Imibono yentando yeningi neyobushiqela imelela izindlela ezimbili ezihluke kakhulu zokubusa eziye zaguqula impucuko yabantu izinkulungwane zeminyaka. Enkathini lapho izinhlangano zentando yeningi zibhekana khona nezinselele ezingakaze zibonwe ngaphambili nemibuso yentando yeningi ezizivumelanisa namathuluzi anamuhla okulawula, ukuqonda lezi zimiso kubucayi kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili. Lesi sihloko sinikeza ukuqhathaniswa okubanzi, okungalé kwesimiso sentando yeningi nobushiqela, ukuhlola izincazelo zazo, izimiso eziyisisekelo, izibonelo zangempela zezwe, kanye nemiphumela ejulile emphakathini.

Kuyini Ukubusa Ngentando Yeningi?

Idemokrasi isuka kumagama esiGreki (abantu) kanye kratos[ [igunya noma ukubusa]. Isimiso sikahulumeni lapho igunya eliphakeme lihlala khona nabantu futhi lisetshenziswa khona ngokuqondile noma ngabameleli abakhethwe ngenkululeko.

Izimiso Zomthetho Zokubusa Ngentando Yeningi

  • Ubukhosi obuPhakathi: Umthetho kahulumeni uvela emvumeni yabalawulwa. Izakhamuzi ziwumthombo oyinhloko wamandla ezombangazwe.
  • Inkululeko ne-Fair Echonsotions:[ njalo, ukubonakala, nokuncintisana kuvumela izakhamuzi ukuba zikhethe abaholi bazo. Izikhulu eziphakanyisiwe zibekwa icala ebhokisini lebhola.
  • Umthetho:[ Umthetho-sisekelo noma uhlelo olufanayo lomthetho lubopha wonke umuntu (kuhlanganise nohulumeni) kuleyo mithetho efanayo. Akekho ongaphezulu komthetho.
  • Ukuvikelwa kwamalungelo abantu:[ Amalungelo ayisisekelo anjengenkululeko yokukhuluma, ukunyathelisa, umhlangano, nenkolo avikelwe ngokomthetho-mthetho. Amalungelo amancane ahlonishwayo ngaphansi komthetho weningi.
  • I-Plithical Plitural:[ amaqembu amaningi ezombangazwe, amaqembu ezithakazelo, nezinhlangano zomphakathi zincintisana ukuze zithole ithonya futhi zimelele imibono ehlukahlukene.
  • Ukuhlukanisa ama-Power: Amandla anikezwa phakathi kwesikhulu, i-progin, namagatsha okwahlulela ukuze kuvinjelwe ukugxiliswa nokuxhashazwa.
  • Inhlangano esebenzayo ye-Ovinity Society: Indinganiso egqamile yezinhlangano, imithombo yezindaba, nezimpande zotshani ezihlanganisa uhulumeni ukuba alandise futhi akhuthaze impikiswano yomphakathi.

Izinhlobo Zombuso Wentando Yeningi

Idemokrasi ayisona isibonelo esisodwa kodwa umkhaya wezimiso ezihlobene. Izinqubo ezimbili ezivame kakhulu yidemokrasi engaqondile ne yentando yeningi emelelayo[. Ebuthweni lentando yeningi eliqondile, izakhamuzi zivota ezindabeni zesimiso sombuso wentando yeningi ngokuqondile, okusasetshenziswa eSwitzerland ngokuqondile nasemihlanganweni yedolobhaneni yaseNew England. Emelelweni yentando yeningi, evame kakhulu ezizweni ezinkulu, izakhamuzi zikhetha izikhulu ukuba zenze izinqumo ngezazomthetho wentando yeningi. Imibuso eminingi yanamuhla ihlanganisa nezici zentando yeningi ngokuqondisa umbuso weningi ngokuqondisa ikhuluma nge-democlosem kanye nangezenzo.

