Ulwalamano phakathi kwegunya likarhulumente nelorhulumente eUnited States luphawu oluchazayo lolawulo lwamaMelika, ukanti lusahlala lungenye yezona nkalo zinamandla nezinempikiswano kwinkqubo yomgaqo-siseko. Umanyano .() ulwahlulo lwamandla phakathi korhulumente wesizwe norhulumente ) kwaye lwenzelwe ukulinganisa umanyano lweendawo, kodwa imida yala magunya ayisoloko icacile. Ngexesha elithile, imigca iye yafiphaza njengawona manqanaba owona anamandla karhulumente alawulayo kwimimandla elungeleleneyo. Ukuqonda indlela la mandla asebenza ngayo ekusebenzeni ngokuntsonkothile kweU.S. ukwenziwa kwemithetho, ukucaciswa okusemthethweni, kwanobomi bemihla ngemihla. Eli nqaku lihlolisisa imizekelo yokwenene yemeko yorhulumente yoluntu kunye neyolawulo lwamazwe, inikeza iinkcukacha kwindlela ezihambelana ngayo zonke izinto kwimfundo kunye nezonyango kwimiqatha yezonyango.

Isiseko Somanyano

Umanyano lwe-Federalism eUnited States lusekelwe kuMgaqo-siseko, onika amagunya achaziweyo adwelisweyo kurhulumente worhulumente worhulumente ngeli xesha egcina onke amanye amagunya phantsi koMphetho-Mgaqo-siseko weshumi. Kodwa esi sakhiwo siye satshintsha ngokuphawulekayo ukususela kwixesha lokusekwa. Ulawulo lwangaphambili lwaseMelika lulandele imodeli edibanisiweyo, ngokufuthi ebizwa ngokuba yoburhulumente , apho urhulumente noorhulumente belizwe basebenza kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, urhulumente wezwe walawula imicimbi yangaphandle, kunye nokuzikhusela kwesizwe, ngoxa amazwe elawula ulawulo lwasekuhlaleni, imfundo, kunye noshishino-thengiso. Noko ke, iziganeko ezifana ne-New Moveralivement, i-Movementmentmentmentsment, kunye nolwanditymentmentmentmentationsmentssssmentment [FFoctivement:[3]

Kulawulo lorhulumente olusebenzisanayo, umahluko phakathi kwegunya likarhulumente nelorhulumente udla ngokuphazamisa, ingakumbi xa iinjongo zamazwe zifuna ukuphunyezwa kwengingqi. Oku kudibanisa kungenza zombini ezi zimo zomjelo kunye nokhuhlano. Umzekelo, urhulumente unika inkxaso kwiimeko ezithi ngokunempumelelo zitsale inkqubo karhulumente kwicala lesizwe. Okwangoku, amatyala atsalel ’ umva ngokumisela iinkcazelo zawo ezingokwasemthethweni okanye ngokudlulisa umthetho ongqubana ngqo nomthetho worhulumente.

Iingcinga Eziyintloko Ekubetheni Igunya Ngokugqithisileyo

Iingcamango ezininzi ezingokwasemthethweni nezezobupolitika ziyanceda ukuchaza indlela amagunya angenanayo abonakala ngayo. Intelekelelo iyenzeka xa umthetho wezwe uthatha indawo yomthetho wesizwe kwindawo enikiweyo, mhlawumbi ngokucacileyo okanye ngokwentsingiselo. Ngokuchaseneyo, [[FLT:]] anamandla akhoyo awezo zombini amaqela, njengamandla erhafu, anokuboleka imali, kunye nokuseka iinkundla. [[FLT: 4.] ulawulo oluqhelekileyo [ lukwavumela zombini urhulumente ukuba ahlulele izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezichasene zombini ezimiselwe yimimiselo yemimiselo. [FT] Esombululo: [FT] [FFFT]

Imizekelo yehlabathi lokwenene yamagunya agqithisileyo

Amacandelo alandelayo ahlolisisa iindawo ezithile apho igunya lorhulumente norhulumente lidibana khona, ngokufuthi lidala ulawulo olwahlukeneyo kunye nengquzulwano ngamathuba athile. Umzekelo ngamnye ubalaselisa indlela ulungelelwano lwamandla oluguquka ngayo ngokuxhomekeke kwimbambano, kwimozulu yezobupolitika, kunye nokutolikwa okungomthetho.

