Inselele Ekhulayo Yokuphathwa Kwamanzi Emadolobheni E - UK

Ukulawulwa kwamanzi edolobheni nokuvinjelwa kwesikhukhula kuye kwaba yizinselele eziphawulekayo emadolobheni ase-UK ekhulwini lama-21. Izwe liye labona ukwanda okuphawulekayo kwezenzakalo zemvula enkulu, nehhovisi leMet libika ukuthi izinsuku ezingaphezulu ze-UK kusukela ngo-1891 zonke zenzeke kusukela ngo-1991. Lokhu kuthambekela, okubangelwa ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ukubangela ukucindezela okukhulu kwezimiso zokukhipha amanzi angena emanzini, izakhiwo zamadolobha, nezakhamuzi ezihlala ezindaweni ezikhuphukayo ezikhuphukayo. Imithetho ye-Mayoral iye yavela njengethuluzi elibucayi lokulungisa, ukusabela, nokunciphisa lemiphumela ehlobene nalemithetho ehlelayo. Ukuqonda imiphumela eqondile yalemithetho kubalulekile ekuhloleni ukusebenza nokuthola izakhiwo ezisemadolobheni.

Indima yabaphathi bamameya abakhethwe ngokuqondile e-UK iye yanda kakhulu kusukela ngokhetho lokuqala lwemeya ngo 2000. Namuhla, amameya ezindaweni ezihlanganisa iGreater Manchester, iNtshona Ntshona Ntshona ye-Midwands, iWest Yorkshire, neLondon anamandla abalulekile okulawula izinto zokuhamba, izindlu, ukuhlela, kanye necebo lendawo ezungezile. La mandla ahlanganisa ngokuqondile nezinqumo zokulawula amanzi, kusukela ekuvumeleni izimiso ezintsha zokukhipha amanzi ezisezingeni elisha ukuze asekele ukuxhaswa kwezentenganiso yesikhukhula. Ukuphumelela komphathi wesifunda kulendawo kungasho umehluko phakathi kwedolobha elizivumelanisayo nelo eliphindaphindwayo, umonakalo obizayo.

Indima Yezigebengu Ekuqondiseni Amanzi Emadolobheni

Ama-mayres ase-UK asendaweni ekhethekile engqungqutheleni kahulumeni wendawo, ukuhlelwa kwezindawo, nenkambiso yezwe. Izinqumo zawo zithonya konke ukuphila kwesimiso sokuphatha amanzi emadolobheni, kusukela ekufakeni izakhiwo zezezimali nasemaqhingeni okusabela okuphuthuma kuya ekuhleleni isimo sezulu eside. Izimiso zemeya eziphumelelayo zinganciphisa izingozi zezikhukhula, zithuthukise izinga lamanzi, futhi zithuthukise ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi kuzo zonke izindawo zedolobha. Nokho, izinga lethonya liyahluka ngokwesifunda, kuye ngemithombo ethile encikelwe kumphathi wedolobha ngamunye nemithombo ekhona.

Imithwalo Yemfanelo Namandla Ayinhloko Ama - mayar

Imithwalo yemfanelo eqondile yemeya iyahlukahluka kuye ngesivumelwano sokuziphendukela kwemvelo esikhona nohulumeni ophethe, kodwa izingxenye eziningana ezivamile zegunya zithinta ngokuqondile ukulawulwa kwamanzi:

  • Ukuhlela nokulawula ukukhula: ngokuvamile ababhongi banamandla okubumba amasu ezindawo, anquma ukuthi kwakhiwa kuphi izindlu ezintsha nezakhiwo ezisemqoka. Lokhu kuhlanganisa nokufuna izimiso zokukhipha amanzi (i-SuDS) eziqinile ukuze kuncishiswe amanzi agelezayo.
  • I-transport nesisekelo sesisekelo: Imeya eziningi zilawula izimali zezokuthutha ezihlangene, ezihlanganisa ukuxhasa imali yokuthuthukisa ukuphazanyiswa kwemigwaqo, izitimela, nezindawo zokuthutha umphakathi. Ukungangeni kahle kungaphazamisa imishini yezokuthutha phakathi nemvula enkulu.
  • [ Isu lobunkimbinkimbi: Abameli bemeya baningana baye bashicilela amasu ahlanganisa izisulu ezithile zezakhiwo eziluhlaza, izikhukhula, kanye nezinga lamanzi. La mapulani aqondisa ukutshala imali kanye nezinqumo zokuqondisa indawo yonke.
  • [ Ukuhlela nokubambisana: ama-maya anendima eyinhloko ekuqondiseni iziphetho eziphuthumayo phakathi nezenzakalo zezembubhiso, ukusebenza ne-Evironment Agency, imikhandlu yendawo, nezinkonzo eziphuthumayo zokuvikela imiphakathi nokulawula ukuthutha.
  • [ Inkokhelo ehlanganisayo: Abathathi-mali banethonya endleleni imali kahulumeni ephakathi yokuvikela izikhukhula esetshenziswa ngayo ezindaweni zabo, futhi bangaphakamisa izimali zendawo ngezindlela ezinjenge-meyarial commission commeo ukuze bafake imali ezindinganisweni ezengeziwe zokuzimela.

