Isivumelwano se-Ostreliya-ASTEAN Free Treade: Intsika yoHlahlo-mali lweLifa leMveli

I-Australia-ASANAN Free Trade Agreement (AANZFTA) imela enye yeenyathelo eziphambili zezoqoqosho nezobuzwe kwingingqi ye-Indo-Pacifini engamashumi amabini eminyaka edluleyo. Yatyikitywa ngo-2004 kwaye yafakwa ngamandla ngo-2010, esi sivumelwano sibanzi sidibanisa iAustralia namazwe alishumi akwiZizwe ezimanyeneyo zase-Southeast Asia (ASTEAN): iBrunei, i-Cambodia, i-Laos, i-Malaysia, i-Myanmar, i-Philippines, i-Singapore, i-Thailand, kunye ne-Vietnam. INew Zealand kwakhona idityaniswe njengesayina esisayina, yenza isivumelwano sokuqala sorhwebo esikhululekileyo nesobuzwe elinoburhulumente elinobuchule nophuhliso kuphuhliso kumazwe omhlaba.

Ukubaluleka kweAAANZFTA kwandisa ngaphaya konciphiso lomva welizwe kunye norhwebo. Isebenza njengendlela yokulungisa incoko yababini eninzi, intsebenziswano yolawulo, kwaye yabelana ngolawulo kummandla ophawulwe ngenkqubo ezahlukahlukeneyo zezobupolitika, amanqanaba enkqubela phambili, kunye nezinto eziphambili. Ngokudibanisa i-Australia ngokunzulu ngakumbi kuMzantsi-mpuma wezoqoqosho kunye nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zezorhwebo, esi sivumelwano siye sanceda ekulungiseni indlela yommandla wengingqi kwingingqi ye-Indo-Pacity. Sikwasebenza njengesakhiwo sesiseko solwakhiwo lwezinyathelo elikhulu njengeBhunga loMbutho wezentengingqi (RChempP), eyangena ngamandla kumazwe angama-20222, ngoku imele urhwebo olukhulu lwehlabathi.

Isiseko esicwangcisiweyo

Imvelaphi yeAAANZFTA ingafunyanwa ekuqaleni kowama- 2000, ixesha apho u-ASEANS wayezimisele ukusukelana noqoqosho lwangaphandle ukuze aqinise umbindi wayo kwizakhiwo zengingqi. I-Australia, ngokwenxenye yayo, yayifuna ukuqinisa ukuganana noMzantsi-ntshona we-Asia njengeqabane lezoqoqosho kunye nenkqubo elungele ukukhuphisana okuqhubekayo kwe-Indo-Pacific. Ingxoxo yesithethe yaqala ngo-200, ibonakalisa ukuqwalaselwa kokusondelelana kwezoqoqosho iza kuvelisa inzuzo kuwo onke amaqela. Isivumelwano sasayinwa ngo-2009 sazalisa ngo-2020 kucwangciso olupheleleyo lokuzincomeka lwe-Indo-Pacity.

Ingqiqo ecwangcisiweyo esemva kwe-AAANZFTA yayicacile: ukwenza ummandla wezoqoqosho ongenamthungo oza kwenza urhwebo kunye notyalo-mali lukwazi ukucutha iindleko, kwaye ibonelele imekobume ezinzileyo nethelekeleleyo yamashishini asebenza kulo mmandla. Kwangaxeshanye, isivumelwano sasiyilelwe ukuqinisa izithethe zoburhulumente obuvulekileyo kunye norhwebo lwemithetho olusekelwe kumazwe athe kwakudala axhasa. Oku kwakubaluleke kakhulu ukunyuswa kweengcinezelo zokhuselo kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi kunye nokhuphiswano olukhulayo phakathi kwamandla amakhulu eAsia nePacific.

