziqhelekileyo Ezingokwenzeka Kwamapolisa Ziyalahlwa

Ukungachani ngamandla amapolisa namalungelo abemi kusasazekile. Masizicime ezinye zeintsomi ezizingisileyo.

Intsomi: Umele Uyiphendule Yonke Imibuzo Yamapolisa

Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba kufuneka uphendule yonke imibuzo ebuzwa ngumphathi. Enyanisweni, unelungelo lokuthula. Ungangavumi ngokuzolileyo ukuphendula imibuzo ngaphandle kokunika isizathu. Okungaqhelekanga kukuba kufuneka unikeze igama lakho nemvume yokuqhuba ngexesha lokumisa kwemoto okanye ukuba ufuna imithetho yombuso yokumisa nokuyigcina.

Intsomi: Amapolisa Asoloko Efuna Umphumi - mkhosi Ukuze Akukhangele

Ngoxa imvume yenye indlela amapolisa anokuqhuba ngayo ukuphengulula, kukho izinto ezininzi ezingafaniyo: imvume, imbono ecacileyo, isiganeko sokukhangela ukubanjwa, iimeko ezixeliweyo, kunye nesizathu sokuphengulula inqwelo-mafutha. Unako ukungavumi kwanokuba amagosa azama ukukunyanzela.

Intsomi: Amagosa amapolisa akanakuyishicilela

Njengoko kuphawuliwe, uHlomelo lokuqala lukhusela ilungelo lakho lokubhala amapolisa phambi kwabantu. Kodwa ke, awunakuphazamisana nemisebenzi yabo okanye ubhale ingxelo kwiindawo apho ungenathemba labucala (umz., impahla yabucala ngaphandle kwemvume). Amanye amazwe anemithetho efaka iingcingo echaphazela ukuqokolelwa kwesandi; kububulumko ukwazi imithetho echanekileyo karhulumente wakho.

Intsomi: Kufuneka Unike Amapolisa Ingxelo Ekwisitrato

Kumaphondo ngaphandle kokumisa nokumisa imimiselo, akufuneki ukuba ubonise ulwahlulelo ngaphandle kokuba uqhuba isithuthi okanye ubanjiwe. Kwimeko yemithetho enjalo, ukuba igosa liyakrokra, kufuneka unike igama lakho, umhla wokuzalwa, nedilesi.

Intsomi: Ukuba Aninatyala, Nifanele Nisebenzisane Ngokuzeleyo

Ngelixesha intsebenziswano icetyiswa ukuba ingabi natyala, abantu abamsulwa baye bazifaka ityala ngokuthetha kakhulu. Ukungakhulumi kwakho akuthethi ukuba unetyala. Kukhuseleke kakhulu ukuthetha ungabi nanto ingako ucele igqwetha, nokuba akukho nto iphosakeleyo. Nayiphi na into othe yayenza ingaqondwa okanye ichazwe kakubi.

Wazi Amalungelo Akho Kwiimeko Ezikhethekileyo

Izicwangciso ezahlukeneyo ziqalisa imithetho eyahlukileyo. Nazi iimeko ezimbalwa eziqhelekileyo.

Uhambo Ngezithuthi Luyama

Xa utsalwa, utsala ngokukhuselekileyo, ucime i-injini, kwaye ugcine izandla zakho zibonakala kwivili lokuqhuba. Beka ilayisensi yakho, ukubhalisa, kunye nesiqinisekiso se-inshorensi xa ubuzwa. Akuyomfuneko ukuba uphendule imibuzo ngendawo ovela kuyo okanye apho uya khona. Ukuba umphathi ucela ukuphendla imoto yakho, ungatsho: [[FLT: 0]] andivumi ukuphendla. Ukuba banesizathu esifanelekileyo, bayaphendla, musa ukuphazamisa. Unako ukurekhomba ngokumisa ngomqhwitha okanye umnxeba (xa usenzanga njalo xa uqhuba).

