Inzuzo yase-Ireland igcina isibopho esingcwele kubenzi besipho. Ngazo zonke izikhathi lapho othile enza isipho, bahlanganyela imininingwane yomuntu siqu (igama, ikheli, ulwazi lwezimali, mhlawumbe ngisho nemininingwane yezindaba embula ukungenwa kobungozi. Ukuvikela ukuthi ukwaziswa akuyona nje i-partial esemthethweni; kuyisitshebe sokuthemba komnikeli. E-Ireland, izigxobo ziphakeme. I-General Data Protection Regculation (GR) ifaka ezinye zezindinganiso eziqinile zasese emhlabeni, futhi ukuphatha okungabalulekile kungaphansi kwemithetho yayo. Ukuphatha kabi ukwaziswa kungaholela ekuhlahleni okunzima, ukulimala kwedumela, ukulahlekelwa nokusekelwa. Lesi sihloko siveza ngaphandle komgwaqo okwenziweyo (G."General Data Regial Regation Regation) ukuze kuvingle izibo ezingokomthetho, inqubo esemthethweni, nokulungisa, ukuvumelana kwemicimbi.

Izindawo Ezisemthethweni: I - GDPR Ne - Irish Data Providence Law

Ukuqonda uhlelo lwemithetho kuyisiqalisi sanoma yiliphi isu lolwazi elingokomthetho. Izinzuzo zase-Ireland kumelwe zivumelane nezisetshenziswa ezimbili eziyinhloko: GDPR (Umthetho (U-EU) 2016/679) ne[[FLT]] Isivikeli soMthetho weDATA 2018 [[FLT]] [3], ogcwalisa ngamagama athile esizwe. I-DATA] I-AMATILETY (DPC)[FLTY:] iyigunya elizimeleyo eIreland, futhi igcizelela lemithetho enqamleza yonke imiphakathi, kuhlanganise nezinhlangano.

Izimiso Eziyinhloko Ze - GDPR Zemininingwane Yomsebenzi

I - GDPR yakhiwe ngezimiso eziyisikhombisa ezihlela ngokuqondile indlela izinto ezingazuzisi okufanele ziphathe ngayo ukwaziswa okunikezwa umnikelo:

  • Ukwetha, okulungile, kanye nokubona ngapha nangapha — Kumelwe ube nesisekelo esingokomthetho esiqinile (ngokuvamile imvume noma isithakazelo esingokomthetho) futhi uchaze ngokucacile ukuthi ukwaziswa kusetshenziswa kanjani.
  • Umlinganiselo [ [] — qoqa ukwaziswa kuphela ngenxa yezinjongo ezicacisiwe, ezicacile, nezingokomthetho (umz., uhambisa umnikelo nokuthumela irisithi).
  • Isilinganiso esincane - qoqa kuphela okudingeka kakhulu. Buza: Ingabe siyaludinga ngempela usuku lokuzalwa komnini mnikelo ngesipho esisodwa esingasekho?
  • Accurity — Gcina umnini mnikelo ebhalile kuze kube manje futhi ulungise ngokushesha uma ucela.
  • Ukulinganisela [ — i-Retain ayiseyona imfuneko. Chaza uhlelo lokugcina amarekhodi omnikelo, ama-international akhethayo, njll.
  • Ukungangeni kanye nokufihla (ukungalondeki) — Sebenzisa izinyathelo ezifanele zobuchwepheshe nezobungani ukuze uvikele ukwaziswa ekufinyeleleni, ekulahlekelweni, noma ekulimaleni.
  • ukuboleka [ — Ungakwazi ukubonisa ukuvumelana nazo zonke izimiso, kuhlanganise nezinqubo, amarekhodi, nokuqeqeshwa kwabaphathi.