Imisuka Engokomlando

Isimiso sokubusa ngentando yeningi sakuqala esibhaliwe savela e-Athene yasendulo cishe ngo-508 BCE ngaphansi kwezinguquko zikaCleisthenes. Intando yeningi yase-Athene yavumela izakhamuzi zabesilisa ukuba zihlanganyele ngokuqondile eMhlanganweni futhi zikhonze ezinkantolo. Nokho, yakhipha abesifazane, izigqila, nabantu bakwamanye amazwe(a isikhumbuzo sokuthi intando yeningi (inkathi esemthethweni) ilokhu isebenza. Namuhla isebenzisa inqubo yombuso wentando yeningi engokwezimo-democralicism enjengeMagna Carta (12159), iNgilandi yelungelo lamaLungelo (168999), iNguquko (17173), iNkakhulu) ye-America (173), futhi iNguquko yenguquko yaseFrance (789-17999) ibhekwa ngokulawula okukhulu kwe-democriciodemocism [[Ft: 0]] i-Democlations Index [Flt1:] [201]],2024], ingxenye nje yamazwe amaningi abhekwa namazwe ezindaweni ezibusayomthetho zo

Buyini Ubushiqela?

Ubushiqela yisimiso sikahulumeni lapho umuntu oyedwa noma iqembu elincane, elingabalwanga, lisebenzisa amandla aphelele ngaphandle kwemingcele enengqondo yomthetho-sisekelo noma imvume ethandwayo. Igama livela eRome Republic, lapho i-dist [ imiswe khona okwesikhashana phakathi nezimo eziphuthumayo; ubushiqela banamuhla buhlala njalo, abunakuvinjelwa, futhi ngokuvamile bugcinwa ngokuphoqelelwa.

Izimfanelo Zobushiqela

  • Ukuhlanganisa Amandla:[ Wonke amandla aphethe, omthetho, futhi ngokuvamile okwahlulela alawulwa umashiqela noma i-clique encane ebusayo. Akukho ukuhlukanisa kwangempela kwemibuso.
  • Ukucindezelwa kokuphikiswa kwezombangazwe: ukuqoqa amaqembu ezombangazwe kuvinjelwe, kuhlukunyezwe, noma kuncishiselwe ekubeni indima yezimpawu. Abangahambisani nalokhu babhekene nokuboshwa, ukuhlukumeza, noma ukubulawa.
  • Ukuncishiswa kwenkululeko yomphakathi: Inkululeko yokukhuluma, yokunyathelisa, yokuhlangana, nenkolo kuncishiswa kakhulu. Imithombo yezindaba ye- Independent ithathelwa indawo inkulumo - ze kahulumeni.
  • Imithetho elawuliwe noma i-Priptugent Exakene: Uma kuhlelwa ngokhetho, bahlelwa ukuba benze imiphumela enqunyiweyo. Izingalo zokunqoba zivame ukuphakama ngokungenangqondo, futhi izingqapheli zomhlaba wonke azivunyelwe ukufinyelela.
  • [ Ukusetshenziswa kwamandla nokwehla kwemithetho: imikhumbi-mthetho incike kumaphoyisa omshoshaphansi, kwezempi, kuzokuqapha, nakuqaphe kwanamuhla ukuze kwesabise umphakathi futhi kuqede ukungavumelani.
  • Akukho judiciary ezimeleyo: Izinkantolo zifeza izithakazelo zombuso, futhi abahluleli ababusa ngokumelene nohulumeni bayasuswa noma bayajeziswa.
  • I-Propaganda idumisa umholi njengengabalulekile, ehlakaniphile, nenjengobaba, kuyilapho isusa zonke ezinye izindlela ezingasetshenziswa njengezembukuluko.