Izinto kunye nommandla

Isivumelwano sineenjongo ezininzi. Kumgangatho wezoqoqosho, iAANZFTA ijolise ekunikezeleni nasekuncedeni urhwebo kwimpahla neenkonzo, ukukhuthaza ukuhambela phambili kotyalo-mali, ukunyusa intsebenziswano yezoqoqosho, kunye nokuseka imithetho ecacileyo nenokuthelekelelwa. Igubungela iindawo zorhwebo eziqhelekileyo ezifana nokuncitshiswa nokususwa kwemiqobo engeyoyoyo imithetho yezomthetho, kodwa ikwanabela nakwezorhwebo iingcaciso zonyango, ucoceko kunye nemilinganiselo yobugcisa, amalungelo empahla, ukhuphiswano, inkqubo yokhuphiswano, kunye norhwebo lwezeelektroniki. Isivumelwano sibanzi kulwano oluntsonkothile, sibonakalisa ulwalamano oluntsonkothile nolwano lwezoqoqosho lwangoku.

Iinjongo zentsebenziswano zibaluleke ngokulinganayo. Ngokuyila inkqubo esesikweni, ecwangcisiweyo yengxoxo kunye nentsebenziswano, iAAANZFTA iqinisa amaqhina adibanisa i-Australia ne-New Zealand ukuya ku-ASEAN. Inika amathuba athe rhoqo okubotshwa kweekomiti ezimanyeneyo, amaqela asebenzayo, kunye neenkqubo zokucombulula imicimbi. Ezi ngxoxo zakha ukuthembana, zinceda ukwabelana ngenkcazelo, kwaye zidala imibutho yamagosa kunye neengcali ezisebenza kunye kwimibandela yenkxalabo efanayo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, olu manyano lunegalelo kwimigaqo yengingqinelo yengingqi elungelelanisiweyo neyayo.

Impembelelo Yezoqoqosho Nokwanda Korhwebo

Impembelelo yezoqoqosho ye-AAANZFTA ithe kratya. Ekubeni isivumelwano saqala ukusebenza, urhwebo lwendlela ezimbini phakathi kwe-Australia ne-ASEA luye lwakhula ngokuphawulekayo, lufikelela malunga neAUD 178 amawaka ezigidi zezigidi zezinto kunye neenkonzo zorhwebo ngo-2023. I-ASCEA ngomnye wemisebenzi emikhulu yokurhweba yase-Australia, ikwisibini sesibini kuphela kwixabiso lorhwebo olupheleleyo. Ukuthunyelwa kwe-Australia kwimveliso zezolimo zenkomo, ingqolowa, ingqolowa, newayini, kunye nezixhobo zemali, iinkonzo zemfundo, iinkonzo zemali, kunye nezinto zoshishino. Ukurhweba nge-ASIAS kubandakanya ii-elektroniki, iimpahla, iimpahla, iimpahla, iimpahla, iimpahla, kunye nobuninzi borhwebo. Isivumelwano sikhuthaza ukukhula kweenkonzo zezorhwebo, iinkonzo zemali, iinkonzo zezentengiso, kunye neenkonzo zemali.

Unyuko longeniso lwande ngokuphawulekayo. Utyalo-mali lwase-Australia luye lwakhula lufikelela kwi-AUD 100 lamawaka ezigidi, lugxininiswe kwimithombo, izibonelelo, imali, kunye ne-agri projekthi. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, utyalo-mali e-ASCE e-Australia luye lwandisa amacandelo anjengempahla, i-tenetroniki, kunye namandla avuselelwayo. Ulungiselelo lotyalo-mali luquka ukukhusela ukukhutshwa kwe-endleko, iziqinisekiso zonyango olufanelekileyo nolulungeleleneyo, kunye neendlela zokulungisa impikiswano e-aseOstrean, zonke ezincedayo ukwenza imeko elungele ukulondolo lwemali ekhuselekileyo nekhuselekileyo.