Indlela Igunya Le - mayoral Elihlangana Ngayo Nezimo Zesizwe

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi amameya awazihlukanisi. I-Evironment inomthwalo wemfanelo oyinhloko wokuzivikela komfula onamandla kanye nokulawula izikhukhula eziyingozi eNgilandi. Izinkampani zamanzi zisebenzisa izimiso zokukhipha amanzi nezimiso zokuchitha indle. Imikhandlu yendawo isingatha izinhlelo ezihlelwa endaweni yendawo. AmaMaystera kumelwe asebenzise le ndawo eyinkimbinkimbi, esebenzisa amandla awo ahlangene kanye negunya lokuxhumana phakathi kwabafaki zindawo eziningi. Izimiso ze-meya eziphumelela kakhulu yilezo ezihlanganisa kahle izintambo eziphambili zalayisenisi abasemadolobheni.

Ukuhlola Izenzakalo: Ukuvinjelwa KweMayoral-Leled Zamcolo Endleleni

Ukuhlola amadolobha athile kwembula indlela izimiso zemeya ezishintsha ngayo imiphumela engokoqobo ukuze kuvinjelwe amanzi nokuvinjelwa kwezikhukhula.

ILondon: IBarrier YaseThames Nangalé Kwayo

I-London izuze ekufakeni izimali ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuvikela i-UK, eziningi zazo eziye zaqhutshwa ngezobuholi bedolobha. I-Thames Barrier, eyaqedwa ngo-1984, ivikela abantu abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingu-1,4 nemali eyizigidi ezingu-321 yempahla ebangelwa ukugadla kwamagagasi. Nokho, i-Greater London Authority, ngaphansi kwezikhulu ezilandelanayo zomphathi we-meya, iye yaqaphela ukuthi isithiyo sodwa asinele ukukwazi ukumelana nedolobha. I-Thames Equary 2100 Plan, eyaqala ukukhishwa ngo-20120,000 futhi yahlelwa njalo, ibeka icebo elibanzi lokulawula izingozi zemvula kuze kudlule ekupheleni kwekhulu leminyaka. USikhulu uSadi Khyerka , uyenze wavuma ukugcwalisa lesi cebo esishalo phakathi kwe-Estmarkerkerket, iqinisekisa ukuthi intuthuko esisezingeni esiphezulu se-Estmakethe andeesake ikla.

Ngaphandle kokuzivikela kolwandle olunamanzi, imeya yaseLondon iye yaphakamisa izakhiwo eziluhlaza njengethuluzi lokulawula izikhukhula zamanzi angaphezulu. I-London Sustaratable Drainage Action Plan, eyamiswa ngo-2016, iveza umbono wokwenza i-London idolobha elikulungele ukuna i-SuDS ngo-2040. Lokhu kuhlanganisa uphahla oluluhlaza, izinga lemvula, nemigwaqo ekwaziyo ukuthutha imfucumfucu ezindaweni zomphakathi futhi ifuna amanzi anciphe kakhulu emikhisweni emisha. Lokhu kunciphisa umfutho wesimiso sendle, ngokuvamile owehlelayo phakathi kwemvula enkulu, okuholela ezithwalweni zokungcola eMfuleni iThames. Isibopho someyala wezakhiwo zokulungisa izakhiwo zemvelo siye saletha futhi izakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe zomoya, ukushisa kweziqhingi zasemadolobheni, nokukhuliswa kwemizwa kwezindawo.