Ukucatshangelwa Okukhethekile Ngaphansi Komthetho Wase - Ireland

I-Diam Protection Act 2018 inikeza eminye imithetho esebenzayo engayisebenzisi inzuzo. Ngokwesibonelo, ibeka iminyaka yemvume yokuthola inzuzo engokwezibalo esukela ku-16 (i-GDPR yayaphansi ka-16 kodwa yavunyelwa ukuba ibe yi-16; i-Ireland yakhetha 16). Uma inzuzo yakho engakhi isebenza nabaphi bentsha noma izisebenzi zokuzithandela ezingaphansi kweminyaka engu-16, udinga imvume eqinile yabazali noma yabagcinileyo. I-DPC ibuye inikeze amandla aqinile okuqinisekisa, kuhlanganise nekhono lokukhipha imali engcono kuze kube yisigidi 20 noma 4% yokuguqula imbulunga yonke. Nakuba izinhlangano eziningi zisebenza ngezimali eziqinile, ngisho nenhlawulo encane kakhulu. Ngalé kwemali elungile, i-DPC ingasola, ikhiphe ukuvinjelwa kwesikhashana noma ukuvinjelwa okuhlala njalo, futhi ihlele imininingwane ukuba isuswe.

Okwenza Imininingwane Ivikele Izindaba Ezingazuzisi: Ukwethembana, Ukudunyiswa, Nengozi

Abanikazi banikela ngoba bekholelwa ekuthunyweni kwakho. Ukugqekeza kwemininingwane yabo kuveza leyo nkolelo, ngokuvamile engalungiseki. Ngokokucwaninga NOTHILE nezinye izinja eziphanayo, ukwethemba kuyisici esisodwa esikhulu ekuzigcineni komnikezi. Uma abaxhasi bekhathazekile ngokwaziswa kwabo kungalondekile, bangayeka ukunikeza / noma okubi kakhulu, bangakhuluma obala ngokumelene nenhlangano yakho.

Ama-Ireland angenanzuzo abhekene nokuhlola okuvela kuCharities Regural, okulindele ukubusa okufanele. Ukuqhekeka kokwaziswa kungabangela uphenyo hhayi nge-DPC kuphela kodwa futhi nomphathi we-apper, kulimaza isimo sokubhalisa sothando lwe-okthoba nokwethemba komphakathi. Engxenyeni eyakhelwe ekuthandeni, ukusingatha ukwaziswa akuyona into engenziwa ngokuzikhethela; kusemkhakheni oyinhloko we-ocestratective.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindleko zegebe zidlulela ngalé kwenkokhelo. Kungase kudingeke ukuba wazise abantu abathintekile, ufake imali ezinkonzweni zokuhlola izikweletu, uqashe ochwepheshe bezobuchwepheshe, futhi uchithe amahora elawula ubudlelwane nomphakathi.

Izindlela Ezingcono Kakhulu Zokulondoloza Imininingwane Yemali

Ukuhumusha izibopho ezingokomthetho nsuku zonke kudinga izenzo eziqinisekile. Ngezansi kunemikhuba ebaluleke kakhulu, ngayinye eyandisiwe enesiqondiso esiwusizo semisebenzi engakhiliziwe yase - Ireland.

Linganisa ukuqoqwa kwemininingwane ukuze uthole okuncane okudingekayo

I-data incishisiwe ngenye yezimiso ezilula kakhulu kodwa ezinganakwa kakhulu. Ngaphambi kokuba uhlanganise insimu efomini yakho yomnikelo, buza: Ingabe siyidinga ngempela lento ukuze silungise isipho futhi silondoloze ubuhlobo obukhona? Ngokwesibonelo, awudingi umsebenzi womniniyo noma iholo laminyaka yonke ukuze uthumele irisithi.

  • Igama nemininingwane yokuxhumana (i-imeyili, ucingo, ikheli leposi uma kudingekile).
  • Ukwaziswa okubhakiwe (okufezwe ngesango lesango lePCIשcompliant; ungagcini izinombolo zamakhadi agcwele).
  • Imali yesipho nesikhathi sokufika kwayo.
  • Noma iziphi izinto ezidingekayo zokukhulumisana (isib., okhetha izihloko ezibhalwe phansi).

Uma ufuna ukusebenzisa ukwaziswa kamuva ekuhlolweni kwengcebo, kumelwe ube nemvume ecacile futhi unikeze isiqinisekiso esicacile. Gwema isilingo sokuqongelela ukwaziswa “uma kunjalo.” Ukungatholi ukwaziswa okusho ingozi enciphile.