Umahluko wecandelo nowengingqi

Iinzuzo zezoqoqosho zeAAANZFTA azizange zifane namaqela okanye amazwe. Amanye amaziko aye afumana ulwando olukhawulezileyo lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, lo gama amanye aye ajongana neengcinezelo ezitshintshiweyo. Umzekelo, ukuthunyelwa kwezolimo e-Australia ukuya kuMzantsi-mzantsi-ntshona we-Asia kuye kwakhula ngamandla, ingakumbi ukwenzela imveliso apho amaqela eemveliso e-Australia aye afumana ukhuphiswano oluphezulu ukusuka kubenzi bezinto eziphantsi ze-ASCEAN. Ngokufanayo, e-ASIAN, ephucuthe kakhulu kwezoqoqosho olunjelweyo njenge-Singapore, iMalaysia, kunye neThailand aye afumana izabelo ezinkulu zemali, ngoxa amalungu aphule kancinci njengeKhambo yaseCambodia, eLaos, kunye neMyanmar, aye angenelwe ngomlinganiselo omncinane, ngokwenxalenye ngenxa yokubonelela abavelisela-omatshini abasebenzi abasebenzi abambalwa.

Ukulungisa ezi zahlukane, iAAANZFTA iquka amalungiselelo entsebenziswano yezoqoqosho kunye noncedo lobugcisa, ingakumbi ukuxhasa amalungu amatsha e-ASEA kubuchule borhwebo nokuzalisekisa izibophelelo zesivumelwano. Iinkqubo zijolise kumasiko angoku, ulungelelwaniso, urhwebo, uphuhliso lorhwebo, kunye nophuhliso oluncinci kunye nolobugcisa. Le misebenzi yentsebenziswano iye yanegalelo ekukhuthazeni unxulumano lwengingqi kunye nokukhuthaza ubuchule kunye nokufunda koontanga phakathi kwamagosa kunye nabagcini-mathingi kummandla wonke.

Imilinganiselo edityanisiweyo nelungeleleneyo

Ukubaluleka kwentsebenziswano ye-AAANZFTA idlulela ngaphaya kweziphumo zayo zezoqoqosho. Esi sivumelwano siye saqinisa indawo ye-Australia njengeqabane elakhayo nelinokuthenjwa eMzantsi mpuma Asia, sinyusa ukuthembana nokuqondana namazwe angamalungu e-ASEA. Sinike iqonga kwisivumelwano somgangatho ophezulu othe rhoqo, kuquka iintlanganiso zaminyaka le zabalungiseleli borhwebo, abaphathi-mikhosi, kunye noochwepheshe bobugcisa. Ezi ngxoxo ziye zabangela ukuba kulula ukuncokola kwimiba emininzi engaphaya korhwebo, kuquka ukhuseleko lwengingqi, intsebenziswano yezorhwebo, imozulu, ukutshintsha kwemozulu, kunye nezempilo yoluntu.

IAANZFTA ikwabethelele umgaqo wombindi weASIA kwizakhiwo zengingqi. Ngokubandakanyeka no-ASIA njengeqela kunokuba kungenelwe izivumelwano ze-binadate kuphela, i-Australia ne-New Zealand ixhase indima yombutho njengesazulu sentsebenziswano yengingqi. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kumongo wokhuphiswano olubanzi phakathi kwe-United States neTshayina, apho umanyano lwe-ATEAN nozimeleyo luchanaba ukugcina ulungelelwano olulungeleleneyo noluzinzileyo lwengingqi. Isivumelwano sikwasebenza njengeqonga lobucuku bokuxhasa izikhundla kwimiba njengenkqubo yorhwebo esekelwe kwimithetho emininzi, eve phantsi koxinzelelo oluphezulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje.

Izicelo ze-Geo Anti - politiko kwiNkcubeko

Kumongo obanzi wecebo le-Indo-Pacial, i-AAANZFTA incedise ekuqiniseni kwezoqoqosho kunye nobudlelwane ne-ostreliya noMzantsi mpuma Asia ngexesha lommandla uba libala elisembindini lokhuphiswano olukhulu. Isivumelwano sinika ubunzima obuchaseneyo nempembelelo yezoqoqosho yaseTshayina, sinika iATEANS indawo yenye imvelaphi yorhwebo, urhwebo, kunye nophuhliso. Ikwahambelana nenkqubo ye-Australia yokuxhasa ukhuthulo olukhululekileyo noluvulekileyo lwe-Indo-Pacity, apho imithetho esekelwe kwimpembelelo yezoqoqosho iqinisa ugcino lwengingqini kunye nempumelelo.