1. Imfundo

Imfundo ngokwesithethe inguMthetho wesizwe nowemfundo yasekuhlaleni, kunye nokumisela amaphondo umgangatho wokufundisa, ukulungiselela abafundisi- ntsapho, kunye nezikolo zemali. Noko ke, urhulumente wesizwe uye wasebenzisa amandla awo okusebenzisa ukuphembelela inkqubo yemfundo. Elementary kunye noMthetho weSixeko weSixeko [EA: 1], okokuqala udluliswe ngonyaka ka-1965 kunye nowexesha lakutshanje ugunyazisiweyo njengoMthendeleli Wonke Ophumelelayo (ESA) ngo- 2015, unika amawaka ezigidi zemali ngokwemali ukutshintshana nokutshintsha izinto eziphambili zesizwe ezinje kuvavanyo oluqhelekileyo, ukuphendula iimfuno zemali ezithe ngqo, kunye nezingagqibekanga. Ngokufanayo, kunye nezi-Invidiedi ezigunyaziweyo ngoMgalelo lwemfundo (ED) [FUT] ngoMathematike) ngoMasipala kawonke-omatika-odk

I-United States iyakwazi ukumelana neemeko ezithe ngxi, kodwa iimeko zikarhulumente zisoloko zibumba ukuphunyezwa kwezi nkqubo. Umzekelo, amaphondo kufuneka athobele iinjongo zeSebe lemfundo lase-U.S.

Ukunyamekela impilo

Ubuchule bempilo busenokuba yeyona ndawo iphambili yamagunya angenanayo kwinkulungwane yama-21. Urhulumente wasekuhlaleni unika iMedicare, i-Veterans Health Administration, kunye noMthetho we-Affordhable Care (ACA) wotshintshiswano, ngoxa amaphondo esebenzisa iinkqubo zeMedicaid, kwaye elawula impilo kawonke-wonke. uMdicaid ngumzekelo obalaseleyo womanyano lorhulumente: urhulumente umisela imilinganiselo encinci ekhoyo, ulinganisa imo yokuchitha i-inshorensidensi, kwaye ufuna ukuba kugqunywe abantu abathile (njengoko abantwana abangeneyo ephantsi, abafazi abakhulelweyo, kunye nabantu abakhubazekileyo) ukuze bafumane intlawulo oluphezulu kwiinkqubo zabo zombuthothozo ze-ACA.

I-ACA ngokwayo ibiyindawo ebanzi yokungquzulana kwesizwe. Emva kokudlula kwayo, ichaza ukuba akunyanzelekanga kwaphela okanye kunyanzelekile ukuba kuphulukezwe iMedicaid, nto leyo ekhokelela kwisigqibo seNkundla ePhakamileyo iNational Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius, ebambene ukuba amazwe angenakunyanzeleka ukuba andise okanye alahlekelwe yimali eninzi yeMédicaid. Ukususela ngoko, amazwe amaninzi aye andisa, kodwa awakhange abangele ukuphelisa ukuqulunqwalana. Ngaphezu koko, urhulumente usebenzise igunya lakhe ukulawula amaxabiso asemthethweni omthetho ogunyazayo, ngoxa amazwe aye akhokela kwimibandela engenisa iziyobisi kunye nokubonakala. I-COVID ibala ingxolo esasazwa ngokugqithisa ngokuphindiselwa koongo zikarhulumente, kunye nemiyalelo yezonkalo yezo zikarhulumente, kunye nolawulo loluntu oluthe lwaselukuthethwa ngoncedo loluntu, kunye nolawulo loluntu olunyuso lwezi.

3. Umgaqo-nkqubo wokusingqongileyo

Inkqubo yokusingqongileyo isebenza phantsi kwesakhiwo apho urhulumente wesizwe emisela imigangatho yesizwe kwaye urhulumente angazalisekisa imimiselo esezantsi. UMthetho woMthombo womoya ococekileyo kunye ne-Grac Water Act inika amandla kuMthendeleko we-U.S....Indawo Engqongileyo yoKhuselo-moya neyobunjani, ukuseka imigangatho encinci kunye nomgangatho wamanzi, kodwa la mazwe angasebenzisa igunya eligunya eligunyazinziweyo ukuqhuba iinkqubo zawo zokuthobela. ICalifornia inandipha indawo eyodwa phantsi koMthetho ococekileyo: ingafuna ii-ravers ukusuka kwi-EPA ukubeka i-enjini yayo, ngokufuthi engqongqo kuneemfunolawulo lwamazwe oluntu, kwaye amanye amazwe angakhetha ukuthatha iimigangatho ye-California. Le nkqubo ikhokeleleneemeko ephawulekayo ze-costatinezo ezithe ngokuchasanayo.