IGreater Manchester: Ukubuyela Kwesifunda Okungahlangani

IManchester enkulu inikeza isibonelo esishukumisayo sendlela abaqondisi bemeya bemeya abangaqhuba ngayo ngokubambisana phakathi kwezikhulu eziningi zendawo. UMayay Burnham uye wenza ukukwazi ukuvuselela isimo sezulu kube yindawo yokuqala ephambili kubaphathi be-ofisi yakhe kusukela ngo-2017. I-Greater Climate Change Channevaneship, izihlalo zemeya, ihlanganise imikhandlu yendawo, amabhizinisi, namaqembu emvelo ukuze athuthukise icebo lendawo ezungezile yedolobha elineminyaka emihlanu. Lelicebo lihlanganisa izisulu eziqondile zokwandisa indawo eluhlaza, ukunciphisa izingozi zemvula, futhi lithuthukise izinga lamanzi phakathi kwezindawo eziyishumi ezihlanganisa idolobha.

Isihluthulelo sokuphumelela kobuholi bukaBurnham ukuthuthukisa amakhambi asekelwe emvelweni okulawula izikhukhula. Idolobha leMithi, uhlelo oluxhaswe ngegunya elihlangene nomphathi wedolobha, liye latshala izihlahla ezingaphezu kwezigidi ezimbili kusukela ngo-2017, eziningi ezindaweni ezisezansi lapho zisiza khona ekuthonyeni imvula namanzi aphansi agelezayo. Umphathi wedolobha uye wasekela futhi ukwanda kwezindlela zokulawula izikhukhula zemvelo, kuhlanganise nokubuyiselwa kwezinja zamabhubesi emagqumeni asePenniine kanye nokudalwa kwemfulala ezindaweni ezigudluzayo ngaseMfuleni i-Irwellwell. Lezi zivimbela ekunciphiseni ingozi yokunamba kwamanzi ephakathi eManchestery lapho kunikezwa izinzuzo zemvelo nezindawo zokuzithokothoko.

Ihhovisi lomphathi-dolobha liye lafeza indima ebalulekile ekulondolozeni intuthuko yezezimali zokuvikela izikhukhula. Ngo-2020, i-Great Manchester Exvened Authority ngokuphumelelayo i- $45 yizigidi ukusuka kwi-Merce Defence Grant ye-Endal in Aid ukuze ithuthukise isivikelo ngaseMersey nasezindaweni zayo zokuhlangana. Lemali yasekelwa ngeminikelo yendawo evela kumphathi wesifunda, ivumela idolobha-region ukuba liqhube phambili ekudluliseni imisebenzi ehamba phambili ngeminyaka eminingana. Indlela ehlangene yokusekela nokuhambisa izimali nokukhipha imiqulu, ukusondela komkhandlu-coni ethandwayo ngaphambi kwe-devolution.

Izinti: Isu Le - leeds Seammedia

Leeds unikeza ucwaningo lwezendaba ngendlela ukuhola kwemeya okungaqhuba ngayo imisebenzi yezesisekelo eshintshayo. ILeeds Flood Alleviation Scheme, eyaqedwa ngo-2020, ingenye yemisebenzi yezokuvikela izikhukhula ezinkulu nezisunguliwe kakhulu e-UK. Lo msebenzi, owanikezwa iLeeds City Council ngokubambisana ne-Evironment Agency futhi waxhaswa ngokwengxenye ngengxenye ngeWest Yorkshired Authority, yahlanganisa ukwakha uchungechunge lwezintibane ezinyakazayo, izindonga, nezigodlo ezimbo ezimbozayo, kanye nezigobozo ezintsha kakhulu eMfuleni iAire phakathi kwedolobha.

Indima yeWest Yorkshire Mayor, uTracy Brabin, iye yasetshenziswa ekulondolozeni ingxenye yesibili yalelicebo, endisa izivikelo zokuvikela iqhubekela phezulu futhi ihlanganise nezinyathelo zokulawula izikhukhula ezingokwemvelo. Ihhovisi lemeya liye lahlela lelicebo njengendawo ephambili yezezomnotho, liqaphela ukuthi isivikelo sikazamcolo sibalulekile ukuze kukhangelwe ukutshala nokusekela ukukhula eLeeds phakathi kwedolobha. Isigaba sesibili sihlanganisa ukudalwa kwezindawo zokugcina izikhukhula, lapho amanzi amaningi ekwazi ukugcinwa khona phakathi nemvula enkulu, futhi ukubuyiselwa komfula ukuze kunciphise ukugeleza kwamanzi. Lezi zinqubo ziklanyelwe ukubhekana nemiqulu yemvula ekhulayo ebikezelwa ngaphansi kokushintsha isimo sezulu.