Esi sivumelwano siye sanceda ukusebenzisana kwimingeni engeyoyasithethe yokhuseleko. Ngenkqubo yentsebenziswano yezoqoqosho enxulumene neAAANZFTA, iOstreliya namazwe awe-ASCE aye asebenza kunye kwimibandela enjengokhuseleko lokutya, amandla, ukumelana nentlekele, kunye nokuxhobisa izifo ezimandundu. Le nkxaso iye yakha ukuthembana namandla okuzilungiselela okuzilungiselela ngamaxesha entlekele, nto leyo eqinisa ukhuseleko lommandla.

Ukwakhiwa kweQumrhu noLawulo

Isakhiwo solawulo se-AAANZFTA siyilelwe ukuxhasa ukuphunyezwa okuqhubekayo, ukuhlolwa, kunye nendaleko yesivumelwano. Umzimba osisiseko yiKomiti yaMalungu ye-AANZFTA, ejonge ukuphumeza kunye nenkqubela phambili. Ngaphantsi kweKomiti ePhakathi, uthungelwano lweziqu ezidityanisiweyo luchaza iindawo ezifana norhwebo ngeempahla, imithetho yemvelaphi, iinkqubo zorhwebo, iinkonzo, utyalo-mali, impahla yobuchule, kunye nentsebenziswano yezoqoqosho.

Olu cwangciso lungqineke luqinile kwaye luvumelana noko. Luye lwavumela isivumelwano ukuba sitshintshe ngokuhamba kwexesha, sibandakanya imiba emitsha enjengezorhwebo lwe-elektroniki kunye norhwebo lwamanani, engalindelanga ngokupheleleyo xa isivumelwano siqhutyelwa phambili. IKomiti eManyeneyo kunye nemibutho engaphantsi kwayo ikwasebenza njengemijelo yonxulumano olungacwangciswanga, ibangela ukuba amagosa akwazi ukwakha ulwalamano lobuqu kunye nokuvelisa iingqiqo ezinokufumaneka xa kuthethwa ngemibandela enzima okanye entsonkothileyo.

Zigwebe Uze Ulawule Umthetho

I-AANZFTA iquka inkqubo yokuhlalisana esesikweni enika isisombululo esibophelelekileyo seengxaki zorhwebo phakathi kwamaqela. Le ndlela iqinisa umthetho kulwalamano lwezoqoqosho lwengingqi, inika enye indlela kwimilinganiselo engalinganiyo okanye iindlela ezisekelwe kumandla zokucombulula ukungavisisani. Ngoxa iimpikiswano bezinqabile phantsi kwe-AAANZFTA, ubukho benkqubo yokusebenza bunika ukhuseleko olubalulekileyo kwaye bunegalelo ekuxelwelezelweni nasekuthembekeni kwesivumelwano. Ikwabonisa kwakhona ukuzinikela ekuthengisweni okusekelwe kwimithetho esekelwe kwimiqathango okanye kwiindlela ezisekelwe kumandla ngexesha xa inkqubo yorhwebo yamazwe amaninzi ijongeneengxaki ezibalulekileyo.

Ucelomngeni Nokugxekwa

Ngaphandle kwempumelelo yayo, iAANZFTA ijongene nocelomngeni kunye nokugxekwa okuninzi. Enye into eqhubekayo kukuntsonkotha nokungabi naluxanduva koluhlu lokunciphisa umgangatho, olwahluka ngokuphawulekayo kuwo onke amazwe kunye nemveliso. Oku kuntsonkotha kungenza ukudideka kweshishini kunye nokwandisa iindleko zokuthobela. Abanye abagcini-mathikithi bakwathi imithetho yesivumelwano semvelaphi ibekelwe imiqathango egqithisileyo, isithintela amandla amashishini okusebenzisa ngaphaya koncedo olupheleleyo lonyango olubalulekileyo. Intengiso lwexabiso lonyango lweAAAAAntaZFTA luthelekelelwa malunga nama-70 ekhulwini kwiminye icandelo, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ukwabelana kwentengiso okubalulekileyo kuyaqhubeka ukubonakala phantsi kwemiqatha yolwano yolwano olulungileyo.

