Table of Contents

Unyulo lomongameli lumela enye yezona ntsika zisisiseko zolawulo-demokhrasi. Kwinkqubo apho abemi banegunya lokukhetha iinkokeli zabo, lonke ivoti enye inegalelo ekulungiseni ulwalathiso lohlanga. Ukuqonda isizathu sokuba imicimbi nganye ibalulekile ekukhuthazeni ukuthathi-nxaxheba kwezentlalo-ntle yoluntu nokuqinisekisa ukuba umsebenzi wedemokhrasi unenjongo. Olu khokelo luchaza ukubaluleka okubalulekileyo kwevoti yakho kunyulo lomongameli kwaye kutheni ukuba uthathele inxaxheba kubaluleke kakhulu kunokuba ubunokucinga.

Amandla Omsebenzi Omnye: Ubungqina Obungokwembali

Ingcamango yokuba ivoti enye ayibalulekanga yinto eqhelekileyo yokuba imbali ingqineke iphosakele ngokuphindaphindiweyo iphosakele. Unyulo lomongameli wama 2000 ekugqibeleni lwagqitywa ngamavoti angowama-37 eFlorida, ukugqiba enoba iAl Gore okanye uGeorge W. Bush iza kuba ngumongameli. Lo mda wesingqinisi ubonisa indlela abangamakhulu ambalwa abantu kurhulumente omnye abanokuwufumana ngayo umphumo wonyulo lwesizwe oluchaphazela amakhulu ezigidi zamaMelika.

Ngokufanayo, unyulo lukaDonald Trump 2016 lwaphumela kwivoti ezingama-80 000 kuphela kumazwe amathathu, ngokuphumelela kwemida yemida eMichigan, 46,765 ePennsylvania, kunye ne2,177 eWisconsin. Xa ucinga ukuba olu nyulo lubandakanya ivoti ezingaphezulu kwezigidi eziyi 137, isibakala sokuba amanani amancinane anjalo kumaphondo angundoqo enza umahluko ubala.

Unyulo lomongameli luka-1960 phakathi kukaJohn F. Kennedy noRichard Nixon lunika omnye umzekelo onyanzelayo. Uvotelo olungu 112,803 kuphela lwahlula abaphumeleleyo/indawo encinane esecaleni kwenkulungwane. Kwaye isothusa, abantu abangaphantsi kwe12, abangaphantsi kwewaka, bagqiba ukuba umntu woyisile edesidenti, njengorhoxiso lwezivotelo kuphela ezili-11,871 lwabiza uRichard Nixon kwiNd House.

Ukuya ubuyela emva kwimbali yaseMerika, unyulo lonyaka wewaka linamakhulu asibhozo ane76 lwabona uwiso lukaHayes lweTilden ngo1855 lovoti yokhetho ku184, owona mda mncinci woloyiso kwimbali yamaMelika. Le mizekelo yembali igxininisa inyaniso ebalulekileyo: unyulo lomongameli lusoloko lugqitywa ngemida emincinane kangangokuba wonke umntu uvota ngenyani.

Ukuqonda Imida Yomdlalo

Ngelixesha olunye unyulo luphumela ekudilikeni komhlaba, ukususela kunyulo luka 1988, uvotelo oludumileyo lonyulo lomongameli lugqitywe yimida enye, eyona mida mide yeziphumo zonyulo olusondeleyo ukususela oko amazwe aqalisa ukunyulwa ngokuthandwayo koomongameli kwii1820. Le ntsingiselo kunyulo lokhuphiswano yenza ukuba umntu abe nenxaxheba ngakumbi.

Uphando lubonisa ukuba kuxhomekeke kummandla, ukusuka ku-1 ku-40 ukuya ku-1 kukhuphiswano lonyulo kuma-500 kugqitywe yivoti engaphantsi kwe-1 kwi-1,000. La manani abonisa ukuba unyulo olusondele kakhulu aluyomiqobo kodwa luyenzeka rhoqo ngokumangalisayo ukunqumla imigangatho eyahlukeneyo karhulumente.

Indlela IElectoral College Enceda Ngayo Umntu Othile Afumane Imisebenzi Engakumbi

Ukuqonda inkqubo ye-Electoral College kubalulekile ekuqondeni indlela amavoti angawuphume ngayo umphumo. Unyulo lomongameli lunyulo olungangqalanga; amavoti aphoswanga ngqo ngoSuku loNnyulo akaphoswanga umvoteli kodwa ajoliswe kumalungu eElectoral College, abanyulwa ngokusesikweni ngoko abanyuli abanyula umongameli kunye nomongameli.

Le nkqubo ithetha ukuba iziphumo zonyulo zingajika inani elincinci levoti zomntu ngamnye kwiimeko ezimbalwa. Ngenxa yokuba uninzi lwamazwe lusebenzisa inkqubo yokuphumelela kwivoti ezizikhetheleyo, ukuphumelela urhulumente ngovote enye ithetha ukuthimba zonke iivoti ezikhethiweyo zeli lizwe. Oku kuphakamisa ukubaluleka kwebhola nganye kumazwe okhuphiswano.

Ngenxa yesakhiwo se-Electoral College, amavoti esizwe awagqibi ubungangamsha, nangenxa yokufumana imigaqo yorhulumente efumana yonke ukwenzela abanyuli, iElectoral College idla ngokuzalanisa umsantsa phakathi kwabanyulwa. Esi sakhiwo sithetha ukuba ukuvota okucwangcisiweyo kumazwe ajinga-jingayo kuthwala ubunzima obuthile ukugqiba iziphumo zonyulo.