Ngaphandle kwesisekelo sesivikelo, uMayor Brabin uye wasebenzisa amandla akhe okuhlela alungele ukuqinisekisa ukuthi intuthuko entsha ezindaweni ezinezikhukhula ihlanganisa izinyathelo ezifanele zokukhipha amanzi nokuzivuselela. I-West Yorkshire Spatial Development Strategy, enomthwalo wemfanelo wokuyiveza, ihlanganisa izimiso ezicacile ezifuna zonke intuthuko ezintsha ukuze kuphumele amazinga aluhlaza e-amanzi angaphezulu futhi kuhlanganiswe ne-SDS noma nini lapho kunokwenzeka. Lesimiso siqinisekisa ukuthi ukukhula akuzikhuli ingozi emfuleni futhi imiphakathi emisha iklanyelwe ukumelana nokuvusenda kusukela ekuqaleni.

Izinyathelo Eziphumelelayo: Lokho Okusebenza Ekuvimbeleni Ikhukhula Edolobheni

Isebenzisa okuhlangenwe nakho kwamadolobha ase-UK, izindlela eziningana ziye zaphumelela ekunciphiseni izingozi zezikhukhula nasekuthuthukiseni imiphumela yokulawula amanzi. La masu ahlanganisa izici ezivamile ezihlanganisa ukugxila kumakhambi asekelwe emvelweni, ukuthembisana komphakathi, nokuhlela isikhathi eside.

Izakhiwo Eziluhlaza Nezixazululo Ezisekelwe Emvelweni

Enye yezinguquko eziphawulekayo ekuqondiseni amanzi asemadolobheni eminyakeni yamuva kuye kwaba ukushintshela ezinjukwini eziluhlaza njengengxenye yesizinda esivamile sezemvelo. Uphahla oluluhlaza, izingadi zemvula, ama-spale, imigwaqo ehambayo, kanye nokwakha izindawo ezibandayo zonke ezibamba futhi zilawule imvula lapho zivela, ukunciphisa umthamo nesilinganiso sokuphuma kwamanzi angena ezimisweni zokukhipha amanzi. Ukucwaninga eYunivesithi yaseManchester kubonise ukuthi ukwamukela izakhiwo eziluhlaza kunganciphisa ingozi yamanzi angaphezulu ngesilinganiso esingu-50% ekudobeni kwasemadolobheni, kuyilapho futhi kuletha izinzuzo zezinga eliphezulu, izinhlobonhlobo zezitshalo, izinhlobonhlobo zemvelo, kanye nempilo.

Izimiso ze-Mayoral bezilokhu zibalulekile ekusheshiseni ukwenziwa kwezakhiwo eziluhlaza. I-Drainage Action Plan yase-London, i-Greater Green Infragrade, ne-West Yorkshire Natural Marduction Program konke kubonisa ukuhola kwe-meya kulendawo. Lezimiso zinikeza isiqondiso kubathuthukisi, ukuxhasa ukuxhasa ngezimali ukuze indawo ekhona igcwale indawo eluhlaza. Izimiso ezingcono kakhulu zihlanganisa izimfuneko zokuhlela ngezisusa zemali, njengokuncishiswa kwezindawo zamanzi ezifaka i-SuDS.

Izimiso Zesixwayiso Zesikhukhula Nokuhlala Ngomphakathi

Izimiso zesixwayiso zezemfucumfucu zokuzivikela komzimba zodwa azanenele ukuvikela imiphakathi ezikhukhuleni. Izimiso zesikhukhula ezinikeza izakhamuzi namabhizinisi isikhathi sokulungiselela nokuthutha zibaluleke ngokufanayo. Abagadi baye bafeza indima enkulu ekuthuthukiseni ukuhlanganiswa nokufinyelelwa kwezimiso zesixwayiso zamanzi ezindaweni zabo. I-Greater Manchester Resilience Forum, isihlalo semeya, iletha ndawonye izinkonzo eziphuthumayo, imikhandlu yendawo, ne-Agency yokuhlola izenzakalo zezehlakalo kanye nezimiso zokuhlola inqubo yasikhathi sonke.