Izinhlobo Zobushiqela

Ososayensi bezombangazwe bahlukanisa izinhlobo eziningana zobushiqela be-Emcalism[[FLT: 1] bahamba ngombusi oyedwa (umz. Kim Jong Un eNyakatho Korea). uhulumeni wobushiqela [[[FLT:] ulawulwa yizikhundla zombuso wobushiqela ulawulwa yizici zombuso zejanta (umz.g. i-Myanmar junta). [[FLT:] u-offary comrecismspostry [[FLT:] u-partum:] ugxilise amandla eqenjini ophethe owena zonke izici zomphakathi (umz.), i-Chinetic Party Party. [FFFoc]]

Izibonelo Ezingokomlando

Ikhulu lama-20 leminyaka laveza ezinye zobushiqela obudume kakhulu. U-Adolf Hitler waseJalimane wobuNazi wahlanganisa ubuzwe obeqisayo, imibono yobuzwe, nokuqothulwa kohlanga. UJoseph Stalin's Soviet Union wasebenzisa ukulawula kobushiqela embonini ngokushesha ngesikhathi ebulala izigidi zabantu ekuhlanzweni nasendlala. i-Francisco Franco’s Spain, i-Augusto Pinochet's Chile, kanye nombuso weDuvale eHaiti ezinye izibonelo. Ngokwekhulu lama-21, imibuso e-Freedom House [[FL:] i-North Cowere, i-Siriya ngaphansi kombiko we-Bashar al-Assad, iCuba ngaphansi komkhaya wase-Abastro, futhi ngaphansi kwe-Nicolás Madro[FLD1] iveza ezinye izici ezinamandla. Ngokwesilinganiso samashumi amabili eminyaka, ngokuthanda uhulumeni wezwe lonke.[FLD:]

Umehluko Oyinhloko Phakathi Kwentando Yeningi Nobushiqela

Nakuba zombili lezi zimiso zihlela ukuphila kwezombangazwe, ukungafani kwazo kucacile kunokuba kumane nje kuhambisane. Ngezansi kungokuqhathanisa okuningiliziwe okuhlelwe ngezilinganiso.

Ukwaba Kwamandla

  • I-Democracy: Amandla ancishisiwe futhi ahlanganyelwe phakathi kwamagatsha kahulumeni, amaqembu ezombangazwe, umphakathi womphakathi, nokhetho. Amasheke nezilinganiso zivimbela noma imuphi umdlali ukuba angabi negunya.
  • Ukubusa: Amandla agxilwe kumbusi oyedwa noma ku-39 ophakeme. Awekho amasheke asebenzayo, futhi izinhlangano zikhona kuphela ukuze zikhonze umbuso.

Ukuhlanganyela Ezakhamuzini

  • Izakhamuzi zikhuthazwa ukuba zivote, zifune isikhundla, zihlangane namaqembu, zibhikishe, zinxuse, futhi zihlanganyele empikiswaneni yomphakathi. Ukuhlanganyela okukhulu kuqinisa ukufaneleka.
  • Ukuthatha isinyathelo:[ Ukuhlanganyela kulinganiselwe kwimisebenzi ehlotshiswe uhulumeni njengemibuthano yohulumeni olandela i-propatiss noma ukhetho olulawulwayo. Ukuhlela komthetho wokwenza utho

Amalungelo Ezombangazwe Nenkululeko Yombango

  • I-democracy:[ Amalungelo anjengenkululeko yokukhuluma, ukunyathelisa, ukuhlangana, nenkolo avikelwe ngokomthetho-sisekelo futhi ahlonishwa kakhulu. Izakhamuzi zingagxeka uhulumeni ngaphandle kokwesaba.
  • I-"Dictivary": Amalungelo aphulwa ngendlela ehlelekile. Ukugxeka kuyajeziswa, imithombo yezindaba iyahlaziywa, futhi abaphikisi bathuliswa ngezindlela ezingokomthetho noma ezingaphezulu.