Impembelelo Kumgaqo-nkqubo Nakukhokelo

Umongameli oncedisa ekunyulweni uphembelela phantse zonke iinkalo zobomi baseMerika. Amandla obuongameli anwenwela kwiinkqubo zasekhaya nakwamanye amazwe, achaphazela ukunyanyeka kwempilo, imfundo, izoqoqosho, imimiselo yemekobume, amalungelo oluntu, kunye nolwalamano lwezizwe ngezizwe.

Igunya elilawulayo kunye nokuzalisekiswa komgaqo-nkqubo

Umongameli usebenza njengesona sigqeba siyintloko sikarhulumente wengingqi, sijongene nokumiswa kwemithetho ewiswe yiBhunga. Ngemiyalelo yabalawuli, izigqibo zolawulo, kunye nokubekwa kolawulo, umongameli umisela indlela imithetho echazwa ngayo nesetyenziswa ngayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukhetho lwakho lomongameli luchaphazela yonke into ukusuka kwimimiselo yokhuseleko lomsebenzi ukuya kukhuseleko lwemekobume, ukusuka ekunyanzelweni kwabafuduki ukuya kumgangatho wokukhuselwa kwabathengi.

Kwakhona abagwebi bephondo abagunyazisayo, kuquka abagwebi beNkundla Ephakamileyo, abasebenza kumadinga obomi bonke baze benze izigqibo ezichaphazela umthetho waseMerika kwizizukulwana. Oku kumiselwa kwezomthetho kumela enye yezona zikhundla zihlala zihleli zolawulo, iphembelela ukucaciswa komGaqo-siseko, inkululeko yoluntu, kunye nokulungelelana kwamandla phakathi kwamasebe awahlukeneyo karhulumente emva kwexesha elide umongameli eshiyile.

Umgaqo - siseko Wezoqoqosho Nekamva Lakho Lemali

Iinkqubo zobumongameli zezoqoqosho zichaphazela impumelelo yakho yemali. Inkqubo yerhafu, izivumelwano zorhwebo, imimiselo yabasebenzi, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwemali ngokwezazulu konke kuwela phantsi kwempembelelo yobungameli. Indlela kamongameli yokulawula umsebenzi ichaphazela ukusungulwa komsebenzi, ukuhlawulwa kwemali, ukunyuka komgangatho, ukunyuka kwemali, namathuba ezoqoqosho. Nokuba ungumnini weshishini, umqeshwa, umgcini-mali, okanye umthengi, izigqibo zezoqoqosho zibumba imeko yakho yemali.

Umongameli ukwanendima ebalulekileyo ngexesha leengxaki zezoqoqosho. Ukusabela ekudodobala kwezoqoqosho, ukungazinzi kwezoqoqosho, okanye ukudodobala kwezoqoqosho kungagqiba enoba izoqoqosho luyachacha ngokukhawuleza okanye luye lwaphela iminyaka.

Unyango nomgaqo-nkqubo wentlalo

Inkqubo yonyango imela omnye ummandla apho ukhokelo lomongameli lunempembelelo enzulu yobuqu. Ukusuka kumthetho we-Afford Care Care ukuya kuMdicare kunye noMdicaid, ukusuka ekunyanzelweni kweziyobisi ezisemthethweni ukuya kwimpendulo yongxamiseko yoluntu, izigqibo zoomongameli zichaphazela ukufikelela kwakho kwimpilo nokukwazi ukufikelela kwayo. Isifo seCOVID-19 sabonisa indlela ukhokelo lomongameli ngexesha lamanqam

Le migaqo ibonisa ukuba iintsapho zifanele zifumane inkxaso ekhoyo, imfundo kawonke wonke, izindlu, ubuhlwempu, amalungelo okukhubazeka nentsapho, ithetha ngezinto eziza kuqala.

Inkqubo yaMany ’ Amazwe Nokhuseleko Lwesizwe

Njengenkokeli yemikhosi exhobileyo, umongameli unetyala eliyintloko lokhuseleko lohlanga kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wamanye amazwe. Izigqibo ezimalunga nomanyano lomkhosi, ubudlelwane bobuzwe, izivumelwano zamazwe ngamazwe, kunye namaqhinga okhuselo lwesizwe zihlala zihleli nomongameli. Ezi zigqibo zichaphazela kungekuphela ukuma kweMelika ehlabathini kodwa kwanokhuseleko nokhuseleko lwabemi baseMelika emakhayeni nakwamanye amazwe.

Izivumelwano zorhwebo ezixoxwa ngumongameli zichaphazela imisebenzi yaseMerika kunye nexabiso lempahla. Inkqubo yokutshintsha iintsapho, uluntu, kunye nezoqoqosho. Izivumelwano zemozulu ziphembelela ukukhuselwa kwemekobume kunye nenkqubela yezoqoqosho.

IVoter Turdout nempilo yedemokhrasi

Igalelo leVoter lisebenza njengesibonisi esibalulekileyo sobugqeba bedemokhrasi. Ngokwenzululwazi yezopolitiko yaseStanford uAdam Bonica kunye noMichael McFaul, kukho ukuvumelana phakathi kwezazinzulu zezobupolitika ukuba "iimikhosi echaphazelekayo yenza bhetele xa abantu bevota". Ukurhoxa okuphezulu komeleza igunya ledemokhrasi kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba amagosa anyuliweyo amela ukuthanda kwabemi abaninzi kunokuba amele umgangatho omncinane wabemi.