Ukugcinwa Kokwaziswa Nokudluliswa Kokwaziswa Okulondekile

Lapho imniningo ihlala khona izindaba. Sebenzisa idata efihliwe egcinwe kubasebenzisi abalondekile, ngokufanele ngaphakathi kwe-European Economic Are (EA) ukwenza lula ukuvumelana kwe-cross à org confict. Uma usebenzisa amakhambi amafu (umz., i-Mailchimp, noma i-CRM), qinisekisa ukuthi umnikezi we-GDRROP.

Ukubhala okuyimfihlo kufanele kuhlanganise izigaba ezimbili:

  • Data ekuphumula[ — imniningo egcinwe kwimitapo yezincwadi, isisekelo, namafayela agciniwe.
  • DATA ekuthuthweni — ulwazi olunyakaza phakathi kwemishini enikezelayo, iwebhusayithi yakho, kanye nezinqubo zangaphakathi. Ngaso sonke isikhathi sebenzisa i-HTTPS (SL/TLS) kanye nokudluliswa kwe-imeyili okungafihliwe noma amafayela alondekile ezincwadi ezizwelayo.

Cabangela amasu okuhlola angekhona uma kudingeka uhlaziye ukwaziswa ukuze kubikwe. Ngokwesibonelo, ungafaka ama-ID akhethekile kukwaziswa okuqoshwayo ukuze ukuqonda kungadaluli ubukhona be-CVS.

3. Izimiso Eziqinile Zokuthola Imali

Akuwona wonke umuntu kulenhlangano odinga ukubona amarekhodi aphelele anikezelwe. Sebenzisa indima [1] ukulawula ukungena (RBAC) ukunikeza imvume kumalungu ezisebenzi ezimisebenzi yazo idinga yona. Ngokwesibonelo:

  • [ Iqembu elilungisayo[ — kungadingeka ubheke imininingwane yokuxhumana nomnikelo womlando ukuze kuhlakulelwe ubuhlobo.
  • [[Iqembu:0] I-pinence [ — ingadinga izilinganiso zesipho nezinsuku, kodwa hhayi imininingwane yokuxhumana komuntu siqu.
  • [[UMTL:0] Iqembu lokuphawula [ — lingadinga amakheli e-imeyili emikhankasweni kodwa hhayi ikheli eligcwele noma inombolo yocingo lomnini-bizo.

Sebenzisa i-password enamandla, ukuqinisekisa okuningi (MFA), bese ufaka konke ukufinyelela kumarekhodi azwelayo. Imvume yokubukeza njalo, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokuhamba kwezisebenzi noma ukushintsha kwendima. Isisebenzi esisalokhu singanelisekile esikwazi ukufinyelela kuleyo misebenzi siyingozi enkulu.

4. Ukuqeqesha Nokuqaphela Izisebenzi Ezisebenza Njalo

I-vestile ekuqeqesheni ukwaziswa kwaminyaka yonke kwabo bonke izisebenzi zokuzithandela abasingatha ukwaziswa okunikelwe.

  • Indlela yokubona imizamo yokufaka i - phishing (izindawo zokungena ezivamile ze - sihlenga).
  • Ukuphatha ngokuphepha uhlu lomnikelo onyathelisiwe (ungalokothi uwushiye emadeskini noma ezikhaleni zomphakathi).
  • Isu lokubika ukwaziswa okusolwayo okuphukile (ngaso leso sikhathi, hhayi “lapho ubuyela ehhovisi”.
  • Ukubaluleka kokucubungula komniningo kanye nezingozi zo “kuthunyelwa kwe-imeyili esheshayo” nabamukeli abaningi ensimini yoKu (sebenzisa amathuluzi e-imeyili efihlwayo noma engamini).

Amalungu ebhodi lesitimela nawo aqondisa afinyelela ekuvikelweni kokwaziswa, futhi amalungu ebhodi kufanele aqonde imithwalo yawo yemfanelo.

5. Gcina Imininingwane Inembile Futhi Ihlanzekile Njalo

Ukubola kokwaziswa okugciniwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abantu bayanyakaza, bashintshe amakheli e-imeyili, noma badlule. Sheshela ukuhlola kokwaziswa okuvamile (umzk., ngokwengxenye noma ngokulandelana) ukuze baphawule isikhathi esedlulele, okunganembile, noma amarekhodi aphindaphindwayo. Sebenzisa amathuluzi okuhlanza noma izinkonzo zokulungisa amakheli nokususa okuphindaphindeka. Ukugcina ukunemba akugcini nje ukunciphisa izingozi ezigciniwe kodwa futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukuxhumana kwakho kufinyelela kubantu abalungile(ukudedada ukudumaza ngokuthumela isicelo somnikelo kothile ofileyo.)