Izinhlelo zokuthembisana umphakathi ziye zabonakala ziphumelela kakhulu ekwakheni imishini yokwakha esekela i-Agency ye-Mbial, ehlangene neziphathimandla, isebenza nezindawo zendawo ukuze kusungulwe izinqubo zezembubhiso, ifake isivikelo sempahla, futhi isungule izinhlangano zokuzithandela zabagcini bezikhukhula. Le zinhlelo zinika izakhamuzi amandla okuzimela ezingeni elingcono kuyilapho ziqinisa izibopho zomphakathi ezidingekayo ukuze ziphumelele. Ama-Maystude ahlela umphakathi athola ukuthi kuncishiswa izidingo zezimo eziphuthumayo phakathi nezenzakalo zembubhiso futhi zithuthukisa ukululama kamuva.

Ukuhlela Okuhleliwe Okungokwesikhathi Eside Nokuphathwa Kwayo

Amadolobha aqinile kakhulu yilawo ahlela ukungaqiniseki. Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kubonisa ukuthi izindlela zemvula ziyoqhubeka zishintsha, futhi ulwandle luyoqhubeka lunyuka, kodwa isikhathi esiqondile nobukhulu balezi zinguquko akuqiniseki. Ukuhlela ukushintshashintsha, okwenza amadolobha aklanywe ngezindlela zokulungisa izakhiwo kanye nezinqumo zokutshala imali, kuvumela amadolobha ukuba athathe impumelelo lapho izimo zishintsha. I-Thames Equary 2100 Plan iyisibonelo esiphambili sokulawula igebebengo, kanye nezitebhisi zezindlela ezihlukene zokukhuphuka nokwenyuka kwezinga lokuvikela kolwandle.

Ama-mayres anegunya lokulawula izakhiwo ezivumelanayo ezisezifundeni. Ngokufuna ukuba kuhlolwe izingozi zezentengiselwano ukuze kuhlolwe ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu nangokuvuma kuphela izenzakalo ezibonisa ukukwazi ukumelana nezikhathi ezinde, omeya bangaqinisekisa ukuthi izinqumo ezenziwa namuhla azivali izizukulwane ezilandelayo ezibhekene nezindawo ezizungezile. Lokhu kudinga ukubambisana okuseduze ne-Evironment Agency kanye nezinhlangano zemfundo ezifundisayo ezinikeza isayensi yesimo sezulu esingcono kakhulu. Imibiko ye-UK Climate Change Committee inikeza ubufakazi obubalulekile ngalezi zinqumo.

Izinselele Nezithiyo Ekuqondiseni Amanzi Ngempumelelo

Naphezu kwempumelelo eyafinyelelwa eLondon, eManchester, eLeeds, nakwamanye amadolobha, kusenezinselele ezinkulu.

Ukushintsha Kwesimo Sezulu Nesimo Sezulu Esibi Kakhulu

Inselele eyinhloko ebhekene nabo bonke abaphathi bamanzi basemadolobheni ukukhula kokushintsha kwesimo sezulu. Umbiko wentuthuko ka-2022 we-UK Climate Change Committee wathola ukuthi izwe alizivumelani ngokushesha ngokwanele nezingozi ezibangelwa isimo sezulu esishisayo. Imvula enkulu, eyimbangela eyinhloko yokugcwala kwamanzi emadolobheni, ihloselwe ukuba ibe ngu 20-30% ngaphansi kwesenzakalo esiphakeme. Lokhu kusho ukuthi izimiso zokukhipha amanzi aklanyelwe ukuna kwezindlela zemvula ezingokomlando ziyokwehluleka njalo, ngisho nokukhuphulwa kwamanzi asemadolobheni ukuze ahlale ekhishwe.

Amadolobha asogwini abhekene nosongo olukhuphuka kakhulu lolwandle, olwandisa ingozi yezikhukhula zamanzi neziphepho. IThames Barrier, eklanyelwe ukuvikela kuze kube ngu-2070 ngaphansi kwezimpawu zokuqala, ingadinga ukuthathelwa indawo noma ukwenezelwa ngaphambi kokuba kuhlelwe ukuthi amazinga olwandle anyuke ngokushesha kakhulu kunalokho okwakulindelekile. Amadolobha asogwini nasemadolobheni asogwini kumelwe ahlele le nhlekelele, okudinga izinqumo ezinzima ngokuthi iziphi izindawo zokuvikela futhi iziphi izindlela zokuzivumela ukuba zivumela ukuba zivumelane nokusetshenziswa kwe-iodigracle.