Kwakhona ukuxabana okugqithisileyo kubangela ukonakalisa. Urhulumente wengingqi usenokufuna ukuphelisa imithetho yemeko-bume engqubana nenkqubo yesizwe, njengokuba kubonwa kwiimpikiswano zokukhutshwa komphunga kwizityalo okanye kwigesi yegreenhouse. Ngokuchasene noko, uthetha ukuba maxa wambi urhulumente wesizwe anyanzelise isenzo esinamandla kwimicimbi efana nokutshintsha kwemozulu okanye ukuvavanya ukupheka kwemithetho yemeko-bume. I-EPA ikwalawula iinkqubo ezinjenge-Superfund (ukucoca inkunkuma eyingozi) kunye namaziko karhulumente.

4. Okusesikweni kwezaphuli-mthetho nokhuseleko loluntu

Ngokuyintloko okusesikweni komthetho ngumsebenzi wamapolisa, iinkundla, kunye neentolongo ezisetyenziswa kwiphondo nakumgangatho wasekuhlaleni. Noko ke, imithetho yorhulumente kunye namaqumrhu asebenza indima ebalulekileyo, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinqumla iintambo zikarhulumente okanye ezibandakanya iimfuno zohlanga. iFederal Bureaudial of Investigation (FLT)[[FLT]] [[FULT]]] ihlola iimfuno ezithi zichasene nomthetho kazwelonke, ezinjengokuphanga ibhanki, ukurhwebelana kweziyobisi kwiintambo zikarhulumente, i-ibercrime, kunye nobuphekula. [Umthetho we-Foctive:[FT]] [[FLT]]GUR.GUR.[FFLT]GUM] Act [FG] [FLD: 3] [5] umgaqo othenjiweyo, kodwa ugunyaziso lonyango lonyango lonyango lonyango lonyango lonyango lonyango lonyango lolwarhobonke, lungaluthiyolula, lunga

Le ngxabano iphinde yabekwa. Iinkundla zixhase ubukhulu borhulumente jikelele phantsi kwe-CSA, kodwa isebe eliphetheyo liye lakhetha ukungayimangaleli imisebenzi yorhulumente. Enye indawo yoxinezeleko kukunyanzeliswa kwabantu abafudukayo. Ngoxa urhulumente wengingqi enegunya elipheleleyo kumthetho wokufuduka, amagosa anike imithetho efuna intsebenziswano namagosa asekuhlaleni azimeleyo okanye athintele intsebenziswano enjalo, ephumela kumadabi asenkundla kumgangatho wegunya likarhulumente. Imfundiso yolawulo oluphindiweyo ivumela ukuba zombini urhulumente kunye netyala lorhulumente livumele ukuba kwenziwe oku mzekelo ofanayo, abaphathi abandakanyekileyo ekubulaweni kukaGeorge Flod bajongenezo zombini ityala nezo zikarhulumente. Le mizekelo ibonisa ukuba kugqumo lwetyala lomthetho wolwaphulo-mthetho neziphumo eziluncedo.

5. Ukubhaliswa Ngokusemthethweni: Ingxabano Eqhubekayo

Mhlawumbi akukho mbambano ingcono ebonisa ukuxinana kwamandla angenayo kunomjelo womjelo. Ngonyaka wama-2025, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha se-U.S. i-cannabis ibhaliswe ngokwasemthethweni ukuze isetyenziswe kwezonyango, kwaye inani elifanayo lokusebenzisa ukuzonwabisa. Kodwa urhulumente uyaqhubeka echaza ukuba umbangi njengeShedyuli Ndiwulawula umatshini phantsi kwe CSA, okuthetha ukuba akuvumelekanga ukwenza, ukusasaza, okanye ukuba nomthetho wesizwe. Oku kunyanzelele iSebe leJaji ukuba linikezele i-ctalranda (njengokuba iCole Meyandrandum, kamva iyeka) ukuchaza izinto eziphambili zokugcinwa komthetho, ngokunempumelelo ukushiya iimarikethengi e-o kummandla ompumfakileyo. Phezu kwayo imigudu yokuphinda i-mfashoni okanye ukurhoxandulela nge-oksculayo kunye nezenzo zokulawula.