6. Yakha Ukuphatha Kwabathengisi Neyesithathu 76

Abangazuzi nzuzo bavame ukuthembela kubadayisi bangaphandle ukuze bakhokhele ukukhokhela, ukuthengisa i-imeyili, ukuthungatha izimpahla, noma ukudayisa. Ingxenye ngayinye yesithathu iba i-projekthi yokwaziswa, futhi i-GDPR ifuna ukuba ube nesivumelwano esibhaliwe nabo esichaza imithwalo yabo yemfanelo. Ngaphambi kokuba wenze noma isiphi isicelo:

  • Umfutho wephepha lokuphepha lomthengisi (isib., ISO 27001, SOC 2).
  • Hlola ukwaziswa kwabo okuvumelanayo (DPA) futhi uqinisekise ukuthi kuvumelana nezindinganiso zaseIreland.
  • Thola ukuthi umniningwane uzogcinwaphi. Uma umthengisi edlulisa ukwaziswa ngaphandle kwe-EEA, kumelwe kube nenqubo yokudlulisa eyanele (isizk., UKûtotóEEU adequaiphering bemishini yeUKûa, noma u-Multractive Clauss wabanye).

Ungathatheli ithuluzi elaziwayo ngokuzenzekelayo lilalela. Ngokwesibonelo, amaplatifomu athile e-USSTÍ asekelwe e-CRM anganikeza izinga elifanayo lokuvikela ukwaziswa elifunwa umthetho we-EU ngaphandle kokuba usayine DPA ehlonipha i-GDPR. Bukeza njalo uhlu lwakho lomthengisi futhi ususe noma iliphi elingahlangabezana nezimfuneko zakho.

7 Yenza Icebo Lokwaziswa Lokusabela

Ngisho noma kunezinga eliqinile, ama-frops angavela − i-laptop elahlekile, i-email efinyayo ephumayo, iphutha elingaphakathi. Impendulo elungiselelweyo inganciphisa umonakalo futhi ibonise ukulandisa. Icebo lakho kufanele lihlanganise:

  • iqukethe izinyathelo[ -umx. umz., ukunqanyulwa kohlelo oluthintekile, ukushintsha umngenisi-bizo, ukugcina izingodo.
  • [[[FT:0] Isaziso se-Internal — uchungechunge olucacile lomyalo: ubani odinga ukwazi? (Isikhulu sesivikelo se Data, CEO, ibhodi.)
  • Ukuhlola [ — yikuphi ukwaziswa okuthintekile? Bangaki abanikeleyo? Ingozi iphakeme?
  • Isaziso se- - i-GDPR ifuna ukuba wazise i-DPC phakathi namahora angu-72 ukuba wazi ukuthi igebe lizoqhekeka, ngaphandle kokuba kungavele kuphumele engozini kubantu ngabanye. Ungadinga futhi ukutshela abanikelele abathintekile uma ukuphuka kuveza ingozi enkulu (umz., imininingwane yemali ihlevane).
  • [ Izikhomo ze-communiciation [ — izinkulumo ezihlelwe kusengaphambili zabanikeli, iziphathi, kanye nomphakathi (okulungele ukuhlelwa).
  • Ukubukeza iposi `FTP(FL:1] [[FT]]] — lungisa imbangela eyisisekelo, izinqubo zokulungisa, nezisebenzi zokuziqeqesha.

Icebo lokuhlala eshalofini alilona icebo; kuyisifiso.