Ukulandisa Kukahulumeni

  • I-democracy:[ Abaholi bayolandisa kubavoti ngokhetho oluvamile, kuma-pactiols ngokuqondisa, nasemacaleni ngokuhlola kokwahlulela. Ukuhlola nokukhumbula izimiso kukhona.
  • Ukuthatha indawo:[ Akukho nqubo yokulandisa. Umashiqela uphendula amabutho okhuseleko angaphakathi kuphela noma i-coterie encane. Ukuguqula kwenzeka kuphela ngokufa, ngokugumbuqela, noma ngokuvukela okuthandwayo.

Uhlelo lokwenza isinqumo

  • [ Izinqumo zivela ekucabangeni, empikiswaneni, ekuyekeni, nasekuvoteni okuningi. Imibono emincane iyazwakala futhi ngokuvamile ithonya imiphumela.
  • Ukuthatha umkhumbi: Izinqumo zenziwa umbusi noma isiyingi sangaphakathi. Imibono engavumelani ikhishwe, futhi izinqubo zimiswa ngesinqumo.

Isimiso Sezomnotho

  • I-democracy: Isimiso sentando yeningi esisebenza emakethe yentando yeningi esinamazinga ahlukene emithetho nenhlalakahle yezenhlalo. Inkululeko yezomnotho iphakeme kakhulu, nakuba ukungalingani kungaba yinkinga.
  • Ukulawula kwezomnotho: kusuka ekubeni nombuso (umzk. Cuba) ukuya ekusebenziseni isimiso sokuzisebenzela lapho izinkampani eziphethe izimboni eziyinhloko. Ukonakala kugcwele, futhi amalungelo empahla awalondekile.

Ukulandela Kwabaholi

  • Impumelelo: iwukuthula, ukuvuleka, futhi ilawulwa izinqubo ezimisiwe zomthetho. Imingcele yokunquma nokhetho oluncintisanayo kuqinisekisa ukujika njalo.
  • Ukuphumelela: Impumelelo ivame ukuba nobudlova noma imfiliba. Amandla adlulela kwindlalifa ekhethiwe, ibutho lezempi, noma ibangela ukulwa namandla. Akukho nqubo, ukudluliswa ngokuthula.

Izibonelo Ezingokomlando Ezihambisana Nendaba

Imibuso Emisiwe

United States has operated under a constitutional democracy since 1789, with regular transitions of power, a strong tradition of civil liberties, and a system of checks and balances. However, recent challenges such as polarization, disinformation, and threats to electoral integrity have tested its resilience. Germany, after the horrors of Nazi dictatorship, built one of the world's most stable parliamentary democracies, embedding human rights protections in its Basic Law. India, the world's largest democracy, maintains vibrant elections despite deep social divisionsnenkathi yokuphambuka kwentando yeningi. [[FL:0], Australia, Japan, kanye nezizwe eziningi zaseYurophu nazo zimelela izimiso zentando yeningi ezivuthiwe.

Imibuso Yanamuhla Ewubushiqela

cishe i-North Korea iyisibonelo sesikhathi esinzima kakhulu, esinefa lobushiqela, uhlelo lobuntu emkhayeni kaKim, kanye nokulawula okuphelele kombuso phezu kokwaziswa, ukuhamba, nokuphila kwezomnotho. Umbuso ulondoloza amandla ngokuqapha okugcwele, isimiso esikhulu sejele, kanye nosongo lwamandla ezempi. [[FLT:] [FLT]Véneela [FK] waqala njengedemocism kodwa wehlela embusweni wentando yeningilweni yentando yeningi kodwa wehlela ngaphansi kwe-Phoversalgany Chávez neNicolás Mados, owacindezela ukuphikisa ukuphikisa, ukuphikisa, ukuphikisa, ukuphikisa, ukuhlasela, ukugxeka, nokulawula kwezikhali zempi, ngokwezinye izikhali.[F] kusetshenziswa yizikhali zempi ezisetshenziswa yizikhali zezikhali zemvelo ezibusayonke, ngokweziphedi: [F]

Ithonya Lokubusa Enhlanganweni

Uhlobo lwesimiso sezombangazwe lukuthinta kakhulu ukuphila komuntu kuzo zonke izici — ukuchuma kwezomnotho, ubulungisa bezenhlalo, impilo yomphakathi, ukusungulwa kwezinto ezintsha, ngisho nobude bokuphila.