Olunye ucelomngeni lunxulumene nokugqunywa kwesivumelwano sokwahlula imiqobo engadibaniyo. Ngelixesha i-AANZFTA iquka amalungiselelo ajolise ekunciphiseni imiqobo enjalo, inkqubela ibingalingani. Imimiselo yobuchule, imilinganiselo, ucoceko kunye neenkqubo zezithethe ziyaqhubeka ziphazamisa urhwebo kumacandelo athile. Ukuphendula le miqobo kufuna intsebenziswano eqhubekayo kunye nolwakhiwo lolawulo, olufuna ukuxhaswa kwezopolitiko kunye noovimba.

Imibutho yamakhaya kunye nabanye abahlalutyi abaphambili baye baphakamisa inkxalabo ngokusasazwa kwenzuzo yorhwebo oluthe xhaxhe phantsi kwe-AANZFTA. Abahlalutyi baphikisa ngelithi iingenelo zixhaswe ngokungenakuthelekiswa nanto kwimibutho emikhulu nakumazwe atyebileyo, ngelixa amashishini amancinane naphakathi, abasebenzi abaphumeza amacandelo okurhweba ngaphandle, kwaye amalungu aphucukileyo ase-ASSIA aye abona ingeniso elinganiselweyo. Kukho nempembelelo yesivumelwano kwimilinganiselo yomsebenzi, ukhuseleko lwemekobume, kunye nokufikelela kwiinkonzo zikawonke-wonke. Ngelixa uAAAANZFTA ibandakanya amalungiselelo kule mibathwathwane yentsebenziswano, abagxeki-mswana baphikisa ukuba ababoni impumelelo efunekayo okanye abanyanzelekangagunyaziswanga ngokwaneleyo.

Izahlulo-mali zeMida

Ukuphunyezwa kwe-AAANZFTA bekungalingani kumazwe angamalungu angeASIA, ebonisa ukwahluka kumthamo wolawulo, imigaqo yolawulo, kunye nemigangatho yokuphuhlisa. Amanye amazwe ebecotha ukuzalisekisa unciphiso lolwahlulo okanye ukudibanisa imigaqo yawo kunye namalungiselelo esivumelwano. Ukunqanda ulawulo lwamasiko, ukuthotyelwa kwemilinganiselo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwentengiso kusikelwe umda amandla amanye amashishini, ingakumbi amancinci kunye neminye imicimbi ephakathi, ukuze kungenelwe kwisivumelwano. Ukunika idilesi le midangatho kufuna uncedo lobugcisa kunye neenkqubo zentsebenziswano, eziye zaba luphawu olubalulekileyo lwenkqubo yemisebenzi ye-AAAANFITA yezo nkonzo kodwa ezifuna izibonelelo ezixhasekileyo kwaye zifuna ulawulo kunye nokuthanda kwezobupolitika.

Ukusetyenziswa Kwale Mihla Nokuvela Kwezakhiwo Zorhwebo

AANZFTA ayizange ihlale ithe nkqo ukususela ekungeneni kwayo ngamandla. Ngo-2019, amaqela aqalisa inkqubo yokunyuswa nokusetyenziswa kwesivumelwano, ebonisa utshintsho kwizoqoqosho lwehlabathi jikelele nokuvela kwemiba emitsha njengorhwebo lwamanani, i-e-commerce, inkqubela-phambili eqinisekisiweyo, uphuhliso oluzinzileyo, ugcino-lwazi oluninzi lwetsheyina. Ulwandiso lonyuso lwagqitywa ngo-2022, ngesivumelwano esihlaziyiweyo esilindeleke ukuba singene kunyanzelo lwasekhaya emva kokugqitywa kwenkqubo yolwakhiwo lwasekhaya. Unyuso lwe-AAANZFTA luquka izahluko ezintsha kurhwebo lwamanani, ukurhwebelana korhulumente, inkqubo yokufumana ukhuphiso, ukhuphiso, ukhuphiso oluncinane, kunye nemibutho encinane kunye nemibutho encinane, ngokukhuliswa kwemisiweyo kwimisebenzi, iimarikezo, kunye nemithetho yemvelaphi.