Imeko yaNgoku yeMelika yojikelezo

Unyuko lweVoter eUnited States, ngemigangatho yomhlaba wonke, ephantsi, nonyulo olukwindawo yonyulo ephantsi kuma-48 ekhulwini kusuka ku-1924 ukuya kutsho kunyuko lwama-65 ekhulwini ngo-1960, ukubeka i-U.S. kumazantsi eedemokhrasi eziphuhlisiweyo eziphuhlisiweyo ehlabathini lonke. Olu mlinganiselo uphantsi wokuthabatha uthetha ukuba izigidi zabantu baseMerika abafanelekayo azisebenzisi ilungelo labo lokuvota, unyulo olunokukhutshwa luphumele kude nokhetho oluqhelekileyo.

Kutshanje, kwivoti kamongameli yama-202020, isantya sokuthabatha inxaxheba safikelela kuma-66%, esona siphezulu ukususela ngo-1900, sibonakalisa ukuba amaMelika angafumana iphulo eliphezulu xa ekhuthazwa. Noko ke, xa kuthelekiswa nonyulo phakathi kwabemi be-ovential kumazwe angama-50 kutshanje, i-U.S. imigangatho yama-31, ebonisa igumbi elithe kratya lokuphucula.

Isizathu Sokuba Imibandela Ingabi Nzima

Umvoti ophezulu urhoxa kudla ngokuba luphawu lobugxwayiba bedemokhrasi, lo gama ukurhoxa okusezantsi kudla ngokunxulunyaniswa nokungakhathali kovoti kunye nokungathembani kwinkqubo yezobupolitika. Xa amaqela amakhulu abantu engavoti, amagosa anyuliweyo asenokungamela iminqweno eyahlukeneyo neemfuno zabo bonke abemi.

Ukujika okusezantsi kungagqwetha umelo, kuvumele ukukhethwa kwecandelo elisikelwe umda, elisoloko lingameliyo loluntu ukuba lilawule iinkqubo zokwenza izigqibo, ezinokuphelisa ukuthemba uluntu kwinkqubo yokukhetha, nto leyo ekhokelela ekudimazekeni nedemokhrasi ngokwayo. Oku kudala intsebenziswano engalunganga apho ukuthemba okusezantsi kukhokelela ekuthabatheni inxaxheba ephantsi, nto leyo ephinda inciphisa ukuthemba kumaziko edemokhrasi.

Uthelekelelo lomvoti ophezulu luphawu lwedemokhrasi esempilweni, lukhuthaza ukuphendula nokusabela phakathi kwamagosa anyuliweyo nokuphembelela ngokungqalileyo ilungelo lamagosa anyuliweyo kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo ayenzayo. Xa abantu abaninzi bevota, amagosa anyuliweyo kufuneka athabathe inxaxheba kwicandelo elibanzi lebutho labantu, nto leyo ekhokelela kulawulo olungakumbi lwabameli.

Ukukhuthaza Isenzo Somsebenzi Ngokuthungatha

Ukubhalisa kumela eyona ndlela isisiseko yokubotshwa kwedemokhrasi. Ngokuthabatha inxaxheba kunyulo, abemi basebenzisa ilizwi labo ekulawuleni nasekuthatheni indima yabo ekuxonxeni ibutho labantu. Oku kuthabatha inxaxheba kudlulela ngaphaya kwesenzo esilula sokufaka itoti ukwenzela ukuquka ukuqaphela okubanzi nokuganana kwebutho labantu.

Ukwakha Ukuqonda Imicimbi Yezobupolitika

Inkqubo yokulungiselela ukuvota ikhuthaza abemi ukuba baziswe ngemibandela yezobupolitika, izikhundla zobalo-mthetho, kunye nezindululo zomgaqo-nkqubo. Olu phando kunye nokucetyiswa kophando kukhuthaza ukufundiswa kwezobupolitika nokuncedwa kwabemi baqonde indlela izigqibo zikarhulumente ezibuchaphazela ngayo ubomi babo. Unyulo luxhotyiswe bhetele ukuze lugcine amagosa enziwe aphendule ngokufanelekileyo kwaye abe nenxaxheba kwintetho yedemokhrasi.

Xa ukuvota ukuthatha nzulu, ngokwemvelo uba nomdla ngakumbi kwiindaba, kwiingxoxo zemigaqo, kunye nenkqubela yezobupolitika. Olu lwazi ludlulela ngaphaya kwexesha lonyulo, ludala abemi abanolwazi olungakumbi abanokubandakanyeka kwiimbambano zezobupolitika unyaka wonke. Ubuchule babemi bubalulekile ekulawuleni kwedemokhrasi, njengoko bunceda ukuba kubekho ingxoxo yoluntu enentsingiselo kwaye bunceda ekuthinteleni ukusasazeka kwenkcazelo ephosakeleyo.

Umanyano loLuntu oluqinisayo

Ukuncokola kusoloko kudibanisa abantu nabantu ngendlela eluncedo. Ukuxoxa ngemicimbi yezobupolitika nabamelwane, ukucela uncedo, ukuncedisa kwiphulo lezobupolitika, okanye nje ukuba nenxaxheba kwincoko yezopolitiko, konke oko komeleza amaqhina oluntu kunye nonxulumano olumanyeneyo olubangela iingenelo kuluntu ngaphandle kokhetho.