Ukudibana Ekhaya

Amapolisa afuna isiqinisekiso sokungena ekhaya lakho, ngaphandle kweemeko ezixeliweyo (umz., ukusukela ngokushushu, ingozi ekufuphi). Ukuba abaphathi-mikhosi bankqonkqoza, ungathetha ngaphaya komnyango ngaphandle kokuwuvula. Buza ukubona isiqinisekiso ukuba bazibanga benaso. Isiqinisekiso sokukhangela sibavumela ukuba bakhangele kuphela iindawo ezichazwe kule mvume, kwaye unelungelo lokuqwalasela ngaphandle kokuphazamisa. Ukuba babamba umntu ekhayeni lakho, bangaphendla indawo ngaphakathi kolawulo olukhawulezileyo lomntu.

Ukudibana Noluntu Lonke

Kwindawo zikawonke-wonke ezinjengendlela okanye iipaki, ulindele inkululeko enkulu. Ukuba igosa liyakumisa, libuze: " Ndivalelwe? Ukuba bathi hayi, ungahamba. Ukuba akukhululekanga ukuhamba kodwa usenalo ilungelo lokuhlala uthulile kwaye ungavumi ukuphendla. Gcina izandla zakho zibonakala, musa ukwenza imijikelezo, uze uphephe ukuxambulisana.

Oovimba Bemfundo Engakumbi

Ukuze uwaqonde ngakumbi amalungelo akho, funda ezi ncwadi zilandelayo zinokukunceda ufumane ukhokelo, izinto zokuqeqesha, nenkxaso engokwasemthethweni.

  • ACLU Alwazi Amalungelo Akho[[FT]] – i American Civil Liberesties Union inikeza iinkcukacha, amakhadi ashicilelweyo okudibana namapolisa, imibhiyozo, kunye nokumisa umda. Isikhokelo sawo sihlaziywa rhoqo.
  • [[NTL:0][FLT][1] Unxulumano lwamapolisa [[FLT]] – NOLTO inikeza iingcaciso ezicacileyo zesiNgesi zamalungelo asemthethweni kuquka ukuphendla, ukubanjwa, noko umele ukukwenza ukuba utsalwe.
  • [[UMGQOTHO:0] Iqumrhu loLwazi lomthetho [[FLT]] – Le ndawo inika umbhalo opheleleyo we-U.S. umGaqo-siseko, iimbono zeNkundla ePhakamileyo, kunye nokushwankathelwa komthetho wesine nowesihlanu wokuHlaziywa.
  • Iprojekthi yokuphendula yamapolisa esizwe - Lo mbutho uphendla ukuziphatha okubi kwamapolisa kwaye unika amaxhoba ubuncwane obusemthethweni. Yiya kwinxuwa lawo ukuze ufunde ngezikhalazo ezigciniweyo okanye ufumane amagqwetha.
  • Iintlangano zoncedo olusemthethweni zasekuhlaleni – izixeko ezininzi zinekliniki zomthetho ezikhululekileyo okanye eziphantsi ezinika ii-cliniki zakho zomsebenzi onika ulwazi-amalungelo. Funa "uncedo lwe-gastil + [isixeko sakho]" ukufumana ukhetho.

Isiphelo

Amalungelo akho ngexesha lokudibana kwamapolisa asizozinto ezingekho ngqiqweni ezingokwasemthethweni, zizixhobo ezisebenzayo ezinokukhusela inkululeko yakho, ukhuseleko, nesidima. Ngokuqonda oko kweyesine, eyesihlanu, neyesiThathu IziHluzi ziqinisekisa, ungawaqinisi ngokuzolileyo amalungelo akho ngaphandle kokwandisa imeko. Khumbula: hlala uthulile, ucele igqwetha, ungavumi ukuphendla. Yazi yonke into uze ufune icebiso elingokwasemthethweni ngokukhawuleza ukuba ukholelwa ukuba amalungelo akho aphulwe. Ulwazi lumgca wakho wokuqala wokuzikhusela.