Iziphumo ezisebenzisekayo zibonakala ngokucacileyo: abalimi abasemthethweni basebenza ngokuphandle ngoxa besasetyenziswa ngobuchule ekuchotshelweni kwetyala; iibhanki kunye namaqhina okuthelekisa amatyala ayathanda ukuncedisa ushishino ngenxa yemali egatyiweyo; kwaye urhwebo lwamazwe angaphandle luhlala lungenzeki ngenxa yokuhambisa umya kumchamo-mzabalazo kwimigca karhulumente uchasene nomthetho karhulumente. Imingeni enzima yeNkundla isoloko ixhasa ubukhulu bukarhulumente, kodwa iKhomishini iye yasebenzisa ukuchasana nabakhweli-a (umz. iRocracer-Blamorementment) ukuthintela iSebe lemali ekuchitheni intlungela imisebenzi yezonyango yesizwe. Lo mzekelo utyhila indlela amandla anokuvelisa ngayo ukuchasana kwemeko-deo engonakalayo, ngo-61, kunye nokuguqula kwimilo yezopolitiko.

6. Ukuphendula kwentlekele nolawulo lwexesha likaxakeka

Iintlekele zendalo--_hurricanes, imililo yequbuliso, izikhukula, iindyikitya zokufa, ukuvulela intsabelo enkulu yoorhulumente. UMthetho we-Stafford unika urhulumente wesizwe indima ephambili ekunikezeleni uncedo kumazwe kunye nemimandla nge-Federal Emergency Management Management Agency (FEMA), kodwa amazwe agcina ukhokelo ekulawuleni imisebenzi yexesha likaxakeka kumhlaba wawo. Irhuluneli kufuneka icele isibhengezo sentlekele karhulumente phambi kokuba i-FEMA ingakwazi ukumisa imithombo yemali, kunye namaziko ajongene nemicimbi yolawulo karhulumente elungele ukuphumelela kunye neempikiswano, njengoko kuboniwe ngexesha lenkquluko kaKatrina, apho ii-CHOVD, kunye nokuvavanyanisa, apho i-endomss, kunye nokurhoxatya okutheneyo kufutshane kwe-mali ye-ogcunt

Le ngxaki ibonisa indlela igunya elingenayo elinokuba ngamandla kunye nobuthathaka ngayo. Urhulumente worhulumente wasebenzisa ukuthengwa kwalo namandla okulawula ukukhawulezisa ukusetyenziswa kwesitofu kunye nokuveliswa kwemveliso, ngelixa oorhulumente bekhupha imiyalelo ehlala ekhaya, imiqathango yezoshishino, kunye nesigqubuthelo sesigqubuthelo. Xa ezinye iijaji zilungela ulawulo lungaluchasa ukhokelo lukarhulumente, ulawulo lwaluxhomekeke ekuqaleni kwinkuphembelela nokuxhasa nokuxhasa inkxaso yemali kunokuba kunyanzeleke ngokusemthethweni. Isiphumo sasingumsebenzi wemithetho eyahlukeneyo enqumla imigca yombuso, ebhexeka indlela ukulungele ukulingana phakathi kweyunifomu nolawulo lwengingqi yoluntu ngexesha lokwenene. Ingxoxo iyaqhubeka nokuba urhulumente unegunya elinamandla kangakanani lokulawula urhulumente okanye enoba urhulumente umele agcine igunya kusini na.

7. Uqhaqho nokhetho

Unyulo lwaseUnited States lulawulwa kakhulu ngamazwana, amisela iiyure zokuvota, iindawo zommandla, iinkqubo zokuvota, kunye neemaphu eziphinda-phindiweyo. Noko ke, imithetho yequmrhu enjenge iVotting Rights Act ka 1965[ [iiVRA], [iii- i-National Voter Brigionac yango ka 1993[[[FL:3]] (iMithetho]), kunye [[FLT] noMthetho weMelika] uMphumezo woMsebenzi waseMelika ka 2002 [[[5]] [iIIndlela] ibeka iimfuno zokukhusela nokuqinisekisa. Umzekelo, umzekelo, ngokweemeko ezifunekayo kunye neendawo zembali yokufumana inkcusotho kwimithetho eguqulwayo phambi konyuko yeSebe elibekileyo [iT] kwaye i-Frate.[3]