Ukuba nenxaxheba kwezobupolitika kunokukhuthaza ukubandakanyeka kwezinye iindlela zokubhalisana kwezentlalo, njengokuya kwiiholo zedolophu, ukudibanisa imibutho yasekuhlaleni, okanye ukukhuthaza imicimbi yasekuhlaleni. Oku kuthabatha inxaxheba kuqinisa imicimbi yedemokhrasi kuze kubangele abantu bahlalisane ngokusuk ’ entliziyweni.

Ukumisela imilinganiselo yedemokhrasi

Xa uvota, umisela inxaxheba yedemokhrasi kwabanye, ingakumbi izizukulwana ezincinane. Abazali abavotayo bafundisa abantwana babo ukubaluleka komsebenzi wentlalo nomanyano lwedemokhrasi. Oku kudluliselwa kwemilinganiselo yedemokhrasi yemveli kunceda ekulondolozeni amaziko olawulo-melo kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba izizukulwana ezizayo ziyaziqonda iimbopheleleko zabo njengabemi.

Kwakhona inxaxheba yakho ithumela umyalezo kumagosa anyuliweyo ukuba unike ingqalelo nokuba aza kubekwa ityala ngezenzo zawo. Abezobupolitika basabela ngakumbi kwimithetho engqinela ukuba aba bavoti baza kuqwalasela indlela abasebenza ngayo kwibhokisi yokuvota.

Ukoyisa Izithintelo Zokwabelana Ngemibutho

Ngoxa ukuvota kunelungelo elisisiseko, imiqobo eyahlukahlukeneyo inokwenza kube nzima ngabanye abemi ukuba babe nenxaxheba.

Iimfuno zoBhaliso

Ubhaliso lwevoter lumele inyathelo lokuqala kwinkqubo yokuvota, kodwa iimfuno zokubhalisa ziyahluka ngokwemeko kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zingenza imiqobo. Amanye amazwe afuna ukubhaliswa iiveki phambi koSuku lokhetho, ngelinye ixesha amanye anika ubhaliso olufanayo. Ukuqonda iimfuno zobhaliso lwelizwe lakho kunye nexesha elimisiweyo libalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuba uyafaneleka ukuba uvote.

Amazwe amaninzi ngoku anika ubhaliso kwi-intanethi, enza le nkqubo ibe lula kwaye ifikeleleke. Amanye amazwe aye enza ubhaliso oluzenzekelayo oluvotayo, olubhalisa abemi abafanelekileyo xa besebenza namaziko karhulumente afana neSebe leMichar Vehicles. Olu tshintsho luye lwanceda ukwandisa imilinganiselo yokubhalisa nokunciphisa imiqobo yokubandakanyeka.

Ukufikelela kwiindawo Zokungcolisa

Ukufikelela ngokoqobo kwiindawo zokuvota kunokubangela iingxaki kwabanye abavoti, ingakumbi abo banesiphene, abo bangenazo izinto zokuhamba ezinokuthenjwa, okanye abo bahlala kwiindawo ezinabantu abambalwa. Imigca emide kwiindawo zokuvota isenokungakukhuthazi ukuba nenxaxheba, ingakumbi kubavoti abangakwaziyo ukuthabatha ixesha elithe ngqo emsebenzini okanye kwiimbopheleleko zentsapho.

Imithetho emininzi iye yandisa iindlela zokuvota ukuze icombulule le mingeni. Ukuvota kwangoko kuvumela abemi ukuba baphose izibhedlele phambi koSuku lokhetho, ngokufuthi beneeyure ezibhetyebhetye kakhulu kwaye benolindiwe ixesha elifutshane. Uvota kwiposi kunye nabaphathi-mali abangekhoyo benza abantu bakwazi ukuvota bengekho ekhaya, besusa imiqobo yezithuthi baze benze kube lula kwabo basebenza okanye abaneembopheleleko zentsapho ukuba babe nenxaxheba.

Inkcukacha nemfundo

Ukungabinalwazi ngendlela yokuvota, indawo yokuvota, okanye oko kuza kubakho kwivoti kungathintela abanye abemi ukuba bathabathe inxaxheba. Amanyathelo emfundo, abalawuli abavoti, kunye neewebhsayithi zokhetho ezisemthethweni zinceda ekuphenduleni le misantsa yolwazi. Ukuthatha ixesha uphando ngokhetho lwakho, ngokukhetha indawo, nokuqulunqa i-option Day kungenza inkqubo yokuvota icace kwaye ingabisoyiki.

Imibutho emininzi inikela ubuncwane obungeyonxalenye yecawa ukuze incede abavoti baqonde amanyathelo okuvota, izikhundla abaza kubhatalwa kuzo, neenkqubo zokuvota.

Imiphumo Ebuhlungu Yomthambo Wakho

Ivoti yakho ibangela amaza agqithiseleyo nangaphaya kwesiphumo sonyulo olukhawulezileyo. Ezi mpembelelo zibanzi zibonisa isizathu sokuba imicimbi yokuvota nakukhetho engabonakali kufutshane okanye kummandla apho iqela elinye libonakala lilawula khona.

Ukuphembelela Icebo Lezobupolitika

Amaqela ezobupolitika kunye nabavoti bahlolisisa ngokusondeleyo indlela yokuvota ukuze baqonde isiseko sabo baze baqonde iindawo abanokuxhasa kuzo ukukhula. Xa uvota, unegalelo kule nkcazelo, uphembelela indlela amaqela aphuhlisa ngayo iqonga kunye namaqhinga awo.