Ukusekela Izinhlangano Nokuqongelela Izinto Eziza Kuqala

Imali yokuxhasa i-Evironment Agency’s Defence Grant eMzamcolo weMzamcolo eNgilandi yabelwa nge-Invironment’s Defence in Aid program, esakaza cishe cishe u-$800 miliyoni ngonyaka emisebenzini ephambili. Lokhu kuxhasa akwanele ukuhlangabezana nesidingo esiphelele, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kwandisa izinga lokutshala imali. I-Hhovisi ye-National Application ilinganisela ukuthi ingqikithi yezindleko zokuvikela izikhukhula ezidingekayo ukuze kulondolozwe amazinga esivikelo aphakeme kakhulu kunemali ekhona. Ngakho ama-Mayster makakhethe iziphi izakhiwo zokuthuthukisa, ngokuvamile asekela lezo ezivikela ingcebo zezomnotho kunezindawo ezincane, ezisengozini kakhulu.

Iziphathimandla ezihlangene zinganezela ekuxhaseni izimali ngesimiso semeya, kodwa isilinganiso esingakhushulwa silinganiselwe ukunyuswa kwentela yezezombangazwe yentela yomkhandlu. Ababoshi bayanqikaza ukwandisa izintela, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinemali ephansi, ezishiya zithembele kuhulumeni ophethe izimali ezinikeza inzuzo nezinqubo zokuncintisana. Lokhu kungaqiniseki kwenza kube nzima ukuhlela izinhlelo zezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi yezemisebenzi emide yesikhashana kanye nokugcina izisebenzi ezingochwepheshe ezidingekayo ukuze kukhishwe izakhiwo zokuzivikela eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Izingcindezi Ezibangelwa Ukuthuthuka Kwasemadolobheni

I-UK ibhekene nokuntuleka okukhulu kwezindlu, njengoba uhulumeni ehlasela ukwakhiwa kwamakhaya amasha angu-300,000 ngonyaka. Okuningi kwalokhu kuthuthuka kugxilwe ezindaweni zasemadolobheni ezikhona, lapho izwe liyindlala khona futhi izindawo eziningi ezikhona ezinsundu zisendaweni ezungeze izikhukhula. Ama-mayres abhekene nokulingana okudingekile ukwakha amakhaya amasha nesidingo sokugwema izingozi ezandayo zikazamcolo. Ukusetshenziswa kwezimiso zokukhipha amanzi angenayo kunganciphisa ithonya lentuthuko entsha, kodwa kuphela uma iklanywe, ifakwe, futhi igcinwe ngokwezinga eliphezulu. Ukucwaninga kweYunivesithi yaseNtshonalanga yeNgilandi kuye kwathola ukuthi ukufakwa kwe-SuDS ezingenisi ezingenisweni ezintsha kugcinwe ngokungafanele noma kuye kwasuswa abanikazi bazo, kunciphisa ukusebenza kwabo.

Ukuhlela izinguquko ezasungulwa uhulumeni omkhulu, kuhlanganise nokwanda kwamalungelo okuthuthukisa avunyelwe avumela ukuguqulwa kwehhovisi kuya kwemvume egcwele, kuye kwanciphisa ikhono lemeya lokuphoqelela izindinganiso zokukhipha amanzi ekwakhiweni okusha. Abaqaphi baye babiza amandla anamandla ukuba afune i-SDS kuzo zonke izenzakalo ezintsha nokuphoqelela izivumelwano zokulungisa ukuphila kwazo. Ngaphandle kwala mandla, umphumela oqhubekayo wokuthuthuka okusha uzoqhubeka ukwandisa amanzi agelezayo nengozi enkulu ezindaweni ezibamba amadolobha.

Ukuhlukana Kwezinhlangano Nokuvumelana

Abaphathi bamanzi e-UK bahlanganisa izinhlangano eziyinkimbinkimbi ezinemithwalo yemfanelo ehlukene futhi ngezinye izikhathi engqubuzanayo. I-Eagency yezemvelo, izinkampani zamanzi, imikhandlu yendawo, iziphathimandla, amabhodi okukhipha amanzi ngaphakathi, ne-Marine Management Organisation zonke zinendima zokudlala. Ukuphumelela ukubambisana okuphumelelayo phakathi kwalezi zindikimba kuyinselele eqhubekayo. Amameya angasebenzisa amandla awo okusebenza ukuze afake iziphakamiso ndawonye, kodwa angenagunya eliqondile phezu kwabadlali abaningi abayinhloko. Ngokwesibonelo, izinkampani zamanzi, zinobuswa futhi zilawulwa yi-Ovewat, okusho ukuthi amameya angakwazi ukuqondisa izinqumo zawo zokutshala imali.