Imiphumela Engokomnotho

Imibuso ithambekele ekuvezeni umnotho ozinzile nochumayo esikhathini eside. Inikeza amalungelo empahla, ukugcinwa kwesivumelwano, nemithetho eqinisekile ekhuthaza ukutshala imali. Ukuhlolwa kuka-2023 kwe-World Bank World Bank ithola ukuthi amazwe entando yeningi anesilinganiso esiphakeme se-GDP ngonyaka nokwehla ngokushesha. Imishini engakhuphuka ngokushesha ingenza ukukhula ngokushesha kwentuthuko (umzk. iChina, kusukela ngonyaka ka-1979 kuqhubeke), kodwa ukukhula okunjalo kuvela ekungcolisweni kwendawo ezungezile, ukuxhaphaza izisebenzi, nokucekwa kwezekwa kwezentengo yezentengo ephakeme. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izomnotho zobushiqela zisengozini yokukhubazeka nokukhohlakala; izimboni eziningi zibhekene nezinhlupho ezise imfucumfucumfucuko (uml. g. g.)

Intuthuko Ezenhlalo Neyobuntu

I-Democracic ivame ukuqopha i-International Human Development Index, elinganisa ubude besikhathi sokuphila, imfundo, nenzuzo. Ukuhlanganyela kwezakhamuzi kwenza ukuba kukwazi ukuhlukaniswa ngokulinganayo kwezinto zomphakathi njengezempilo, imfundo, nezesisekelo sezindawo. Kumashoshala-mbuso, imithombo yemali igelezela kakhulu kubasekeli bombuso, kuyilapho abaphikisi namaqembu amancane encitshiswa. Amalungelo abesifazane, LGBTQ+ amalungelo, kanye nesivikelo esincane sohlanga sinamandla kakhulu ngaphansi kwesimiso sombuso wentando yeningi.

Ukuqina Kwezombangazwe Nokuxabana

Kuyinganekwane evamile ukuthi ubushiqela buzinzile. Nakuba bungacindezela izinxushunxushu ezibonakalayo, budala futhi izikhalo ezibhebhethekisayo ezibangela ukuvukela umbuso, ukugumbuqela, noma izimpi zombango, njengoba zibonakala e-Arabian Spring nasekuweni kweSoviet Union. Ngokungafani, izimpi zeziteshi ngezinhlangano, zivumela ukuxazululwa kwengxabano enokuthula. Izinhlangano zeDemocratic zibhekana nezimpi zombano zombango nobandlululo olunciphene kunalezo ezisezingeni ezisenzweni zezimoto, nakuba zingagonyelwa izimpi ezipheli ezinye izizwe.

Ukuzivuselela Nokusungula

Ukuphambanisa imibono yentando yeningi obala, ukuvikela impahla yezengqondo, nokubekezelela ukungavumelani nokusungulwa kwemibono. Abavuni bemali kaNobel nempumelelo enkulu yezobuchwepheshe bavela emiphakathini yentando yeningi. Imishini yedemokhrasi inqabela ukusungula izinto ngokuhlola nokuzilawula; izakhamuzi ezisaba ukukhuluma azinamathuba amancane okubekela inselele ukuthola ukuhlakanipha noma ukuveza izixazululo ezinkulu. Nokho, imibuso yempoqo ingaphumelela kakhulu emikhakheni emincane njengezobuchwepheshe bezempi noma ukuhlola umkhathi ngokuthola imithombo yengcebo ephezulu.