Kwanakunyulo olunemida yoloyiso. Uloyiso oluncinane luthumela umyalezo owahlukileyo kunodilika lomhlaba, okuchaphazela indlela olawula ngayo ophumeleleyo kunye nogunyaziso abalugunyazisayo.

Ukuxhasa Ukhuphiswano Oluphantsi

Unyulo lomongameli luvela phezulu kwevoti, kodwa uninzi lwamavoloti luquka ezinye iintlanga ezininzi kunye namanyathelo okuchola. Olu khuphiswano lwebhola ephantsi kwizihlalo zoburhulumente, izindlu zowiso-mthetho, iiofisi zobulali, kunye namanyathelo okuchola ibhola adla ngokuba nempembelelo ecacileyo kubomi bakho bemihla ngemihla kunogqatso lomongameli. Ukuba nenxaxheba kwakho kunyulo lomongameli kuqinisekisa ukuba nawe unelizwi kwezi zigqibo zibalulekileyo zoluntu kunye norhulumente.

Abavoti abaninzi abaphumelela unyulo lomongameli nabo bavote kwezi ntlanga ziphantsi, ithetha ukuba impembelelo yovoti yakho yenkokeli ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo kumgangatho omninzi karhulumente. Amagosa asekuhlaleni enza izigqibo malunga nezikolo, ukhuseleko lukawonke-wonke, izibonelelo, kunye neenkonzo zasekuhlaleni ezichaphazela uluntu.

Ukukhusela Amalungelo Okudlulisela Intetho

Ukusebenzisa ilungelo lakho lokuvota kuyanceda ekukhuseleni ilungelo lakho lokuzikhusela wena nabanye. Xa abemi bethabatha inxaxheba kunyulo, kuba nzima ngabo bamisela amalungelo okuvota ukuthethelela izenzo zabo. Ukuvota okuphezulu kubonisa ukuba abemi bawabeka kumalungelo abo okuvota kwaye babangela ingcinezelo yezobupolitika yokuba bagcine nokuyandisa ukufikelela kwabo kulowo uvota.

Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukubhatalwa okuphantsi kungasetyenziswa ukuthethelela imiqathango yokungena ekuvoteni okanye ukuphikisa ngelithi abemi abawaxabisi amalungelo abo okuvota. Ngokusoloko uvota, uncedisa ekukhuseleni amaziko edemokhrasi kwaye uqinisekisa ukuba ukuvota kuhlala kulula kwizizukulwana ezizayo.

Ukuthetha ngenjongo eqhelekileyo yokuthetha

Nangona kubalulekile ukuvota, abemi abaninzi abafanelekileyo bakhetha ukungathabathi nxaxheba. Ukuqonda nokuphendula abantu abaphikisayo kunokwenza abantu abaninzi baqonde ukubaluleka kwevoti yabo.

"Umlomo Wam Awubalakali"

Njengoko kuboniswe yimizekelo yembali echazwe ngaphambili, unyulo ludla ngokugqitywa ngemida emincinane ngokuphawulekayo. Inkolelo yokuba ukhetho olunye aluchasananga nenyaniso yokuba amawaka evoti, nganye ikhutshwa ngumntu okholelwa ukuba ukuba inxaxheba yayo ibalulekile, njengeqela igqiba iziphumo zonyulo.

Ngaphezu koko, nokuba umvoti wakho othandwayo akawinwanga, imicimbi yakho. Inegalelo kwivoti iyonke, iphembelela umda woloyiso okanye ukoyiswa, kwaye ithumela uphawu olumalunga namandla okuxhasa iindawo ezahlukeneyo zobupolitika. ivoti nganye inceda ukupeyinta umfanekiso wokhetho lonyulo kunye nezinto eziphambili.

"Andifani nawaphi na amaCandidve"

Ukunganeliseki ngabaza kuvota kuyinto eqhelekileyo yokungavota, kodwa ukungavoti akusikhuphi isigidimi esicacileyo ngexhala lakho. Endaweni yoko, kusuka nje kususe ilizwi lakho kwincoko. Kwanaxa ungalithandi nabani na oza kungenela, kuvote ukhetho olufumanisa lungamkelekanga kangako okanye oluvumelana kakhulu nomgangatho wakho kwimicimbi engundoqo kuqinisekisa ukuba unempembelelo ethile kwisiphumo.

Ukongezelela, uninzi lwamaphepha aquka okungaphezulu kogqatso lomongameli. Nokuba akunelisekanga lukhetho lomongameli, ungathatha inxaxheba kwimijaho ephantsi yebhola yompu kunye nomlinganiselo webhola apho unokuba nokhetho olungaphezulu. Ukushiyela ezi zigqibo kwabanye kuthetha ukulahlekelwa lizwi lakho kwimicimbi echaphazela uluntu lwakho.

"Enkqubo ixhotyiswe"

Ngeli xesha kukho inkxalabo esemthethweni ngeenkalo ezahlukeneyo zenkqubo yovoti, ukusuka ekuqhubeni phambili kwephulo lokuxhasa ukucinezelwa kovoti, ukungavumi ukuthatha inxaxheba kuphela komeleza indawo yabo bangenelwayo kunyuko olusezantsi. Ukuvotelwa kumela isixhobo esinye sokutshintsha inkqubo, njengoko amagosa anyuliweyo egqiba emininzi yemithetho yolawulo lonyulo.