Ukwabelana apha kuyabonakala ngokukhethekileyo kunyulo lwamaqumrhu, apho umGaqo-siseko unika iBhunga amandla okulawula amaxesha, iindawo, nendlela yonyulo ( lonyulo (Umzekelo I, Icandelo 4). Ingqungquthela iyakwazi ukubeka imigaqo efanayo yemithetho karhulumente, kodwa ivumela ubukhulu becala ukuba kubekho ubuchule borhulumente, ukwenza umahluko omkhulu ekuvoteleni kwasekuqaleni, ukuvota, kunye nokungahambi kwemithetho esemthethweni. Unyulo lomongameli wama-202020 lwabona unyulo olungenakuthelekiswa nanto kwiinkqubo zokuvota ezilawula urhulumente. Olu nxibelelwano lubonisa indlela amandla aqhubekeka ngayo kuccelo-ncolo, ukwenza ukuba kubekho ukuvota kwasekuhlaleni nokungqubana komthetho xa kungquzula ungquzulwano.

8. Izakhiwo zezithuthi

Ukwakhiwa nokugcinwa kweendlela, iibhulorho, kunye nothutho lukawonke-wonke kubandakanya unxulumano oluntsonkothileyo phakathi korhulumente, urhulumente, kunye norhulumente wasekuhlaleni. Urhulumente wengingqi unika intlawulo eninzi yemali yeendlela zohambo zomgama phakathi kwendlela yolawulo ngeNkxaso yeHighway Trust, exhaswa yirhafu yepetroli. Amazwe anelungelo lokwakha nokulungisa, kodwa kufuneka ahambisane nemigangatho karhulumente yobunjineli, ukhuseleko, uhlalutyo lwemeko lwemeko-bume, kunye nomsebenzi. I-FEderal Highway Ad Administration (FA)[FLD:1] amisela izikhokelo, izibonelelo, ulwamkelo, kunye nokugcinwa kwemali, ngoxa kugcinwa ulungelelwano olubalulekileyo kwimidalo yawo.

Oku kudibana kuvelise zombini ezi ndlela zemali. Ngokunjalo, urhulumente wesizwe uye wasebenzisa inkxaso yakhe yemali elandela isiqinisekiso kunye nokhuhlo. Umzekelo, amatyala aye atyhalela emva kwimfuno zikarhulumente zomvuzo okhoyo (uMthetho wedavis-Bacon) okanye iziphumo zempembelelo yemekobume, ephikisanayo nazo zongeza ixabiso kunye nolibaziseko. Okwangoku, urhulumente wesizwe usebenzise inkxaso yemali ukukhuthaza ukumiselwa kwemithetho yezomthetho efana nokuhlala phantsi kwesihlalo, ukunxila iziphumo ezithelwe, kunye nobeko-o-oo-octive zizinto zezithuthi. Infracracrification kunye noMgaqo womsebenzi (2021) unika amawaka ezigidi zendlela, iibhulophu, kunye nezibanzi, kunye nemali ezininzi ezidityaniswe kwimo yemozulu kunye nokucwangcisa. Njengoko ezinye iindawo zisebenza kakuhle xa zilungele ukumelana komnye.

Ucelomngeni Nengxabano Ekulawuleni Ngokugqithiseleyo

Imizekelo engasentla ibonisa ukuba amandla angenayo ayimbi ngokwemvelo, avumela utshintsho lwasekuhlaleni kunye nomanyano lwesizwe ngexesha elinye. Kodwa ke, avelisa ucelomngeni oluzingisileyo olubangela ubunzima bokulawula kwaye maxa wambi awelela kwiingxaki ezipheleleyo.

Usindiso Neemfazwe Ezisemthethweni

Enye yezona ndawo ziqhelekileyo kukutshayelwa kwelizwe. Xa iBhunga liceba ukuhlala kwintsimi ngokupheleleyo, imithetho karhulumente ayisebenzi. Kodwa iinkundla zimele zigqibe ukuba umthetho karhulumente ukhulula umsebenzi wombuso okanye uhlala kunye nawo. Iimeko zokuphawula ezifana Arizona v. IUnited States[FLT] [1] (202) yabetha imithetho emininzi yomthetho wokunyanzelisa ukufuduka njengoko ikhutshiwe, ngoxa abanye bexhasa ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi nemithetho yokusebenza. Ukungaqiniseki okusemthethweni kukhokelela ekuthabatheni izithuba eziphezulu ezinokudibanisa inkqubo. Isiphumo sisokuba igunya elingenayo lingavelisa ukuguquka, kodwa xa amacandelo omabini karhulumente elawulwa ngamacandelo aphikisanayo.