Ukuhlukana komthwalo wemfanelo kuyinkinga ikakhulukazi ekukhukhuleni kwamanzi angaphandle, okuwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwezikhukhula emadolobheni. Imithwalo yemfanelo yokumpompela amanzi ihlukaniswa phakathi kwezinkampani zamanzi, ezinesimiso sesimiso sokukhuculula indle, nemikhandlu yendawo, enomthwalo wokukhipha amanzi emigwaqweni emikhulu. Uma imvula idlula inqubo, ngokuvamile ayitholakali kahle ukuthi yiyiphi inhlangano ephendulayo. IPit Review, eqhutshwa ngemva kwezikhukhula zasehlobo lika-200 eNgilandi, yatusa ukumiswa kwegunya elilodwa lempompoqo ezindaweni zonke ukuze kuhlanganiswe impatho yamanzi. Imeyamu yomphakathi ophethe ifeza lendima ngeziphathimandla zabo ezihlangene, kodwa inselele kakhulu.

Ukutuswa Kokuqinisa Ukuhola Kwe - Mayoral

Njengoba kwakhiwe ubufakazi bokuthi yini esebenzayo nezinselele eziphikelelayo, kungatuswa okuningi ukuze kuqiniswe izimiso zemeya ekuqondiseni amanzi emadolobheni nasekuvimbeleni izikhukhula.

Amandla Aqinisayo Nemithombo Yengcebo Yabavuzi

Uhulumeni ophakathi kufanele ucabangele ukususa amandla amakhulu nemithombo yezimali ukuze i-metro Metro Meyary ikwazi ukuphatha amanzi nokuzinziswa kwesikhukhula. Lokhu kungahlanganisa ukulawula isilinganiso semali egciniwe yeNkathi Ezungezile yokuvikela izikhukhula ezifundeni zabo, ukuvumela omphathi-mamore ukuba bahlele izinhlelo zokutshala imali esikhathini eside. Amameya kufanele futhi anikwe amandla anamandla anamandla okuqinisekisa ukuthi i-SDS ifuna intuthuko entsha nokuqinisekisa ukuthi izivumelwano zokugcinwa ziyahlonishwa esikhathini eside. INhlangano ye-Local Government Association iye yacela ukubukezwa okucubukiswa kwezimali zikahulumeni wendawo ukuze ikwazi ukuvuselela izikhungo zokwakha imfutho zezentengo yezentengo yezentengo yezebhizinisi noma izinhlangano zomphakathi.

Ukuphathwa Kwamanzi Okungahleleki

Ama-may kufanele asebenzise amandla awo okuhlela ahlelelwe ukuhlelwa kwamanzi ahlolwe kuzo zonke izinqumo zokuhlela eziphithizelayo. Lokhu kusho ukudinga ukuhlolwa kwezingozi zezehlakalo ezinkulu, ukuhlanganisa i-SuDS, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi imishini yokukhipha amanzi eklanyelwe ukusekela izimo zezulu zesikhathi esizayo. Amasu okuthuthukisa imvelo kufanele abonise izindawo ezifanele ukuthuthuka nalezo ezihlala ziwukugcina noma endaweni eluhlaza. I-West Yorkshire Spatial Development, ehlanganisa inqubo ethile ekhethekile yokulawula amanzi nezokuvuselela isimo sezulu, inikeza isibonelo ezinye izikhulu ezihlangene ezingasilandela.

Zicelele Izakhi Zotshani Nezinguquko

Ubufakazi obuningi kakhulu busekela ukutshala izakhiwo eziluhlaza kanye namakhambi asekelwe emvelo okulawula amanzi asedolobheni. Ama-machester kufanele abeke izisulu eziphambili zokuhlanganiswa kwendawo eluhlaza, ukufakwa kophahla oluluhlaza, nokubuyiselwa kwemifula engokwemvelo ezindaweni zasedolobheni. Izinhlelo zokuxhasa izinhlelo zokutshala izakhiwo kufanele zifake imisebenzi enikeza izinzuzo eziningi, kuhlanganise nokuzivuselela, izinga lamanzi elithuthukisiwe, ukuthuthukisa izinhlobonhlobo zezinto eziphilayo, kanye nomphakathi. Icebo le-Manchester City of Misston ne-Leeds Natural Edultral Management libonisa indlela ukusetshenziswa kwendlela ukusetshenziswa kwe-meyabaphathi be-master.