Ukuxhasa abavotelwa ababeka iinguqu kuqala, ukuvota kumanyathelo okucombulula imicimbi yenkqubo, nokuba nenxaxheba ngokuzingisileyo kunyulo kubangela uxinzelelo lotshintsho olufanelekileyo. Ukusuka ekuvoteni, kwelinye icala, kunika igunya kwabo banelisekileyo yimeko.

Ukwenza Umthambo Wakho Ube Nexabiso: Amanyathelo Asebenzisekayo

Ukuqonda ukubaluleka kokuvota linyathelo lokuqala. Ukuthatha inyathelo eliqinisekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ungavota kwaye uvotelwe ukuba uyazazi izinto eziza kukwenza ube nenxaxheba.

Bhalisa kwaye uqinisekise ubhaliso lwakho

Qinisekisa ukuba ubhalise kakuhle phambi kwexesha lonyulo. Amazwe amaninzi anika izixhobo ze Internet ukukhangela ubume bobhaliso lwakho. Ukuba uthuthile, ulitshintshe igama lakho, okanye awuvotanga kwiminyaka emininzi, qinisekisa ukuba ubhaliso lwakho lungolululo kwaye luchanile. Ukungabhaliswa kwexesha yenye yezizathu eziqhelekileyo zokungavoti abantu.

Iimbambano Nophando

Zinike ixesha lokuphanda abathathi-nxaxheba kunye namanyathelo okuvota phambi koSuku lokhetho. Ii-website zabavoti, ii-website zomvoti, ukukhutshelwa kweendaba, kunye nee-prom zoluntu zonke zinikela ulwazi ukuze zikunceda wenze izigqibo zolwazi. Ukuqonda apho abathe bahlolwa bamele khona kwimibandela onomdla ngayo kukwenza ukwazi ukuvota ngokulungelelanisa amaxabiso nezinto zakho eziza kuqala.

Musa ukulinganisela uphando lwakho kuhlanga lomongameli. Funda ngabantu abaza kuqhutyelwa iKhonkxa, indlu yowiso-mthetho, iiofisi zongingqi, kunye nezikhundla zokugweba. Uphando lwe-odoli kwaye uqonde iimpembelelo zayo.

Ceba Ukubolekisana Ngezinto

Khetha ukuba uvote nini kwaye njani. Uza kuvota nini, ngeposi, okanye ngoSuku Lokhetho? Yazi indawo yakho yokuvota neeyure. Ukuba uvota kumntu, ceba ixesha oza kulinda ngalo kwaye uzise uchazo olufunekayo. Ukuba uvote ngeposi, ziqonde iinjongo zokucela nokubuyisa ibhola yakho. Ukuba uceba isalathisi kukwenza kube lula kakhulu ukulandela kwinjongo yakho yokuvota.

Ukuba ufuna isithuthi sokuya kolu hlolisiso, lucwangcise kusengaphambili. Ukuba ufuna ixesha lokungasebenzi, yazi amalungelo akho ngokuphathelele ixesha lokuvota. Ukuba ufuna uncedo ngenxa yengxaki okanye iilwimi, qonda ukuba indawo yokuhlala ikhona.

Nceda Abanye Basebenze

Xelanani ngenkcazelo emalunga nexesha lokubhalisa, ukhetho, nemibandela ebalulekileyo. Ziceleleni ukuba nincedise ngezithuthi zokuya kuvota okanye ngokuqonda ivoti. Xa unceda abanye babe nenxaxheba, uyandisa impembelelo yokuthembisana kwenu kwequmrhu.

Ngokuzithandela kubhaliso olungelulo lwecatamn okanye imigudu yokuvota. Le mibutho isebenza ukuqinisekisa bonke abemi abafanelekayo ukuba basebenzise ilungelo labo lokuvota, ukomeleza idemokhrasi kuwo wonke umntu.

Imeko Ebanzi: Ulawulo - melo Lufuna Ukuba Nenxaxheba

Unyulo kumongameli lumele inxalenye enye nje yokuthatha inxaxheba kwedemokhrasi, kodwa yiyo esisiseko. Impilo yamaziko edemokhrasi ixhomekeke ekuthembiseni ummi ngokukhutheleyo, kwaye ukuvota yeyona ndlela ingqalileyo abemi abaninzi abathatha ngayo inxaxheba ekulawuleni.

Ulawulo - melo Njengenkqubo Enenxaxheba

Idemokhrasi asingomdlalo wababukeli. Kufuna ukuba abemi basebenze ngokunempumelelo. Xa amanani amakhulu abemi ehlengahlengiswe kwinkqubo yezobupolitika, idemokhrasi iyaphelelwa. Amagosa acetyisiweyo abanokungabi natyala, izilangazelelo ezikhethekileyo zifumana impembelelo engakumbi, kwaye urhulumente akasabeli kwiimfuno zabemi abaqhelekileyo.

Ivoti yakho imele isibonda sakho kwinkqubo yedemokhrasi. Lithuba lakho ukuba nelizwi lokuba ngubani okumelayo kwaye yiyiphi imigaqo elandelwayo. Ukufumana eli thuba kuthetha ukwamkela nayiphi na iziphumo ezikhethwa ngabanye, naxa ezo ziphumo zingqubana nezilangazelelo zakho namaxabiso.