Inkqubo yokwandiswa kwezoqoqosho ngokwayo inentsingiselo yentsebenziswano. Ibonisa ukuba amaqela ayaqhubeka ebopheleleka kwisivumelwano kunye nokuvuma kwawo ukuqhelanisa neemeko ezitshintshayo. Ikwanika iqonga lentsebenziswano enzulu kwimiba evelayo ekwimeko yexesha elizayo yomanyano lwezoqoqosho. Isivumelwano sokuphucula sicetyelwe ukuphelelisa nokuqinisa iNtlanganiso yezoqoqosho (RCEP), enobulungu obuphangaleleyo kunye nokudityaniswa okunzulu.

IAANZFTA, iRCEP, kunye nekamva lorhwebo lwamashishini amaninzi

Ulwalamano phakathi kwe-AANZFTA ne-RCEP lubalulekile ekuqondeni ukwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zorhwebo lwengingqi. I-RCEP, equka onke amaqela e-AANZFTA dibanisa neTshayina, iJapan ne-South Korea, ihamba ngaphezulu kune-AAANZFTA kwiindawo ezifana nemithetho yemvelaphi, ukukhupha i-tappy, kunye norhwebo. Kodwa, i-AAANZFTA ihlala ifanelekile kuba inika isakhiwo esithe mbende nesithambileyo sokusebenzisana phakathi kwe-Australia, i-New Zealand, kunye ne-ASEA. Ivumela umanyano olunzulu nentsebenziswano oluthuthwayo kwimibango ethile yala lamaqela, ngexa i-RCEP inika iqonga ebanzi yokudibana ne-North Asian thermast systeum.

Ubukho bezivumelwano ezininzi, ezilalanayo kulo mmandla buye baphakamisa inkxalabo ngelixa "le sitya esineentambo" isiphumo, apho ukwanda kwemithetho eyahlukeneyo yemvelaphi, uludwe lolawulo, kunye nemigangatho yolawulo idala ubuntsonkothileyo kunye nokungasebenzi kwee-propati. Noko ke, iAANZFTA neRCEP zenzelwe ukuba zisebenzisane, ngemimiselo eyenza ukuqulunqwe kwemvelaphi kunye nokulungelelana kwemithetho enqamleza izivumelwano. Ukubekwa kwale nkonzo ye-AANZFTA kuye kwabangela ukuba kuvumelane neendleko ze-RCEP ezithengiselwano zezoshishino ezisebenza kuzo zombini iinkqubo.

I-Ofisi yoMsebenzi weNkqubo

Ukujonga phambili, iAANZFTA iza kuqhubeka isenza indima ebalulekileyo kunxulumano lwengingqi kunye nomanyano lwezoqoqosho. Esi sivumelwano sinika isiseko esizinzileyo nesithe ngqo sentsebenziswano yezoqoqosho ngexesha lokungaqiniseki kwemeko-bume yehlabathi kunye nokunyuka kokhuseleko. Siqinisa izithethe zorhwebo olusekelwe kwimithetho kunye nomthetho wengingqi obalulekileyo kwimpumelelo nozinzo lwe-Indo-Pacific. E-Australia, isivumelwano sisesona sisesona sisenzi somanyano saso noMzantsimpuma Asia kunye nesixhobo esingundoqo sokwandisa umanyano lwezoqoqosho nomanyano olusemgangathweni noluqikelelo nommandla.