Yandisa Ukuhlanganyela Komphakathi Nokuzinza Komphakathi

Ama - may kufanele afake izimali ezinhlelweni zomphakathi ezisiza umphakathi ukuba uqinise izikhukhula. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusekela ukumiswa kwamaqembu athatha izikhukhula, ukunikeza izimali zesivikelo sempahla esisezingeni eliphansi, nokuqondisa imikhankaso yomphakathi ngengozi yezikhukhula nokuzilungiselela. Izinhlelo eziphumelela kakhulu ziphatha izakhamuzi ngokuzimela kunokuzivikela. Imishini evimbela ukugada, ehlanganisa ababambi bezigxobo bendawo ukuze bathuthukise amasu afanayo okuphatha amanzi, zinikeza i-fakthricle ekhona ekwazi ukunweba i-arearay ekwazi ukunweba futhi isekele.

Iziqondiso Zesikhathi Esizayo: Ukuzivumelanisa Nesimo Esingaqinisekile

Uma sibheka phambili, imithetho yemeya yokuphatha amanzi emadolobheni kumelwe ishintshe ukuze ibhekane nezinselele zesimo sezulu esishintsha ngokushesha. Ishumi leminyaka elizayo liyoba bucayi ekwenzeni izinqumo ezivumelana nokuzinza noma ukungakwazi ukumelana nokuqina kwezizukulwane ezizayo. Izihloko eziningi zichaza ikusasa lomholi wemeya kulendawo.

Okokuqala, umqondo wezindlela zokuzivumelanisa uyoba yinhloko ekuhleleni. Kunokuba asebenzise imiklamo yezesisekelo esekelwe ezimweni ezingaqinisekile zesimo sezulu, amadolobha azosebenzisa izindlela ezivumelanayo ezingashintshwa lapho izimo zishintsha. I-Thames Estuary 2100 Plan inikeza isilinganisi salendlela, okunezikhombo zokungenela okuqhubekayo okusekelwe ekunyukeni kolwandle olubukele. Amakheni kwamanye amadolobha kufanele athuthukise amasu avumelana nezindlela afuna ukuthatha izinhlanzi zawo.

Okwesibili, ukuhlanganiswa kobuchwepheshe be-minuctures kuzokusheshisa. Izinzwa ezihlakaniphile ezisebenza emizingeni yokukhipha amanzi, izimiso zangempela zokuhlola izikhukhula, kanye nokubikezela okubikezelayo ngokusebenzisa ukubikezela isimo sezulu kungasiza amadolobha ukuba athathe isinyathelo esingcono kakhulu ezithwalweni zemvula. Ama-mayster asekela ukuthunyelwa kwalezi zinqubo zobuchwepheshe ngeziphathimandla zawo ezihlangene futhi aqinisekise ukuthi ukwaziswa okukhiqizwayo kuhlanganyelwa obala ngezinkonzo eziphuthumayo, izinkampani zamanzi, nemikhandlu yendawo.

Okwesithathu, ukusekela ukuqina kwesikhukhula kuyodinga izindlela ezintsha. Ngokugunyazwa kwezimali zikahulumeni omkhulu, imeya izodinga ukuhlola eminye imithombo ehlanganisa izibopho eziluhlaza, izibopho zikamasipala, neminikelo evela kubakhi abazuza ekuvikelekeni okuthuthukisiwe. Umqondo wokusekela izindleko, ohlobanisa izindleko zesikhungo sokuzivikela kwesikhukhula ngaphansi kokucindezeleka kwesimo sezulu, unikeza isibonelo esingenza inzuzo yokuxhasa izimali ezinkulu ezidingekayo.

Indima yomholi wemeya ekuqondiseni amanzi nasemasileni asemadolobheni e-UK ibaluleke kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili. Njengoba ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kukhula futhi imiphakathi yasemadolobheni ikhula, izinqumo ezenziwa amameya namuhla ziyonquma ukuthi amadolobha ayaqhubeka yini noma alwa nokucindezela okusheshayo nokukhuphuka okukhulu. Ubufakazi obuvela eLondon, eManchester, eLeeds, nakwamanye amadolobha bubonisa ukuthi izimiso ezikhona eziqinile zingaletha ukuncipha okunenzuzo kuyilapho kuthuthukisa izinga lezindawo ezizungezile zasedolobheni. Nokho, isibopho esiqhubekayo, izimali ezanele, nokubambisana okuqinile nezinhlangano zezindawo zendawo. Ubufakazi obuvela ekwakheni, amadolobha amanzi, nasemadolobheni angaphambili.