Ukwakha Isimiso Sokuvikela Imininingwane

Ukuqapha akuyona nje indaba yamabhokisi akhanyayo. I-DPC ilindele ukuba izinhlangano zifake isivikelo semininingwane enkabeni yazo. Lokhu kusho ukubopha: ibhodi ne-CEO kumelwe balwele imisebenzi yogcino-lwazi enomthwalo wemfanelo, hhayi nje ukuyisa kumphathi we-IT. Ukumisa i-Tech Protection Gofer (DPO) uma kudingeka."$GDPR igunyaze izinhlangano ezihlela izilinganiso ezinkulu zemininingwane ekhethekile yeqembu (njengemininingwane yempilo noma imibono yezombangazwe). Ngisho noma kungadingenzeki, ukuba nesikhulu sezemfihlo esizinikezele sithathe izimpawu zokungathi sína komnikezi neziphathi.

Yenza izimiso zangaphakathi ezifinyelelekayo neziqondakalayo: isimiso sokuvikela ulwazi, isimiso sokugcina ukwaziswa, isaziso sokufihla imininingwane, (okumelwe sinikezwe abanikele ngenkathi yokwaziswa okuqoqiwe), nenqubo yokuphendula eyenzekayo. Bukeza lezimiso minyaka yonke nangemva kwanoma iluphi ushintsho olukhulu lomsebenzi. Okokugcina, gcina amarekhodi emisebenzi yokulungisa (ROPA) njengoba kufunwa yiSiphakamiso 30 se-GDPR. I-ROPA amaphepha okuthiwa imininingwane yomuntu siqu, kungani uyibamba, uvelaphi, futhi uhlanganyela kuphi. Incwadi yokuqala i-DPC izobuza kuphiconga.

Ukubona Imali Ngokugqamile Nokuwahlonipha Amalungelo Abanikazi

Abanikazi bamalungelo anamandla ngaphansi kwe - GDPR, futhi ukubahlonipha kwakha ukwethembana. Isaziso sakho sokuba wedwa kumelwe sichaze ngokucacile ukuthi lamalungelo angasetshenziswa kanjani:

  • [ kufanelwe utshelwe [ — seyanelisekile kakade ngesaziso sakho sobumfihlo.
  • Akwesokudla sokufinyelela [ — abanikeli bangacela ikhophi yemininingwane yabo phakathi nenyanga eyodwa (ngaphandle kokukhokha).
  • [[Umthetho:0] ukubuyisela [[[Umthetho:1] — ukwaziswa okuyiphutha.
  • ekugcineni i-' [“kwesokudla sokulibaleka”] — abanikeli bangacela ukucishwa kwemininingwane yabo, ngaphansi kwento ethile ehlukile (umz., isibopho esingokomthetho sokuyigcina).
  • ekusikeni kwenqubo — abanikeli bangalinganisela indlela osebenzisa ngayo ukwaziswa kwakho lapho ingxabano ixazululiwe.
  • ekuqondeni kolwazi — bangathola imniningo yabo efomethini lohlelo lomshini [1]
  • ngakwesokudla ukulahla — abanikeli bangaphika ukulungiselela ukukhangisa okuqondile (kumelwe ume ngokushesha) noma ukukhipha i-profilm.

Thuthukisa izisebenzi ezingaphambili ezingase zithole izicelo zomlomo (isib., ngesikhathi sesenzakalo) ukuze zikhulele eDPO noma ekuthintaneni okukhethiwe.

Isiphetho: Ukuvikelwa Kwemininingwane Njengobuhlobo Obunengxenye Ephambili

Ukuvikela ukwaziswa okunikezwayo ngokunakekela akuyona nje inzuzo ephambili, kodwa kungcono. Abanikazi abathemba ukuthi ukwaziswa kwabo kuphephile kungenzeka banikeze ngokuphindaphindiwe, bahlanganyele izisusa zabo, futhi bandise ukusekela kwabo. Inzuzo yase-Ireland engasebenzi endaweni eqinile kodwa ehlelekile. Ngokuqonda i-GDPR nomthetho wase-Ireland, ukusebenzisa izivikelo ezisebenzayo, ukuthuthukisa isiko lomuntu oyimfihlo, kanye nelungelo lokunikela, ungaguqula ukwaziswa kube insika yokwethembeka. Qala namuhla: Bukeza amafomu akho okuqoqa ukwaziswa, vuselela ukuqeqeshwa kwakho, futhi uqinisekise ukuqhekeka kwakho. Ngokwenza kanjalo, udumisa abanikelele imali yakho kuwe futhi uvikele nempahla yakho ekwenziweni.