Imbali Yomzamo Wokuncomela Amalungelo

Ilungelo lokuvota elathathwa lula ngamaMerika amaninzi namhlanje lazuzwa kwiinkulungwane zomlo. Abafazi balwa kangangamashumi eminyaka ukukhusela amalungelo okuvota, ekugqibeleni baphumelela ekuhlawulweni koMphetho-mda we-1920. AmaMerika aseAfrika ajamelana nokudilizwa okucwangcisiweyo kwangoko nasemva koMphengululo we-15, efuna ukuba umbutho wamalungelo abantu ufumaneke ngokunentsingiselo kunye noMthetho we-Voting Rights ka-1965 ukuze afumane ungenelo olunentsingiselo kwi-boloti.

Ukuhlonela eli lifa kuthetha ukusebenzisa amalungelo abawalwelayo. Xa uvota, uba nenxaxheba kwisithethe solawulo - melo esasinzima ukufikelela kuso izizukulwana ezingaphambili.

Imbono Yomhlaba Wonke Ngenxaxheba Kwidemokhrasi

Kumazwe amaninzi abantu abanawo amandla okukhetha iinkokeli zabo ngonyulo olukhululekileyo nolufanelekileyo. Ilungelo lokuvota kunyulo luyilungelo elingananditshwayo ngabantu abangamawaka ezigidi. Ukuqonda imeko-bume yomhlaba wonke kunceda amaMerika aqonde ixabiso lamalungelo awo okuvota kunye nokubaluleka kokuwasebenzisa.

Ngaphezu koko, idemokhrasi yaseMerika isebenza njengemodemokhrasi nempembelelo kwimibutho yedemokhrasi ehlabathini lonke. Xa amaMerika enenxaxheba kwidemokhrasi yawo, oko komeleza imilinganiselo yedemokhrasi emhlabeni wonke. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ukuthatha inxaxheba ephantsi nokungasebenzi kwedemokhrasi eUnited States kungadimaza iinjongo zedemokhrasi kwenye indawo.

Ukukhangela Phambili: Ikamva Ledemokhrasi YaseMerika

Ikamva ledemokhrasi yaseMelika lixhomekeke kukhetho lwezabelo ezenziwa ngabemi namhlanje, kuquka ukhetho lokuvota. Unyulo ngalunye alumi nje kuphela kwiziphumo zenkqubo ezikhawulezileyo kodwa lukwayinkqubo ende yedemokhrasi kunye namaxabiso.

Impembelelo Yesizukulwana

Oomongameli abanyuliweyo namhlanje baya kwenza izigqibo ezichaphazela izizukulwana ezizayo. Iinkundla eziPhakamileyo, inkqubo yemozulu, izigqibo zezemali, kunye nezibonelelo zemali zonke zineziphumo ezinde ezingaphaya kwexesha elinye lomongameli. Ukuvota kwakho namhlanje kunceda ukugqiba ihlabathi eliya kudla ilifa abantwana bakho nabazukulwana bakho.

Ukongezelela, imikhwa yokuvota nokuzibophelela kwezizukulwana zanamhlanje kuchaphazela inxaxheba yedemokhrasi kwizizukulwana ezizayo. Xa abantu abaselula bebona abantu abadala bethabatha inxaxheba ekuvoteleni ngokunzulu kwaye benenxaxheba kwidemokhrasi, nabo banokuvelisa imikhwa efanayo. Ukwakha isithethe sokuthembisana kwezentlalo kufuna ukuba nenxaxheba ngokuqhubekayo kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.

Ukomeleza Iidemokhrasi

Idemokhrasi ayixhomekekanga nje kuphela kumaziko aqhelekileyo kodwa nakwizithethe eziqhelekileyo kunye nolindelo. Iindlela zokufuduswa koxolo kwegunya, ukwamkelwa kweziphumo zonyulo, ukuhlonelwa kwabachasi bezobupolitika, nokuzibophelela kwiinkqubo zedemokhrasi konke kufuna ukhuthazo olubangelwa yihambo yabemi. Xa uvota kwaye ukhuthaza abanye ukuba babe nenxaxheba kwiinkqubo zedemokhrasi, womeleza le migaqo-demokhrasi ibalulekileyo.

Ngokuchaseneyo, ukugxeka idemokhrasi, ukungathathi-nxaxheba, nokwamkelwa kwentetho echasene nedemokhrasi konke kuyenza buthathaka imilinganiselo kunye namaziko edemokhrasi. Ukhetho lommi ngamnye oluphathelele ukuganana kwezobupolitika lunegalelo ekomelezeni okanye ekutyhaleni idemokhrasi.

Ukuhlangabezana Neengxaki Zanamhlanje

Idemokhrasi yaseMerika ijongene neengxaki ezininzi zanamhlanje, ukususela ekuthathweni kwezobupolitika ukusa ekuxokisweni ukusa kwinkxalabo ngokhuseleko lonyulo. Ukusingatha olu celomngeni kufuna ukuba abemi ababandakanyeke kwiinkqubo zedemokhrasi nabafuna ukuba ityala leenkokeli zabo lixhomekeke kwimigaqo-nkqubo yabo.

Oomongameli namanye amagosa anyuliweyo kwiminyaka ezayo baza kugqiba ngendlela iMelika esabela ngayo kwiingxaki ezifana nokutshintsha kwemozulu, ukungalingani kwezoqoqosho, ukufikelela kwezonyango, ukuphazamisana kobugcisa, nokhuphiswano lwezizwe ngezizwe. Le yimibandela entsonkothileyo efuna ukhokelo olufanelekileyo kunye nabemi abatshayelelwayo. Ukuthabatha kwakho inxaxheba ekukhetheni iinkokeli kuya kunceda kufumanisa ukuba ezi ngxaki zinokuchatshazelwa njani.