Ukubusa Ngentando Yeningi Nobushiqela Enkathini Yezinombolo

Ubuchwepheshe buye basungula amathuba amasha nezinsongo zazo zombili izinhlelo. Kuyidemokrasi, i-Internet inika izakhamuzi amandla okuhlela, ukuhlanganyela ulwazi, futhi yenza ohulumeni balandise. Izinhlangano ezinjenge # BRED Lives Matter kanye [FLT] kanye [FLT]] ne[FLT]# MeToo isebenzise imithombo yezokuxhumana ukuze iqhube ushintsho lweze zenhlalo. Nokho amapulatifomu asiza futhi akwazi ukususa imikhankatho, ukungenela kweminyango yangaphandle evota, kanye ne-algaltic Prity elulaza inkulumo yedemocratic.

Imishini yomthetho ithathe amathuluzi emishini okulawula. Isimiso sokukhomba amasu eChina ihlanganisa i-IIA cally, imniningo enkulu, kanye nokubaluleka kokuziphatha ukuze iphoqelele ukuvumelana komphakathi. Iran neRussia zisebenzisa ukuhlolwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kwe-inthanethi yocingo lwe-intanethi kanye nokuhlasela kwe-inthanethi ukuze zithule abagxeki. Imibuso yombhali ithumela ubuchwepheshe bokuhlola kwabanye ohulumeni abacindezelayo, idala i-milline yembulunga yonke ye-athomu. Impi yesikhathi esizayo izakulwiwa ngengxenye ku-inthanethi, lapho ukulawulwa kwezindinganiso zedemokhrasi ngempumelelo yokulawula i-tektrol.

Ukuguqulwa Kobushiqela Kuya Embusweni Wentando Yeningi

Naphezu kwezinselele, amazwe amaningi aye ashintsha ngokuphumelelayo kusukela kuhulumeni wobushiqela ukuya kuhulumeni wentando yeningi. iPolitical ivela kumbuso wobushiqela weSalazar ngemva kweNguquko ye- 1974 futhi yakha idemokrati eqinile. iSpain yenza ushintsho olunokuthula ngemva kokufa kukaFrancom ngo-19795], yamukela umthetho-si - sisekelo wamuva kwe-i-Afrika [[[FLT]] yanyakaza i-South Africa yaqeda ubandlululo nokubusa kobumina ngo 1994, imisa uhulumeni wedemo-demokrame ngaphansi kuka-Nelson Mandela. [FLT:], kanye ne-Brazil [FLT] ushintsho oluncane]

Ukubusa ngedemokrati okuphumelelayo kudinga umphakathi womphakathi oqinile, imithombo yezindaba ezimele, isiko lokuyekethisa, kanye nokusekela kwezizwe zonke. IZizwe Ezihlangene, i-European Union, nezinhlangano ezifana ne- National Democratic Institute [ inikeza usizo ekuhlolweni kokhetho, ekuhleleni inguquko yemithetho, nemfundo yomphakathi. Nokho, ukucindezela kwangaphandle kukodwa akukwazi ukusekela idemokrasi; isidingo sangaphakathi senkululeko nokulandisa sibalulekile.

Isizathu Sokuba Ukuqonda Lokhu Kuhluka Kube Yindaba Namuhla

Kulelikhulu lama-21, umehluko phakathi kwentando yeningi nobushiqela awukhanyi ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ezinye idemokrati ezibuyela emuva zingene "ebusweni bentando yeningi" lapho ukhetho luhlala khona kodwa luhlola futhi lunciphe khona. − Hungary nePoland ngawo-2010. Abanye ohulumeni bobushiqela bathatha izikhundla zentando yeningi, bathatha ukhetho kuyilapho besusa ukuncintisana kwangempela. Lokhu kucacisa ukuqonda okucacile okubalulekile kakhulu kunanini ngaphambili.

Abafundi nothisha banomthwalo wemfanelo okhethekile. Ngokufunda lezizimiso, intsha ifunda ukuqaphela izinsongo ezisemithethweni yentando yeningi, ukwazisa amalungelo ayo siqu, futhi ihlanganyele ngokunenjongo ekuphileni komphakathi. Bangabona inkulumo - ze, bamelane nokunxusa kwempoqo yempoqo, futhi balwele ukubusa okuphelele. Imfundo yamaCUBC efundisa kokubili amandla nezenzo zentando yeningi ithuthukisa ukuqina ngokumelene nezikhulu ezithembisa ukulondeka ngentengo yenkululeko.