Ukwandisa iinzuzo zeAAANZFTA, amaqela kufuneka ajolise kwizinto eziphambili eziliqela. Okokuqala, ukuphunyezwa kufuneka kuqiniswe, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezifana nokusetyenziswa kwentengiso, ulungelelwaniso lwemigangatho, kunye nokwakhiwa kobuchule kumazwe angaphucukanga. Okwesibini, isivumelwano esiphuculiweyo kufuneka samkelwe kwaye sisetyenziswe ngokukhawuleza, kwaye amalungiselelo amatsha entengiso yamanani, amashishini amancinane naphakathi, kunye nenkqubela-phambili esebenzayo kufuneka iqhubeke isebenza ngokunempumelelo. I-teknoloji, i-e-astrity, i-diactive, kunye notshintsho lolwakhiwo lwemida

Ukuqinisa Intsebenziswano Yenqila

I-AANZFTA inokuba yiqonga lentsebenziswano yengingqi ebanzi. Ngaphezu kwemisebenzi yayo engundoqo yorhwebo kunye notyalo-mali, isivumelwano singasetyenziswa ngokukhutheleyo ukukhuthaza intsebenziswano kwiimeko ezifana nokutshintsha kwemozulu, amandla, ulawulo lwezoqoqosho, kunye nokhuseleko lwezempilo. Isakhiwo se-AAANZFTA sinika amathuba athe rhoqo okuganana kwamagosa kunye nabagcini-mathiriyeli, nto leyo enokuxhotyiswa ukuqhubela phambili izilangazelelo ezincumisayo kule mimandla. Ukwandisa umlinganiselo wentsebenziswano phantsi kwesivumelwano kuya komeleza imixokelelwano phakathi kwe-Australia kunye ne-ANZFTA, nokuqinisa indima yesivumelwano njengomqulu woshishino lwengingqi.

Isiphelo

I-Australia-ASEAN Free Trade Agreement ime njengempumelelo ephawulekayo kumanyano lwezoqoqosho nophuhliso lwengingqi. Ngaphezu kweminyaka elishumi yokuzalisekisa, iye yazisa iingenelo ezingundoqo zezoqoqosho ngokwandisa urhwebo nokwehla kotyalo-mali, ukunciphisa imiqobo, kunye nokwenza imekobume engqinelanayo yezoshishino. Kwangaxesha linye, iye yomeleza umanyano lweziko, kwaye yaqinisa izithethe zorhwebo olusekelwe kwimithetho kunye nolawulo oluvulekileyo kwi-Indo-Paciocement. Isivumelwano siye sangqinelana, ngokuhambelana nokunika ingxengxeko entsha kunye namathuba okunika inkxaso kuqoqo-mali lwehlabathi.

Njengokuba ummandla weIndo-Paciolence uhamba uhamba umgama othe ngqo kunye nokhuphiswano olukhulu lwezixhobo, iAANZFTA inika iqonga elizinzileyo lentsebenziswano nengxoxo. I-ankile ye-Australia idibana ne-Southeast Asia ngexesha xa ukubaluleka kommandla kwimpumelelo nokhuseleko kuAstreliya kungazange kube kukhulu. Iqinisa umbindi wokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo zengingqi kwaye ixhasa umbono we-Indo-Pacity. Isivumelwano asikho ngaphandle kwemingeni, kuquka imicimbi yaso, kuquka imicimbi, ukunikezela, ukudityaniswa, kunye nokuntsonkothaza kwemisebenzi yezakhiwo ezigqithiseleyo. Noko ke, ingxelo yayo yokudlulisela iinzuzo ezisebenzayo ngexesha lokukhuthaza ukuthembana nokuzinziswa kwemisebenzi yezoshishino kunye nokuziko lwelizwe lwelizwe lwelizwe siyenza ibe lingundawo ebalulekileyo kwindawo yoqoqo lezoqoqosho kunye nendawo yanamhlanje.

Ukuqhubeka ufunda, jonga i-Australian yeSebe leMicimbi yaMany'eMicimbi neTrandi, , i-ASATEAN STIAT [, kunye ne [[[FLT:]] i-Lowy Institute [[[[FLT:]]] yohlalutyo lorhwebo nemicimbi yequmrhu. Iimbono ze-Academic zinokufunyanwa kwiBanki yoPhuhliso [[[FLT:]] kunye ne[FLT:] IBHANGE] Ihlabathi [[FLT:]], eliye lapapasha uhlolo lwezivumelwano zemisebenzi yezoshishino kunye nenkqubela yalo.