Isiphelo: Yonke Imisebenzo

Ubungqina bucacile: yonke imivoti kunyulo lomongameli ibaluleke ngokwenene. Imizekelo yembali ibonisa ukuba unyulo lusoloko lugqitywa ngemida emincinane ngokuphawulekayo. Inkqubo yeElectoral College iqinisa impembelelo yevoti nganye kwiimeko ezingundoqo. Umongameli usebenzisa impembelelo enkulu kwimimandla yemigaqo echaphazela ubomi bamaMelika onke. Uvotel uphembelela umgangatho wedemokhrasi kunye nokusabela kukarhulumente. Yaye urhulumente uququzelela ngovotel-demokhrasi ngokufaka impembelelo kwidemokhrasi kunye namaxabiso.

Nokuba uqhutywa yinkxalabo ethile yenkqubo, ngengqiqo yokusebenza kwequmrhu, ngomnqweno wokubeka abo balwela amalungelo okuvota, okanye ngokuvuma ukuba ilizwi lakho lifanelwe kukuviwa, ukuvota kunyulo lomongameli yenye yezona zenzo zibalulekileyo onokuzenza njengommi. Ukukhetha ukuvota/okanye ukungavoti kuneziphumo ezingaphaya komntu, ukubumba umgaqo wohlanga namandla edemokhrasi.

Njengoko ucinga ukuba nenxaxheba kunyulo oluzayo, khumbula ukuba idemokhrasi ayinikwanga. Kufuna ugcino olusebenzayo nokuthabatha inxaxheba kubemi.

Abathathi-nxaxheba

  • Unyulo lweenkokeli lusoloko lugqitywa ngemida emincinane ngokuphawulekayo, ezinye iintlanga zijongwe ngamakhulu okanye amawaka amavoti akwimimandla ephambili
  • Inkqubo ye-Electoral College ithetha ukuba ukuvota kwabantu ngabanye kwiimeko zokhuphiswano kusenokuba nempembelelo engaphezulu kwiziphumo zonyulo
  • Umongameli uchaphazela phantse zonke iinkalo zobomi baseMerika, ukususela kwinkxalabo yempilo nezoqoqosho ukuya kwimigaqo-nkqubo yangaphandle kunye nezigwebo
  • Uvoti abaphezulu bomeleza ulawulo-demokhrasi kwaye urhulumente uqinisekisa ukuba uyasabela kwiimfuno zabo bonke abemi
  • Ukubhalisa kukhuthaza ukuganana kwezentlalo, ukuphaphela kwezobupolitika, nonxulumano lwebutho labantu oluyingenelo kwidemokhrasi engaphaya kweziphumo zonyulo
  • Ukoyisa imiqobo yokuvota nokwenza icebo lokuvota kubangela ukuba kube lula ukuba umntu abe nenxaxheba ngokunempumelelo
  • Impembelelo yakho kungekuphela nje yeziphumo zonyulo olukhawulezileyo kodwa kwanecebo lexesha elide lezobupolitika, ukuthotywa kwemilo yeyelenqe, nokukhuselwa kwamalungelo okuvota
  • Ulawulo - melo lufuna ukuba abe nenxaxheba ngokukhutheleyo kubemi, yaye ukuvota kumela eyona ndlela isisiseko yokuba nenxaxheba
  • Amalungelo okuvota athandwa ngabantu abaninzi baseMerika namhlanje afunyanwa kwizizukulwana zomlo nokuzincama
  • Ukuba nenxaxheba kunyulo namhlanje kuchaphazela ikamva ledemokhrasi yaseMerika kwizizukulwana ezizayo

Ongezelelweyo Oovimba

Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi ngokuvota nokuganana kwebutho labantu, cinga ngokuphanda ezi zinto zikhoyo:

  • . . . . . . . . . i-website yolwazi yokuvota esemthethweni karhulumente inika iinkcukacha malunga nokubhalisa, iindawo zokuvota, kunye nokuvota emorelini wakho
  • I-League of Women Voters - Lo mbutho ongengowompatili unika izikhokelo zovoti, ulwazi lonyulo, kunye nezibonelelo zokuqonda amanyathelo okuvota kunye nezikhundla zobhaqo-bhaqo-bhaqo
  • Rock i Vote - Ijolise kwintsebenziswano yabavoti abaselula, le ntlangano inika izixhobo zokubhalisa kunye nolwazi ngamalungelo okuvota kunye neenkqubo zokuvota
  • Imanyano yohlanga yamaQela kaRhulumente - Amakhonkco kwiiwebhusayithi zonyulo ezisemthethweni zikarhulumente apho ungafumana khona ulwazi olungqalileyo malunga nokuvota kurhulumente wakho
  • Ballotteia - ulwazi oluqukumbelayo malunga nabathathi-nxaxheba, amanyathelo okuchola, kunye neenkqubo zonyulo kulo lonke elaseUnited States

Ukuzinika ixesha lokuzifundisa ngeenkqubo zokuvota, abafuna uphando neembambano, kwaye wenze icebo lokuvota ukuqinisekisa ukuba ilizwi lakho liyaviwa kunyulo lomongameli. Idemokhrasi isebenza kakuhle xa bonke abemi bethabatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo yokukhetha. ivoti yakho ligunya lakho, sebenzisa lona ngobulumko kwaye ulisebenzise kakuhle.