Indima Yemfundo Ekuthuthukiseni Izindinganiso Zentando Yeningi

Imfundo iyisisekelo sesimiso sentando yeningi esinempilo. Izikole namayunivesithi awadluliseli ulwazi kuphela kodwa futhi nemikhuba yentando yeningi yentando yeningi, − idebate, ukucabanga okusekelwe ebufakazini, ukuhlonipha imibono engafani, nokwenza izinqumo zomphakathi. Ukuqinisa izakhamuzi zentando yeningi, izinhlangano zemfundo kufanele zigxile ku:

  • [[FLT: 0] Imfundo ye-pivic: ICurcula echaza indlela uhulumeni esebenza ngayo, ukubaluleka kokuvota, umthetho, nemithwalo yemfanelo yezakhamuzi. Izinhlelo ezifana ne Thina Abantu kanye [FLT] ne'CBCKS [ eUnited States ibonise impumelelo ekwandiseni okungokwezombangazwe.
  • Isu eliyikhonzi:[ Abafundi abafundisayo ukuhlola imithombo, ukuzwa ukwaziswa okunganembile, ukuhlaziya ukukhulumela kwezombangazwe, kanye negunya lokubuza, okuhlanganisa igunya lezinhlangano zentando yeningi, okumelwe zisetshenziswe ngokusebenza.
  • Ukwazisa ngamalungelo abantu:[ ukungenisa uBufakazi Bomhlaba Wonke Bamalungelo Abantu, iSivumelwano sezizwe Zonke Ngamalungelo Omphakathi Nawokujoyina Izombangazwe, nemithwalo yemfanelo yemibuso yokuvikela amaqembu amancane nangavikelekile.
  • I-media Literacy: Enkathini yokungaqondi komthetho-mthetho, abafundi kumelwe bafunde indlela yokulawula izindaba nezokuxhumana, baqaphele ubandlululo, futhi bahlukanise iqiniso nombono.
  • Isinqumo se-Confuct: Ukuhlela ngentando yeningi kudinga ukulalelwa nokuyekethisa. Izinhlelo ezifundisa ukuxoxisana, ukuxhumana, nokukhulumisana okungenabudlova zihlomisela abafundi ukuba bahlanganyele ngokuhluzekile ezimpikiswaneni zezombangazwe.

Inhlangano yeZizwe Ezihlangene yemfundo, i-Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) ithuthukisa imfundo yembulunga yonke yobuzwe, ehlanganisa izindinganiso zentando yeningi, ukuhlonipha izinhlobonhlobo, nentuthuko eqinile. Ukutshala imfundo enjalo kungenye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu zokulwa nezilingo zempoqo.

Isiphetho

Umehluko phakathi kwentando yeningi nobushiqela awukona nje ukufunda kuphela, kodwa ulolonga amathuba okuphila, inkululeko, nesithunzi sezigidi zezigidi zabantu. Umbuso wentando yeningi, kanye nakho konke ukungapheleli kwawo, unikeza isimiso lapho amandla esibopho evikelekile khona, amalungelo avikelekile, futhi izakhamuzi zinezwi. Umbuso wentando yeningi unikeza impumelelo esikhathini esifushane kodwa uveza intengo embi ekucinezeleni, inkohlakalo, nokungalawuleki. Ukuqonda lokhu kungafani kunamandla kubantu ukuba bavikele izinhlangano zentando yeningi, baqaphele ukugqekeza, futhi basebenzele emhlabeni lapho ukubusa kwabantu kusebenza khona. Abafundisi, abafundi, futhi bafaka isihluthulelo sokuqinisekisa ukuthi isithembiso sentando yeningi sisekelwe kukho konke ukubusa kwentando yeningi.