Ukuguquguquka nokungalingani

Ngenxa yokuba urhulumente angazalisekisa iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kwimimiselo yesizwe, iingenelo kunye nokhuseleko olukhoyo kubemi lungahluka ngokuphawulekayo. Umntwana ofumana imali ephantsi eMassachusetts angafumana ubuchule bokugquma kunye nezikolo zempilo, ngeli xesha umntwana eMississippi enokuba nezibonelelo ezimbalwa. Olu tshintsho luphikisana nengcamango yokuba ukuba ukuba ubumi borhulumente buqinisekisa isiseko samalungelo kunye neenkonzo. Umgangatho osezantsi wemfundo, uMdicaid entsiganity, umgangatho wemekobume bendalo (ukuzama ukuthoba oku, kodwa bunamandla kuphela njengomthetho kunye nolawulo lwezobupolitika. Isiphumo siqhubeka nokuba urhulumente umele amisele i-freaced extivene okanye artiventity.

Ukusilela Komanyano

Kwanaxa kufunwa intsebenziswano, amandla angenanayo angakhokelela ekungeneni kwemigudu, imimiselo ephikisanayo, kunye nokungadibanisi ixesha kuxhaphakile. Ngexesha lesifo se-COVID-19, udideko luye lwavela kubani noxanduva lokuvavanya izinto, umthamo wesibhedlele, kunye nokusasazwa kwemijelo yezokonakaliso. Kwinkqubo yokusingqongileyo, iimfuno ezithelekisayo ezivela kwi-EPA kunye namaziko karhulumente zingadala ixesha elide. Ucelomngeni kukuyila iinkqubo ezidambisa ukuxabana kwezixhobo ngexanduva loxa kugcinwa inzuzo yegunya elinye.

Ukuba Nekamva: Ikamva LobuFederalism

Ulungelelwano lwamandla karhulumente norhulumente luya kuqhubeka luguquka, luqhutywa ziinkcazelo ezingokwasemthethweni, ukutshintsha kwezobupolitika, nokuvela kweembambano ezintsha. Isigqibo seNkundla Ephakamileyo kwimfundiso enkulu, imfundiso engagunyaziyo, kunye nokukhulula urhulumente ziya kubumba umkhamo wegunya ngalinye. Okwangoku, amazwe ayaqhubeka esebenza njengeeklabhula-bhurejini zedemokhrasi, azama iinkqubo zezolwazi, umgaqo wobuchule owenziweyo, ingeniso esisiseko yendalo, kwaye ngaphezulu ngokungaphezulu-8) kune-ademon karhulumente worhulumente. Ezi zinyathelo ekugqibeleni zinokuphembelela umthetho worhulumente okanye zibangele ukukhuthulwa kolawulo-mthetho.

Abemi namagosa karhulumente ngokufanayo kufuneka balumkele olu lawulo luntsonkothileyo beqonda ukuba amandla angenanayo akayosiphene kodwa ayinxalenye yenkqubo yase-U.S. Isitshixo kukulawula ukukhuhleka ngendlela eyakhayo, ngokunxibelelana, imigaqo ecacileyo esemthethweni, kunye nokuzibophelela kwimilinganiselo yesizwe kunye nokusabela kwasekuhlaleni.

Isiphelo

Ulwalamano phakathi kwegunya likarhulumente nelorhulumente lungaphezulu kunengcamango yengcamango; yinto yokwenene yemihla ngemihla echaza indlela amaMelika alawulwa ngayo. Njengoko eli nqaku libonisile, amandla angenanayo akhona phantse kuyo yonke imimandla emikhulu yezomgaqo-nkqubo ``emfundo, ulawulo lwempilo, ukusingqongileyo, ulwaphulo-mthetho, ulawulo lwengozi, ulawulo lwemfama, unyuso, kunye nezibonelelo. Indawo nganye iveza uxanduva olukhethekileyo kunye namathuba, abonisa ukuntsonkotha okungapheliyo kwenkqele yomthetho wesizwe. Abafundisi, abafundi, kunye nabemi bangenelwayo ngokuvavanya le mizekelo yokwenene yehlabathi, ngenxa yokuba ayityhili kuphela imilinganiselo yolawulo kodwa nemilinganiselo ehlala isesiphakathweni: umanyano, ukwahlukahlukana, nokuphendula. Ukuqonda amagosa athelelanayo athelelanayo amagosa athe athe athe athe athe athe athe athe athe athe athe aphembele kwimpembelelo kumazwe .

[[UMTL] Izibonelelo zofundo oluthe lwaphela:[[UMTL]